Input Split Hydraulic Hybrid Bus and Control Strategy

Simple and efficient energy management strategy is the key to ensure hybrid vehicle performance. Based on hybrid dynamical system theory and the concept of finite state mechanism,power split hybrid connected structure hydraulic hybrid system was proposed and described. In order to meet the demand for driving,the layered advanced control strategy was proposed in this paper,which referred to vehicle driving experience. Using Matlab /Simulink /Stateflow hybrid modeling method, the economy performance and the acceleration performance of the vehicle under the typical city driving cycles were carried on the simulation analysis. The results show that the proposed topology and control strategy can obviously improve engine output characteristic,effectively enhance the vehicle＇s instantaneous power performance and economy,and also has a better adaptability in different traffic environments.     

Modeling and numerical simulation of a novel solar-powered absorption air conditioning system driven by a bubble pump with energy storage

This paper presents a novel solar-powered absorption air conditioning system driven by a bubble pump with energy storage. It solves the problem of unreliable solar energy supply by storing the working fluids and hence, functions 24 h per day. First, the working principles are described and the dynamic models for the primary energy storage components are developed. Then, the system is evaluated based on a numerical simulation. Based on the meteorological data of a typical day in a subtropical area, with the area of a solar collector being set at 19.15 m², whilst the initial charging mass, mass fraction and temperature of the solution are respectively set at 379.5 kg, 54.16% and 34.5 ℃, it is found that the respective coefficients of performance (COP) of the air conditioning system and the en-tire system (including the solar panel) are 0.7771 and 0.4372. In particular, the energy storage density of the system is 206.69 MJ/m³ which is much greater than those of chilled water or hot water storage systems under comparable conditions. This makes the new system much more compact and efficient. Finally, an automatic control strategy is given to achieve the highest COP when solar energy fluctuates.     

基于Gasa-BPNN的水轮机系统辨识与预测控制

Based on the characteristics of nonlinearity, multi-case, and multi-disturbance, it is difficult to establish an accurate parameter model on the hydraulic turbine system which is limited by the degree of fitting between parametric model and actual model, and the design of control algorithm has a certain degree of limitation. Aiming at the modeling and control problems of hydraulic turbine system, this paper proposes hydraulic turbine system identification and predictive control based on genetic algorithm-simulate anneal and back propagation neural network (GASA–BPNN), and the output value predicted by GASA–BPNN model is fed back to the nonlinear optimizer to output the control quantity. The results show that the output speed of the traditional control system increases greatly and the speed of regulation is slow, while the speed of GASA–BPNN predictive control system increases little and the regulation speed is obviously faster than that of the traditional control system. Compared with the output response of the traditional control of the hydraulic turbine governing system, the neural network predictive controller used in this paper has better effect and stronger robustness, solves the problem of poor generalization ability and identification accuracy of the turbine system under variable conditions, and achieves better control effect.     

Control performance and energy saving of multi-level pressure switching control system based on independent metering control

Aiming at the problem of large energy consumption in hydraulic control system with large load and variable working conditions, based on the multi-level pressure switching control system(MPSCS), a multi-level pressure switching control system based on independent metering control is proposed combined with the independent metering control technology. The configuration principle of the system is given, the mathematical model of this system is established, and the control strategy of the system under 4 different working quadrants is put forward. Finally, the control performance and energy saving characteristics of the system are tested. The test results show that the switching of high and low pressure power supply has a certain effect on the response of step position and ramp position under impedance working condition. The displacement curves show slow climbing or abrupt change of ramp position, and the position accuracy is less than 1 mm. The multi-level pressure switching control system based on independent metering control can recover and store energy under the transcendence working conditions. The control accuracy is about 1 mm, and the energy recovery rate is about 70%～80%.     

