Cu2+和Cr6+对中国林蛙蝌蚪的急性毒性

采用中国林蛙(Rana chensinensis)出膜后一周的蝌蚪为实验对象,研究了Cu2 和Cr6 对中国林蛙蝌蚪的急性毒性.实验结果表明,在水温22℃～24℃条件下,Cu2 对中国林蛙蝌蚪24 h,48 h,72 h的半致死浓度(LC50)分别为0.131,0.105,0.038 mg/ L;Cu2 对蝌蚪的安全浓度为0.02 mg/ L.Cr6 对中国林蛙蝌蚪24 h,48 h,72 h的半致死浓度(LC50)分别为4.16,4.48,4.57 mg/ L;Cr6 对蝌蚪的安全浓度为1.55 mg/ L.同时讨论了中国林蛙与其他两栖类蝌蚪相比对Cu2 和Cr6 耐受性的差异.     

汞对中国林蛙蝌蚪的毒性效应

为深入探讨汞对两栖类动物的致毒作用和机理,将中国林蛙(Rana chensinensis)蝌蚪暴露于含Hg2+的曝气自来水中,统计得出24,48,72和96h的半致死浓度(LC50)分别为1.048,0.849,0.609和0.488mg/L,并计算得出安全浓度(SC)为0.167mg/L.另外,将26～27期林蛙蝌蚪饲养在Hg2+质量浓度分别为10,20,30和40μg/L的曝气自来水中,染毒40d,分两时段测定其体内汞的含量,24h蝌蚪体内的汞含量表现为染毒初期出现多个富集高峰,10h后逐渐下降并稳定;每隔5d的采样测定结果表明,随染毒时间延长,蝌蚪体内总汞含量总体呈下降趋势.染毒30d后,各染毒组蝌蚪体内总汞含量基本稳定,且各染毒组蝌蚪体内总汞的平衡含量接近.蝌蚪急慢性汞中毒实验表明,汞污染对林蛙种群的正常生长有极大的负面影响.     

青年男子空间感知觉评价指标体系的构建

空间感知觉是人对物体空间位置、距离判断的能力。很多运动项目对空间感知能力的要求很高。通过构建空间感知觉评价指标体系,编制空间感知觉的测量方法,对34名青年男子进行空间感知觉的实验测试与分析,确定了各指标单项评价方法和各指标权重。主要研究结果:1)累进评分法更适合于评价空间感知能力;2)运用累进评分方程加权后5个评分公式分别为睁眼4m投掷评分公式:y=3.853×(x-4.435)~2-25.56;闭眼4m投掷评分公式:y=3.024×(x-3.372)~2-24.7725;闭眼转圈2m投掷评分公式:y=2.351×(x-0.754)~2-26.7075;睁眼5m距离预测差值评分公式:y=4.0236×(6.729-x)~2-31.5;闭眼6m距离预测差值评分公式:y=3.145×(5.595-x)~2-32.355。     

不同低温条件下吉富罗非鱼的耐受性研究

应用室内人工降温,以0.5 ℃/2 h的降温方法研究吉富罗非鱼的低温耐受能力,分析比较不同低温条件下吉富罗非鱼的昏迷情况和死亡情况,评价其低温耐受性.结果表明:在8、9、10和11 ℃持续低温胁迫下,吉富罗非鱼的昏迷温度在8.9～10.5℃,半数昏迷温度为9.6℃左右;从开始出现昏迷到全部死亡的经历时间分别为14.5、18.5、24.5和28.5 h;昏迷维持时间与累计死亡率呈显著的线性相关,分别为:y=-0.0489x2+1.4330x-9.5078(R2=0.9999)、y=-0.0136x2+0.5024x-3.6385(R2=0.9649)、y=0.0038x2-0.0461x-0.1344(R2=0.9843)和y=-0.0034x2+0.2443x-3.2131(R2=0.9945).吉富罗非鱼的耐受性与时间和温度密切相关,其中8℃组耐受时间最短,11℃组最长.     

长江河口潮流界与径流量定量关系研究

长江河口是径流、潮流相互作用的潮汐河口,潮汐的变化导致河道水体流态发生改变.本文设计高分辨率数值模式,基于河道断面流量的计算,得出了枯季和洪季不同保证率径流量下的长江潮流界位置.枯季潮流界位于芜湖上游70 km附近的太阳洲和镇江水文站之间,洪季潮流界变化范围在江阴上游太平洲叉道中段至民主沙之间100 km范围内.对不同径流量下潮流界位置的计算结果作多次拟合,得出枯季潮流界y与径流量x的相关关系为y=-4×10^(-10)x(-10)x³+1×103+1×10^(-5)x(-5)x²-0.193 7x+1 232.9(R2-0.193 7x+1 232.9(R²=0.984 2),洪季潮流界y与径流量x的定量关系为y=2×102=0.984 2),洪季潮流界y与径流量x的定量关系为y=2×10^(-13)x(-13)x³+3×103+3×10^(-8)x(-8)x²-0.007 4x+359.35(R2-0.007 4x+359.35(R²=0.996 9).本文结果可为长江潮流界的确定提供科学依据.     

