宁夏贺兰山岩羊春季种群生态研究

以实体观测垂距法对贺兰山春季岩羊种群数量、性别、年龄结构等进行了调查,结果显示,2005年春季岩羊种群密度为（13.13±2.27）只/km^2,总数量为（11 161±1 930）只,1997—2005年春季岩羊数量累计增长了50.48%,年平均增长率为6.01%,比1983—1997年的年平均增长率13%有明显降低.2005年春季成体与幼体个数比为3.44∶1,成体中雌性与雄性个数比为1∶1.04,群体中混合群占59.6%,雄性群占19.3%,雌性群占21.1%,独羊占8.2%,群体大小范围为2～28只,平均为6.6只.     

温度对成体荒漠沙蜥代谢率、心率和呼吸频率的影响

对荒漠沙蜥成体代谢率和心率等生理指标的温度适应性进行了研究,旨在检测不同温度下成体荒漠沙蜥的静止代谢率、心率和呼吸频率的差异.结果显示:成体荒漠沙蜥的静止代谢率和心率随外界温度的升高而明显上升,但呼吸频率的上升并不显著.雌雄两性间,雄性蜥蜴呼吸频率对温度变化的依赖性比雌性的略强,且35?C下雄性的代谢率显著高于雌性的.这些生理特征与荒漠沙蜥的生境和活动特点直接相关.我们推测25～35?C荒漠沙蜥可能更多地依赖于提高心率和增加血流量来调整代谢率.     

人工饲养朱鹮耗氧量的测定

应用小型动物能量代谢测定方法,测定17只人工饲养朱的标准耗氧率.结果表明,17只朱的平均标准耗氧率为917.88 mL/(kg.h),其中,雌性朱的耗氧率1 147.18±277.83 mL/(kg.h),雄性为714.07±60.92 mL/(kg.h).表明年龄、性别和体重对标准耗氧率的影响较大,雌性朱的标准耗氧率大于雄性,随着年龄和体重的增加,标准耗氧率降低.     

贵阳市黔灵山公园半野生猕猴的种群生态及管理研究

2013年2月至2014年5月对贵阳市黔灵山公园内半野生猕猴的生态进行了较为详细的调查和研究,本项研究对黔灵山公园的建设、发展和科学管理均具有重要意义。主要对猕猴的种群结构、分布、活动、食性等方面进行了详细的观察,观察结果:黔灵山公园半野生猕猴目前分布有605只,种群密度为1210只/km2,其中成体295只,幼体310只,雄性209只,雌性396只,成、幼比例为1.00∶1.05,雄、雌性比为1.00∶1.89。最后提出了对猕猴进行科学管理的措施。     

宁夏贺兰山马鹿春季种群数量与种群动态研究

以实体观测垂距法对贺兰山春季马鹿数量进行了调查.结果显示,种群密度为(2.15±0.66)头/km2,总数量为(1 705±523)头,1997—2005年春季马鹿数量累计增长了28.8%,年平均增长率为3.68%,比1983—1997年14 a间的年平均增长率2.38%提高了1.3%,种群成体与幼体个数比为3.78∶1,成体中雌性与雄性个数比为1.83∶1,对成体性别比的变化及种群增长速度进行了讨论.     

青海沙蜥(蜥蜴亚目:鬣蜥科)种群的年龄结构与性比

根据2001和2002两年间6个月的标志重捕资料,在对分布于四川西北部若尔盖草原的青海沙蜥(Phrynocephalusvlangalii)的体长、体重和尾长3组数据进行相关分析的基础上,分别对这3组数据进行聚类分析.最后选取体长的聚类分析结果把青海沙蜥的所有个体分成3个年龄组,3个年龄组的体长范围分别是:26～36mm;37～50mm;51～65mm.各年龄组体长、体重和尾长平均值差异的F检验结果,说明用体长划分年龄较为合理.青海沙蜥种群的年龄结构基本上呈金字塔形,但第II年龄组个体数比例较小.青海沙蜥各年龄组的性比在3个年龄组间是不稳定的,第I,II,III3个年龄组雌雄个体数量的比分别为7.7∶1,32∶1和1∶2.1,而在整个种群中雌雄个体的比为1.76∶1.青海沙蜥的体形大小的性二态在其性成熟前后是相反的.     