Intelligent Integrated Control of Underactuated Mechanical Systems with Second-order Nonholonomic Constraints

This paper describes an intelligent integrated control of an acrobot, which is an underactuated mechanical system with second-order nonholonomic constraints. The control combines a model-free fuzzy control, a fuzzy sliding-mode control and a modelbased fuzzy control. The model-free fuzzy controller designed for the upswing ensures that the energy of the acrobot increases with each swing. Then the fuzzy sliding-mode controller is employed to control the movement that the acrobot enters the balance area from the swing-up area. The model-based fuzzy controller, which is based on a Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model, is used to balance the acrobot. The stability of the fuzzy control system for balance control is guaranteed by a common symmetric positive matrix, which satisfies linear matrix inequalities.     

An Adaptive Model and Algorithm for an Electrohydraulic Position Servo System in Auto Gauge Control for Aluminum Hot Tandem Mill

The electrohydraulic servo position control system (HPC) is the core of an auto gap control for a modern fourhigh continuous hot strip mill. The actuators are loaded with considerable external disturbances, rolling forces, and the system stiffness and position accuracy will become hypersensitive to the leakage and the compressibility of the oil. Many efforts have being made to increase the position accuracies. The conventional resources are proportion integral differential (PID) controller. But the PID controller is faint for a considerable external disturbance. In this paper, by introducing the adaptive control strategy of model reference the reciprocities of the system structure with the loads were analyzed. With the Lyapunov energy function, an adaptive control algorithm applied to improve the system accuracy was formulated. The system simulations and the selection of parameters of the model were also discussed. The simulations show the static state errors at 0.02%. Finally, the industrial experimental result was given.     

Science Letters：On stochastic optimal control of partially observable nonlinear quasi Hamiltonian systems

A stochastic optimal control strategy for partially observable nonlinear quasi Hamiltonian systems is proposed. The optimal control forces consist of two parts. The first part is determined by the conditions under which the stochastic optimal control problem of a partially observable nonlinear system is converted into that of a completely observable linear system. The second part is determined by solving the dynamical programming equation derived by applying the stochastic averaging method and stochastic dynamical programming principle to the completely observable linear control system. The response of the optimally controlled quasi Hamiltonian system is predicted by solving the averaged Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equation associated with the optimally controlled completely observable linear system and solving the Riccati equation for the estimated error of system states. An example is given to illustrate the procedure and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.     

Electrical Power Assisted Steering for EVs and HEVs

Electrical power assisted steering (EPAS) is one of the key components, especially for electrical vehicle. It has attracted much attention for their advantages with respect to improved fuel economy and has been widely adopted as automotive power-steering equipment in recent years. EPS (electrical power steering) controllers contain MCU (microprocessor control unit) to implement the complex control algorithms. EPS control strategy development is the core technology of the whole system. To achieve the better performance of driving, both mechanical structures and electrical structures are totally designed as a whole. Model-based development is recommended to software design. There are several trends about EPS’ future, such as high power EPS development, high voltage EPS development and steering-by-wire technology.     

Autonomous control of multi-fingered hand

This paper describes a novel autonomous control strategy of multi-fingered hand based on a modular control system of dexterous manipulation. A simple proportional-integral-derivative(PID) position control with friction compensation, which requires few friction parameters, is used to realize accurate and smooth trajectory tracking in pregrasp phase. In grasp and manipulation phases, an event-driven switcher is adopted to determine the switching between unconstrained position control and constrained torque control, and an improved explicit integral force control strategy is implemented to realize simultaneously stable contact transition and accurate force tracking. Experimental results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed autonomous control strategy of multi-fingered hand.     

Research on control technology of elderly-assistant & walking-assistant robot based on tactile-slip sensation

In this paper,according to the old people’s physical characteristics and their technical requirements for comfort and mastery when operating the robot,a control approach driven by tactile and slip senses is investigated to control the elderly-assistant & walking-assistant robot. First,on the basis of the proposed driving control system program of tactile and slip,a detection system of tactile and slip senses are designed. Based on the tactile and slip feature representation and extraction,an improved classification and recognition method is proposed which combines K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm and K-means algorithm. And then,a robot control system based on TMS320F2812 is designed in this paper,including its hardware and software design. Then,a moving control method including the fuzzy adaptive control algorithm is presented for the walking-assistant robot to realize some different moving properties. At last,by the experimental verification in the walking-assistant robot,the research results show that the tactile and slip senses detection and recognition method is effective,and the whole control system has good feasibility and adaptability.     

