粉煤灰对混凝土热膨胀系数的影响

为了探讨了粉煤灰对混凝土热膨胀系数的影响,采用颗粒表面密封法和压汞法研究了不同品种的固相颗粒、孔隙率和龄期对水泥石热膨胀系数的影响,并采用扫描电镜和能谱分析验证了表面密封法的可靠性.实验结果表明:不同品种的固相颗粒对水泥石热膨胀系数的影响大小依次为Ca(OH)2、粉煤灰、水泥熟料、CSH凝胶;水泥石的总孔隙率随龄期的增长而减小;混凝土热膨胀系数随水化龄期的增长而升高,随粉煤灰掺量的增加先升高后降低;粉煤灰对混凝土的热膨胀系数有明显影响.     

玻璃组成对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系玻璃烧结、晶化和性能的影响

采用烧结法制备以钙长石为主晶相的微晶玻璃.采用差热分析(DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和性能测试研究玻璃组成对玻璃的烧结、晶化特性和性能的影响.结果表明:随着CaO含量的增加,玻璃转变温度和析晶放热峰温度逐渐降低,而且析晶放热峰变得尖锐;增加氧化钙降低玻璃的析晶活化能,有利于玻璃的析晶;随着SiO2量的增加,玻璃转变温度和析晶放热峰温度移向高温,使玻璃的析晶困难;玻璃样品的烧结温度随CaO含量的增加而降低, 但过多的CaO促进硅酸钙的析出,增加样品的介电常数和热膨胀系数;增加SiO2能够降低微晶玻璃样品的热膨胀系数,改善其介电性能;所制备的微晶玻璃具有相对密度高(≥98.3%),介电常数适中(6.9～7.5),介电损耗低(≤0.1%),热膨胀系数低(3.8×10-6～4.5×10-6 /℃),烧结温度(900～1 000 ℃)低,及介电常数温度稳定性低(66×10-6～113×10-6 /℃).     

ZnS类石墨烯热膨胀系数、弹性模量以及有效电荷变化规律研究

考虑到形变和原子的非简谐振动,用固体物理方法,研究了ZnS类石墨烯的热膨胀系数和弹性模量随温度的变化规律以及有效电荷和极性与形变的关系,探讨了形变和原子非简谐振动对它们的影响.结果表明:①ZnS类石墨烯的热膨胀系数为负值,数值在1.178×10~(-3)～22.323×10~(-3)K~(-1)之间随着温度升高而增大;而弹性模量在0.241 405～453.253 5 GPa之间随着温度的升高而增大.②简谐近似下,热膨胀系数为零,弹性模量为常量;考虑非简谐项后它们才随温度升高而变化,温度愈高,非简谐效应愈显著.③大小形变、剪切形变、单轴形变这3种形变中,大小形变对正有效电荷、单轴形变对负有效电荷影响最大,剪切形变对正、负有效电荷影响最小;④大小形变对极性的影响可达到70.4%,而剪切形变的影响仅为46.5%.     

MJS加固水泥土热物理特性研究

目的研究MJS加固水泥土的热物理特性,解决MJS与冻结止水联合加固冻结设计的水泥土热物理参数取值问题.方法通过自制冻结温度测试系统测定MJS水泥土冻结温度,通过ISOMET便携式热特性分析仪测定导热系数及容积热容量,采用SHR-6型水泥水化热测定仪测定水化热.结果 MJS水泥土冻结温度随水泥掺量增大而降低,随龄期增长先降低后升高再降低,冻结温度在-0.64～-1.40℃;冻结与常温MJS水泥土导热系数均随龄期增长及水泥掺量增大而减小;常温MJS水泥土容积热容量随龄期增长而减小、随水泥掺量增大先减小后增大,冻结MJS水泥土容积热容量随龄期增长及水泥掺量增大而缓慢减小;随水泥掺量增大,MJS水泥土水化放热速率峰值提高,而到达放热速率峰值的时间均为水化15 h左右;水化热在28 d龄期内,随龄期增长和水泥掺量增大而增大,龄期28 d时,水泥掺量由40%每增加1%,水化热增加0.95%.结论 MJS水泥土热物理参数受水泥掺量及龄期影响较大,人工冻结加固方案设计应充分考虑水泥掺量和龄期的影响.     