SDS、Cu~(2+)复合污染对蟾蜍蝌蚪血红细胞核异常及抗氧化酶活性的影响

以中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪为试验对象,采用暴露试验法,研究了亚急性条件下十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、Cu2+单一及复合污染对蝌蚪血红细胞核异常率及肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的影响。结果表明:单一SDS、Cu2+处理条件下,随着SDS、Cu2+暴露浓度增加,蝌蚪血红细胞核异常率及肝脏的抗氧化酶SOD与对照组相比均呈浓度-效应关系;SDS、Cu2+复合处理条件下,污染物对蝌蚪肝脏的SOD活性及血红细胞核异常率的影响表现为一定的协同作用,但污染物不同质量浓度的组合对SOD活性及血红细胞核异常率影响程度不同。     

铜离子对日本黄姑鱼幼鱼的急性毒性

采用静水生物测试法研究了不同暴露时间下铜离子对日本黄姑鱼幼鱼的急性毒性效应,建立了不同暴露时间下Cu2＋浓度与日本黄姑鱼死亡概率的回归方程,暴露时间分别为24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h时,Cu2＋对日本黄姑鱼死亡概率的线性回归方程分别为Y=8.907 5 X＋0.526 3、Y=9.439 2 X＋0.601 2、Y=9.805 6 X＋0.683 5和Y=10.558 X＋0.574 3,通过回归方程计算得出Cu2＋对日本黄姑鱼的相应半致死浓度分别为3.178 mg/L、2.924 mg/L、2.755mg/L和2.63 mg/L。根据化学品对鱼类急性毒性的危害分级标准,Cu2＋对日本黄姑鱼的危害级别为高毒。     

除草剂丁草胺对虎纹蛙成体红细胞的DNA损伤

以栖息于水田的虎纹蛙(H op loba trachus rugu losus)成体为研究对象,用碱性单细胞凝胶电泳方法(或慧星试验,SCGE)对暴露在不同质量浓度的丁草胺(4.25×10-3,8.50×10-3,4.25×10-2,8.50×10-2,0.43,0.85,1.70,5.10 m g/L)溶液中的红细胞进行了遗传毒性的检测.结果表明,在实验室条件下,随着农药质量浓度的增加,红细胞的DNA损伤程度随之增加;在丁草胺质量浓度为4.25×10-3m g/L时,虎纹蛙红细胞的DNA损伤程度与对照组无统计学差异(P>0.05);当质量浓度为8.50×10-3m g/L的丁草胺处理1.5 h,就会造成显著的损伤(P<0.05);丁草胺的剂量与DNA损伤程度呈显著的线性关系:细胞的损伤率:y=12.129 x 20.084,r=0.919,P<0.01;AU:y=33.684 x 56.698,r=0.885,P<0.01.研究表明丁草胺对两栖动物具有遗传毒性作用,在检测环境污染物对两栖类的遗传毒性方面,碱性单细胞凝胶电泳分析是一种合适的方法.     

3种酚类化学物质对林蛙蝌蚪的急性毒性效应

目的探讨中国林蛙(Rana chensinensis)蝌蚪暴露在不同浓度的2,4-D丁酯、2,4-D和2,4—二氯苯酚中急性毒性效应,为农业环境保护和治理以及两栖动物资源保护提供基础资料。方法采用单因子急性毒性实验法统计半数致死浓度(LC50)和安全浓度(SC)。结果常温下,2,4-D丁酯对中国林蛙蝌蚪24,48,72,96 h的LC50分别为5.28,4.53,4.79,4.90 mg/L,SC为1.27 mg/L。2,4-D对林蛙蝌蚪24,48,72,96 h的LC50分别为276.89,268.62,273.50,267.55 mg/L,SC为79.37mg/L。2,4—二氯苯酚对林蛙蝌蚪24,48,72,96 h的LC50分别为17.06,15.82,14.11,11.48 mg/L,SC为4.57 mg/L。结论使用除草剂2,4-D丁酯对稻田中蝌蚪具有毒性作用,而植物激素2,4-D对蝌蚪毒性微弱。     

啶虫脒和噻虫嗪对镇海林蛙蝌蚪抗氧化活性的影响

采用静态换水法研究了两种新烟碱类杀虫剂(啶虫脒和噻虫嗪)对镇海林蛙(Rana zhenhaien-sises)蝌蚪的急性毒性,以及对蝌蚪的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响.结果表明,啶虫脒和噻虫嗪对镇海林蛙蝌蚪的96 h半致死质量浓度(96 h-ρLC50)分别为21...     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.