弱耗散均匀回旋介质椭圆柱体的电磁散射

分析了弱耗散型均匀回旋介质椭圆柱体的电磁散射特性.基于平面波谱的积分方程以及马丢函数的级数展开式,以横电型(TE)平面波为例,导出了弱耗散均匀回旋介质椭圆柱内场及其单位长度的雷达散射截面(RCS)的表达式.为了解决马丢函数子程序计算复数的难题,采用泰勒级数的一级近似将复数转换为实数运算.计算了部分数值并讨论了弱耗散介质对雷达散射截面的影响.     

椭球粒子对电磁波散射的系统辨识模型

利用球形粒子的Mie解逼近椭球粒子的内外透射场与散射场,首先建立了求解任意椭球粒子对电磁波散射的系统辨识模型,在毫米波段,数值计算了非球形雨滴的内外电磁场和微分散射截面.结果表明雨滴的前向散射场大于后向散射场,后向散射场无径向分量,较大的球粒子的Mie解对椭球粒子的内外场的贡献较大,椭球引起的交叉极化分辨率随观察点的变化而变化;讨论了进一步提高计算精度的方法.     

基于微扰法的高斯粗糙面电磁散射研究

运用经典的微扰法研究了高斯粗糙面的电磁散射．根据微扰法理论，得到了单站情形下，不同极化状态、不同介电常数、不同粗糙面情况的后向散射截面，得到了后向散射截面随以上参数及入射角的变化而变化的数值结果，分析了结果的物理意义；同时也得到了双站情形下，不同极化状态、不同介电常数、不同入射角、不同方位角的散射截面，得到了散射截面随以上参数的变化而变化的数值结果，分析了结果的物理意义．     

平面电磁波在良导体表面掠射实验的研究

详细介绍了不同线极化方式的平面电磁波在良导体表面的反射特性实验,重点分析了当电磁波以入射角为90°掠射时的两种不同的实验现象:垂直入射面极化波以90°入射角掠射时,反射场与入射场大小相同,方向相反,喇叭天线接收到的合成场近似为零;平行入射面极化波以90°入射角掠射时,反射场为零,合成场与入射场大小相同。通过对简单的验证性实验的进一步思考及深入实验,使其演变为启发性实验,提高了实验教学效果。     

正弦型粗糙面上方平板的电磁波散射

建立了海洋粗糙面上目标电磁波散射的简化模型－正弦型剖面粗糙面上矩形平板的电磁波散射，将目标和粗糙面之间的相互作用表示为物理光学的双次反射，讨论了平板与正弦型粗糙面之间双次反射的散射机制；将有限平板的初级散射用三维场表示，提出了双次反射的计算精度。     

雨滴的电磁衰减计算

雨滴的电磁衰减体现在雨滴散射的幅值(能量)和极化两方面。为计算雨滴散射的振幅衰减,借助瑞利近似,利用单粒子的电磁散射截面和吸收截面,结合雨滴的尺寸分布,建立散射区单位体积的总散射截面和总吸收截面方程。模拟结果表明电波波长越长,降雨量越大,雨滴电磁散射截面和吸收截面就越大。为计算雨滴的电磁极化效应,引入极化度的概念,利用M ie理论确定粒子散射远场的两相互垂直极化分量,其中场强的幅值由贝塞尔函数确定,角度依赖函数由勒让德函数确定,通过对不同尺寸雨滴散射场的极化模拟,发现随散射角的增大,两极化分量均减弱,但减弱快慢不同,且此消彼长,部分散射位置出现完全偏振光。模拟结果为修正降雨给通信造成的影响提供重要参数。     

波束入射时一维动态粗糙海面的电磁散射

基于粗糙面散射场积分方程,采用目前较为普遍的前、后向加速迭代法来求解具有Pierson-Moskowitz谱的动态导体粗糙海面的波束散射问题,数值计算后向散射截面的角分布,讨论了波束和平面波入射时动态海面在不同尺度、采样间隔及不同风速下的散射截面的变化,尤其对掠入射散射做了讨论,得到了平面波和波束入射时后向散射截面随掠入射角近四次方的变化关系。     

