基于粗糙集的人脸识别改进方法

人脸识别因其高效、安全和非接触性的特点,在公共信息安全领域得到了广泛应用.针对传统主元分析方法(PCA)和随机主元分析法(Random PCA)在实际应用中存在抗干扰能力差、识别率不高以及2种方法特征融合后计算复杂的问题,提出了一种基于随机主成分分析+粗糙集(Random PCA+rough set)的人脸识别方法.该方法用PCA提取人脸的全局特征,用Random PCA提取人脸图像的局部特征,再将这2种特征通过串联的方式构建特征子空间.在特征子空间里用粗糙集去提取最具区分度的特征,从而有效减少了分类时的计算复杂度并提高了识别率.实验结果表明:该方法较传统PCA方法的识别率和识别时间分别提高了7.09%和6.06%.     

随机矩阵理论和主成分分析融合的滚动轴承性能退化评估方法

为解决传统特征提取方法处理轴承高维监测数据时会造成部分有用信息损失及现有轴承性能退化状态指标难以精确表征实际运行状态的问题,提出了一种随机矩阵理论(RMT)和主成分分析(PCA)相融合的滚动轴承性能退化评估方法(RMT-PCA)。首先,通过平移时间窗对滚动轴承监测数据进行信息锁定,并构造出随机矩阵模型;其次,利用随机矩阵理论中的单环定理及M-P定律进行矩阵特征分解与提取,构造出14个特征指标;最后,基于PCA算法对多个特征指标进行融合,提取贡献率较大的主成分构造出融合特征指标用于轴承性能退化评估。采用美国IMS轴承全寿命数据进行实验研究,结果表明:与基于最大最小特征值之比指标的异常检测算法相比,RMTPCA方法可提前12.5h检测出轴承的早期异常;与分层狄利克雷过程-连续隐马尔可夫模型相比,RMT-PCA方法在对早期异常点和严重故障点的检测结果与前者基本相同,但其融合指标能够更清晰地反映出轴承在中期和严重退化阶段"愈合现象"的发生。     

基于时频特征和PCA-KELM的液压系统故障诊断

为了解决液压系统泄漏、堵塞和气穴等多类型故障下特征提取和模式识别困难的问题,提出基于时频特征和PCA-KELM的液压故障智能诊断新方法。首先利用统计分析和总体平均经验模态分解方法,构造高维混合域初始特征向量,从不同特征指标、不同分析角度对不同种类液压故障进行表征和刻画;然后通过主成分分析对多维初始特征向量进行降维和特征二次提取,将高维相关变量转化为低维独立的主特征向量;最后利用PCA主元构造的主特征向量输入核极限学习机网络中,实现故障类型的识别。实验结果表明,混合域初始特征向量能全面准确地描述故障特征,PCA提取的主特征向量摒弃了冗余信息且简化了分类器结构,KELM网络诊断速度快、分类准确率高。     

基于PCA与HTM的齿轮故障诊断研究

针对齿轮非平稳时变特性以及特征提取过程中维数多等特点,本文提出基于主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)和分层时序记忆法(Hierarchical Temporal Memory,HTM)结合的方法。首先从EMD分解和无量纲两个方面提取故障特征;其次,利用PCA方法对提取的数据进行降维处理从而避免维数灾难,提高诊断精度;最后利用HTM方法进行模式识别。HTM具有抗噪性、自适应、泛化能力强等特点,可以很好地处理含噪数据的同时保证较高的识别率。实验结果表明两者结合的方法能够快速区分各种故障类型,提高齿轮故障诊断率,为齿轮故障诊断的应用提供了新的思路。     

基于SVM的刻蚀工艺失效状态识别

针对反应离子刻蚀工艺,研究其状态监测与识别.采用主元分析(PCA)方法对原始数据进行降维,提取出有效的特征子集,再应用SVM建立失效状态的诊断识别模型,分析模型参数对失效状态的分类识别效果.采用主元分析法进行数据降维,从多监控量中提取影响最大的特征子集,再基于支持向量机(SVM)算法建立了失效状态的诊断识别模型,并分析了模型参数对失效状态的分类识别效果.研究结果验证了基于SVM方法的有效性,表明该模型具有高效的模式识别能力,可应用于存在小样本问题的其他半导体工艺状态分类和识别中.     

基于PCA的RBF神经网络预测方法研究

主成分分析(PCA)法可以提取样本集的主成分,实现样本的最优压缩,从而降低样本的维数。针对用RBF神经网络进行多因素时间序列预测时样本特征指标过多的问题,提出用统计理论的PCA方法对数据进行预处理,再选出几个主成分作为神经网络的输入节点.仿真实验表明,基于PCA的RBF神经网络模型在拟合预测中与一般的RBF神经网络模型相比有较好效果,简化了网络结构,改善了预测精度.     

基于小波变换和改进PCA的人脸特征提取算法

针对在人脸图像高维数据降维时单纯使用主成分分析(PCA)算法的提取精度和速度受限问题,  提出一种基于小波变换和改进PCA的混合特征提取算法. 该方法首先对人脸图像进行小波分解, 选取低频分量对人脸图像进行特征提取;然后利用改进的PCA算法进行主成分提取, 获得代表人脸特征的特征向量; 最后将该算法应用于Olivetti Faces人脸库数据集的图像分类. 实验结果表明, 经过该混合算法处理后的图像特征数据, 由卷积神经网络(CNN)算法分类识别时准确率提升10%, 识别速度提高约37%.     

基于多尺度Retinex算法结合PCA特征加权的人脸识别方法

结合多尺度Retinex算法和PCA算法的特点,并引入权重系数,提出了一种新的人脸识别方法.首先,在人脸图像的预处理阶段,利用多尺度Retinex算法提取人脸图像光照不变分量,然后用PCA算法提取人脸光照不变量的主特征;为进一步减少光照变化对人脸识别率的影响,对提取到的主特征的前两个向量加小于1的权重系数;接着利用k近邻分类器进行人脸分类识别;最后基于CAS_PEAL_R1光照子集人脸库,在Matlab环境下进行仿真实验,实验结果表明该方法提高了人脸识别率.     

基于PCA与神经网络的雷达故障组合诊断方法

针对目前单一诊断方法的缺陷,提出了一种基于主元分析方法(PCA)和神经网络的组合故障诊断方法.利用多PCA来监测雷达状态,在雷达状态异常时再通过分析变量贡献率来确定故障部位,最终采用神经网络进行故障诊断.仿真实验了该方法的有效性.     

基于二代Curvelet和PCA变换的遥感影像融合

提出了一种基于二代Curvelet变换和PCA变换的图像融合方法.首先对低分辨率多光谱图像进行PCA变换得到各个主成分,然后对高分辨率图像和低分辨率图像的前三个主分量进行Curvelet变换,并进行系数调整实现融合.最终得到PCA反变换后的融合图像.经实验结果表明,该方法有效,优于传统的融合方法.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.