中华蟾蜍两性异形研究

用采自牡丹江地区的86只(59♀♀,27♂♂)成体中华蟾蜍(Bufo gargarizans)进行两性异形研究.分别测量头体长、头长、头宽等6个形态特征指标并进行检验.结果表明:中华蟾蜍雌性平均头体长为(70.89±1.69)mm(n=59),雄性的平均头体长为(64.34±1.66)mm(n=27),雄性体长明显小于雌性,雌性头体长与雄性头体长的比值为1.102,且两性头体长存在显著差异.雌雄两性的头长、头宽、前臂及手长、后肢长与胫长等形态学特征均与头体长具有显著相关性.两性的胫长存在显著差异,头长、头宽、前臂及手长、后肢长、胫长随体长的生长速率具有明显差异.     

大熊猫（Ailuropoda melanoleuca）的繁殖研究

通过对最大的大熊猫圈养种群———中国保护大熊猫研究中心的圈养种群的研究 ,总结了圈养大熊猫的繁殖生物学特性 .中国保护大熊猫研究中心的繁殖场现圈养了大熊猫 4 2只 ,雄性 18只 ,雌性 2 4只 .0～ 1岁的 11只 ,2～ 4岁的 12只 ,5～ 10岁的 8只 ,11～ 15岁的 7只 ,16岁以上的 4只 .育龄雌性大熊猫 11只 ,有生育史的 9只 ,育龄雄性大熊猫 6只 ,4只能进行自然交配 ,2只可供采精 .从 1986～ 2 0 0 0年 ,共繁殖大熊猫 3 3胎 ,5 0仔 ,存活 1岁以上的3 6只 ,存活率为 72 %,其中单胎 17胎 ( 5 1 5 %) ,双胞胎 15胎 ( 4 5 5 %) ,三胞胎 1胎 ( 3 %) .大熊猫是季节性繁殖的动物 ,每年春季 3～ 4月发情交配 ,8月 ( 3 0 49%)和 9月 ( 4 8 88%)产仔 ,每胎平均产仔 1 5只 ,圈养繁殖大熊猫的雌雄比为 1 1∶1.大熊猫的妊娠期和幼仔的初生体重变化很大 ,妊娠期平均是 13 7 4± 19 3d ,初生幼兽的体重平均为14 2 6± 3 9 4g(N =13 ) ,最轻的只有 5 3 5g ,最重的 2 16g .即使是同一双胞胎 ,两仔的体重也有很大差异 ,1999年 8月2日大熊猫白雪产一双胞胎 ,两仔的体重分别为 5 3 5g和 15 0g ,相差近 3倍 .性成熟的年龄 ,雌性是 5 7± 1 1岁 ,雄性是 5 8± 0 5 8岁 .     

青海沙蜥的生长及两性生长差异

为了研究自然生境中沙蜥的生长和两性生长差异情况，于2001～2002两年间对分布在四川西北部若尔盖地区的青海沙蜥（Phrynocephalus vlangalii）进行了6次标志重捕．结果表明：第一年8、9月出生的沙蜥到第二年的6月SVL、TL和BM都有显著的生长（P〈0、05），雌、雄个体的两性生长差异不显著（P〉0．05）；第二年6月至8、9月间，雌、雄个体的SV、TL和BM都有快速的生长（P〈0．01），从7月份开始出现了两性生长差异（雌性的生长速度小于雄性）（P〈0．01）；第三年的6月至8月间，雌性的SVL、TL和BM仍在快速生长（P〈0．01），而雄性的生长则不显著（P〉0．05），雌性的三个生长指标的生长量远大于雄性（P〈0．01），并且SVL和BM的生长量与第二年的同期生长量非常接近（P〉0．05）；四年以后，雌、雄个体的SVL和TL的生长及两性生长差异都不再显著（P〉0．05），但是在体形大小上还存在极显著的两性异形（P〈0．01）．在青海沙蜥的生长发育过程中，雄性的生长曲线近似“S”形，而雌性则是非“S”形．雌、雄个体的生长受季节和年龄的影响，造成雌、雄两性成长差异的主要原因是雌、雄个体对繁殖的能量投入不平衡．     

广东罗坑自然保护区鳄蜥的移动格局及其影响因子

使用实地观察与样线调查法,以广东罗坑自然保护区的鳄蜥Shinisaurus crocodilurus为研究对象,研究鳄蜥在春、夏、秋三季的移动情况,并分析其影响因子。结果表明:鳄蜥个体间单次移动距离差异极显著(F=38.184,P0.001)。从季节上看鳄蜥的单次移动距离分别是,(1)春季:雄性成体幼体雌性成体亚成体;(2)夏季:雄性成体亚成体雌性成体幼体;(3)秋季:雄性成体亚成体雌性成体幼体。往溪沟上游和下游的最大移动距离:雄性成体亚成体幼体雌性成体。不同季节影响鳄蜥发生明显移动的因子不同,应根据鳄蜥不同季节的移动特点来制定相应的保护管理对策。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to