二维高斯随机粗糙面与其上方三维双立方体复合散射的混合算法

基于数值方法(MOM)与基尔霍夫近似(KA)相结合的混合算法计算了二维随机粗糙面与其上方三维双立方体的复合散射特性。首先建立了随机粗糙面与其上方三维双目标的复合模型,将目标划分为MOM区域,粗糙面划分为KA区域,并采用Monte-carlo方法模拟真实粗糙地面。在复合散射场的求解中,首先求出在仅有初始入射场时多目标表面的感应电流;其次,将目标表面感应电流产生的散射场与外部入射场作为KA区域的入射场,求出KA区域表面的感应电流;最后将KA区域的感应电流产生的散射场与外部入射场作为MOM区域的入射场,利用导体目标表面的狄利克莱边界条件求出目标表面电流以及电流系数,并进一步求解出散射场。通过减小了粗糙面各面元的相互耦合及体-面的高阶耦合作用,极大提升了计算速率。在大小尺寸为L_x×L_y=100λ×100λ的粗糙面与棱边长度为l=2λ的立方体目标复合计算中,使用MoM算法产生了747 886个未知量,计算时间为8 821.5s;而使用MOM-KA混合算法产生未知量为26 868个,计算时间为423.8s,仿真结果同时验证了MOM-KA混合算法的准确性。最后,详细讨论了均方根高度、目标间距、高度及立方体尺寸及对复合散射系数的影响。     

随机粗糙面上介质目标差场散射的快速计算方法

用粗糙面上方有目标和无目标时空间散射场的差值计算雷达散射截面, 称为差场雷达散射截面. 推导了 TE波入射时粗糙表面上介质目标表面的感应电流J _o和感应磁流 K_o、导体粗糙面上差值感应电流 J_sd的积分方程, 直接求解散射差场E_sd, 而无需对有无目标两种情况分别求解. 目标表面的积分方程中需要计算目标所在位置处单独由粗糙面贡献的散射场 E_s0, 它主要来自对准目标的镜面方向上的一小段粗糙面的贡献, 此时选取的小段粗糙面减小了计算量. 提出目标与粗糙面散射差场积分方程互耦迭代的求解方法. 由于理想导体粗糙面的强镜面散射特性, 在该迭代计算中的粗糙面的长度与观测散射角有关, 给出了它们之间的解析关系式, 此时选取的粗糙面长度远小于现有的方法, 特别适于低掠角问题. 结合 Monte Carlo 法, 迭代计算了 P-M谱(Pierson-Moskowitz)导体粗糙海面上方不同介质材料的圆柱和方柱目标的差场散射, 并与理想导体柱的散射进行比较. 讨论了介质目标上感应电流、感应磁流, 以及粗糙面上的差值感应电流的分布, 目标差场散射的峰值特征等.     

刚性圆柱声散射特性的边界元法求解

声散射在检测声学和医疗成像诊断中是一个重要的现象,被检测物体外部形状的复杂性以及内部的缺陷或病变等会引起复杂的散射场.首先介绍了经典的无限长刚性圆柱在平面波入射下的声散射理论,引入了边界元法(the boundary element method,BEM),并且构建了模型计算边界元的声散射与理论解作对比.然后采用边界元法计算有限长刚性圆柱以及连线垂直于入射方向的两个刚性圆柱和不同轴长比的椭圆柱的声散射.计算结果表明,当无因次参量ka值比较小时,圆柱的尺寸比值以及双圆柱的情况对散射场分布的影响不大;当ka值比较大且圆柱的长度与半径比L/r值比较大时,无限长圆柱与有限长圆柱的散射场可以近似等效;增加双圆柱之间的距离,散射场的声压幅值和旁瓣的数目都会增加;椭圆柱的散射声场在轴长比a/b=2时声压较小.研究圆柱的散射问题具有丰富的意义,可以为目标物体的识别、缺陷的识别和定位等提供一定的理论依据.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.