单轴应力条件下水泥石强度与弹性模量的关系

利用高温高压养护釜、压力试验机等设备对油井水泥石的应力-应变曲线进行了检测.分析了温度、外加剂对水泥石强度和弹性模量的影响规律,研究了强度与弹性模量关系模型的建立问题.结果表明,单轴应力条件下水泥石具有明显的弹性变形及脆性破坏特征;强度与弹性模最初随养护温度提升而增大,达到一定温度后,随温度继续升高而减小;各体系的强度及弹性模量均随养护时间的增长而增加,分散剂、降失水剂、胶乳能降低强度和弹性模量,早强剂、膨胀剂能增加强度和弹性模量,硅砂能增加高温条件下水泥石的强度及弹性模量;采用数据回归分析方法建立水泥石强度与弹性模量之间的关系模型,可以依据所建立的模型利用水泥石强度测试数据估算弹性模量.     

硬化水泥砂浆热膨胀系数影响因素

热膨胀性能是影响水泥基材料温度变形和开裂的重要指标.通过对硬化砂浆不同龄期热膨胀系数的测定,研究了水胶比、胶集比、矿物掺合料种类、粉煤灰掺量和细集料种类对砂浆热膨胀系数的影响规律.结果表明,硬化砂浆的热膨胀系数随水胶比和胶集比的增加而增大,其本质区别是用水量和水泥用量增加导致的水泥石热膨胀系数变化.矿粉能够增加砂浆的热膨胀系数,而粉煤灰则起抑制作用,热膨胀系数随着粉煤灰掺量的增加而降低.在对砂浆热膨胀系数的降低效果方面,大理岩砂玄武岩砂砂岩砂天然砂.     

配合比参数对混凝土热膨胀系数的影响

混凝土的热膨胀系数是体积稳定性的重要表征参数之一．采用正交设计的试验方法，研究了配合比设计参数对热膨胀系数的影响，并用功效系数法确定满足多项指标的优化配合比方案．试验结果表明，混凝土热膨胀系数随单位用水量、浆集比的增大而升高．水灰质量比的影响则取决于水泥用量和用水量的相对关系，当用水量一定时，热膨胀系数随水灰质量比的增大而降低；当水泥用量一定时，热膨胀系数随水灰质量比的增大而升高．热膨胀系数早龄期的变化较快，后期渐缓并趋于稳定．混凝土热膨胀系数与环境相对湿度有关，在75％时达到最大．     

氨-硝酸锂在多根竖管内的降膜吸收实验研究

设计了含多根竖管的降膜式吸收器,以氨-硝酸锂作为吸收实验的工质对,对吸收器内氨蒸汽压力及其对应的饱和温度、吸收压力势、溶液进口温度、溶液进口质量分数和溶液喷淋密度等对氨的平均吸收速率的影响进行了实验.实验结果表明:当吸收速率变化范围为2.2×10~(-6)～4.8×10~(-6) g·m~(-2)·s~(-1)·Pa~(-1)时,吸收速率随吸收压力的变化趋于线性;吸收速率随吸收器溶液进口温度的增大而降低;吸收速率随吸收器进口溶液喷淋质量分数的降低而增大;并且随着喷淋密度的增大,吸收速率先增大后趋于平稳.     

氮化铝热膨胀系数及高温弹性系数的第一性原理研究

结合连续弹性理论和第一性原理方法,对氮化铝晶体的热膨胀系数和高温弹性系数进行了理论计算.计算结果表明,当温度高于500K时,六角和立方氮化铝的热膨胀系数随温度升高呈线性增加.当温度为2 000K时,六角氮化铝a轴、c轴的热膨胀系数分别为0.853 49×10-5 K-1和0.849 64×10-5 K-1;立方氮化铝a轴的热膨胀系数为1.353 7×10-5K-1.当温度从0K升高到2 000K六角氮化铝的弹性系数c11,c12,c13,c33和c44下降幅度分别为10.61％,-4.52％,-2.0％,13.80％和20.76％,而立方氮化铝的弹性系数c11,c12和c44的下降幅度分别为29.23％,35.33％和21.10％.     

Cr1-xAlxN涂层的结构和热力学性能

采用特殊准随机结构(SQS)模型描述无序B1相Cr_(1-x)Al_xN固溶体,基于德拜模型,通过第一性原理方法研究了Cr_(1-x)Al_xN涂层的结构、热力学性质及热膨胀系数.研究发现,计算得到的结构性质与现有实验数据吻合较好,热熔、焓、和熵随温度增加而增加,吉布斯自由能随温度增加而减小. Al含量对氮化物熵值和热膨胀系数影响较大,随着Al含量增加熵逐渐减小,热膨胀系数增大.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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