预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥裂缝的成因与防治

预应力混凝土连续箱梁的开裂是"多发病",影响着构件的外观、使用寿命,甚至结构安全。文中对预应力混凝土连续箱梁的裂缝种类和产生原因作了分析,并从设计和施工方面谈了控制裂缝的方法,以便达到防患于未然的目的。     

预应力砼连续箱梁裂缝的成因

预应力混凝土连续箱梁裂缝的成因是一个非常复杂的问题,涉及到的问题也非常多.在将裂缝分类的基础上详细论述了预应力混凝土连续箱梁裂缝的成因,为日后预防箱梁开裂、对开裂箱梁进行维修加固提供了参考.     

预应力砼连续箱梁裂缝的成因

预应力混凝土连续葙梁裂缝的成因是一个非常复杂的问题，涉及到的问题也非常多。在将裂缝分类的基础上详细论述了预应力混凝土连续箱梁裂缝的成因，为日后预防箱梁开裂、对开裂箱梁进行维修加固提供了参考。     

预应力混凝土箱梁温度应力探讨

预应力混凝土箱梁温度应力产生的原因以及日照温差和骤然降温的温差分布形式，温度应力的计算方法，以及温度应力是预应力混凝土箱梁开裂的主要原因。     

在役预应力混凝土箱梁开裂后承载力评估

针对目前大量存在的在役预应力混凝土箱梁桥跨中下挠和开裂的现象,基于主要受力裂缝的外观统计特征,通过构造两类损伤单元,即正裂缝区损伤单元和斜裂缝区损伤单元,采用刚度折减和引入平面刚架模型的方法,建立了基于裂缝统计特征参数的损伤预应力混凝土箱梁计算模型,提出了基于截面刚度变化的预应力混凝土箱梁桥截面有效刚度折减系数和基于混凝土受压区应力变化程度的承载力折减系数,从而实现了对在役预应力混凝土结构开裂损伤后,在其使用过程中的受力性能评价.     

预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥裂缝成因分析及其长期监测

针对在桥梁建造和使用过程中出现的因裂缝而影响工程质量的问题,通过对一座在使用初期箱梁底板出现裂缝的在役预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥的长期监测、车辆荷载试验以及有限元法模拟分析,探讨了预应力混凝土连续箱梁的裂缝成因及其裂缝对使用性能的影响.结果表明,交通运输量的迅速增长导致了桥梁实际使用荷载超过当年设计荷载,使得箱梁的横向应力超过了混凝土的抗拉强度,是预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥出现纵向裂缝的一个主要原因。     

现浇箱梁产生裂缝的原因分析及解决措施

预应力混凝土现浇箱梁以其结构整体性好、跨度大、外形美观,在高速公路和城市快速路等工程中得到广泛应用。预应力混凝土现浇箱梁一般按照全预应力结构设计,在结构上不允许出现裂缝,一旦出现裂缝,无论从结构性能还是美观方面都是有害的。笔者就预应力混凝土现浇箱梁施工中出现裂缝的问题,谈一下其产生的原因及解决措施。     

预应力混凝土箱梁裂缝成因分析及处治

本文分析了预应力混凝土箱梁裂缝产生的原因,并给出了处治裂缝产生的关键措施。     

桥梁施工混凝土裂缝的控制与修补

混凝土裂缝产生的原因比较复杂,可以分为两类:一是在荷载的作用下,桥梁某个部位产生裂缝,这种情况比较少见,也是不允许出现的;二是由于变形荷载产生裂缝,这在桥梁混凝土施工中较为普遍.后者又主要包括气温、水泥水化引起温差使混凝土变形,地基的不均匀下沉混凝土开裂变形,预应力梁施工中的预应力筋放张,不均匀受力使混凝土开裂变形等均属变形荷载作用.     

桥梁施工中混凝土裂缝产生的原因及防治对策

造成桥梁出现裂缝的原因是多种多样,非常复杂的,设计疏漏、施工低劣、监理不力,均可能使混凝土桥梁出现裂缝。混凝土裂缝产生的原因主要可分为两大类：第一类在荷载的作用下,使桥梁的某个部位产生裂缝,但是很少见的,也是不允许出现的。第二类是由于变形荷载产生的裂缝,在桥梁砼施工中较为普遍。变形荷载的变形作用主要包括气温、水泥水化引起温差使混凝土变形,地基不均匀下沉使混凝土开裂变形,预应力梁施工中预应力筋放张,不均匀受力使混凝土开裂变形等均属变形荷载作用。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。