汽车再生制动系统机电制动力分配

对汽车制动能量再生系统的机电制动力分配控制方法进行了研究,以电机制动效能为依据划分制动模式,提出了常规液压制动与再生制动力(电机制动)协调控制方法,建立了相应的再生制动系统机电制动力分配控制策略模型,并且对控制模型进行了仿真分析.结果表明,该再生制动系统机电制动力分配控制策略能够保证汽车前后轴制动力分配随理想制动力分配I曲线变化,实现良好制动性能,制动过程中增加了电机制动率,从而提高了汽车制动能量的回收率.     

并联式液压混合动力车辆能量控制策略

阐述了并联式液压混合动力车辆的结构原理,论述了液压再生系统的选型.为使并联式液压混合动力系统各部件之间协调工作以提高整车性能,针对液压混合动力系统各部件的工作特点,以发动机效率曲线和液压泵/马达效率曲线为主要依据,设计了基于逻辑门限的能量控制策略,实时地控制混合动力系统的能量分配,实现混合动力系统的不同工作模式及模式间的动态切换.分析了功率门限值、充压功率等参数对能量控制策略的影响,以系统节能效果最佳为原则优化出最佳参数的设定值.仿真研究表明,基于逻辑门限的能量控制策略能够实现各种工作模式间的合理切换,在满足车辆动力性能指标的前提下,有效地提高车辆的燃油经济性.     

微型电动轿车制动能量回收及控制策略的研究

分析了电动汽车制动能量转换和回收的制约因素,以某前驱动微型电动轿车为研究对象,在传统汽车制动理论的基础上,提出了电机再生制动力和摩擦制动力以及整车前、后轮制动力的联合控制策略;基于Matlab/Simulink和Advisor软件平台进行了系统建模和典型循环工况下的仿真,结果表明,该联合控制策略能够实现安全制动条件下的制动能量回收,且能量回收率达14.13%。     

电动汽车再生制动控制策略研究

制定合理的再生制动控制策略,使其在保证制动稳定性的基础上,最大限度回收制动能量. 通过对汽车制动动力学和相关法规的分析,结合电机的输出特性,建立了电机模型,提出了一种前后轮制动力分配的控制策略,并在Advisor软件上进行了仿真分析. 与常用的比例制动控制策略相比,该控制策略能充分利用电机的制动转矩,大幅提高制动能量的回收;同时也很好地满足了制动稳定性要求.     

ISG型混合动力汽车制动系统仿真分析

针对ISG(Integrated Startor and Generator)型混合动力整车制动力分配与制动系统压力协调控制策略,进行了混合动力汽车综合制动系统的设计。利用AMESim(AdvancedModeling Environment for Performing Simulations of Engineering System)模块化仿真平台,建立了混合动力汽车液压制动系统的仿真模型,进行了关键部件和系统动态性能的仿真与分析,结果验证了系统方案的正确性和可行性,为混合动力汽车制动系统的设计与优化提供了依据。     

无压力传感器下的电子液压制动系统轮缸液压力控制

线控电子液压制动系统作为下一代汽车制动系统的主流解决方案,其轮缸液压力控制是实现车辆稳定性控制等主动安全功能的基础。针对四阀结构的集成式电子液压制动系统的成本与冗余问题,提出一种无轮缸压力传感器下的轮缸液压力控制策略。通过台架测试分析液压调节单元的工作特性,提出基于伯努利方程与轮缸PV(pressure volume)特性相结合的轮缸液压力估计方法,设计电磁阀开闭逻辑及基于减压优先的轮缸液压力均衡控制策略,最后通过台架试验进行对比验证。试验结果表明,所提出方法的液压力控制均方根误差在0.21MPa以内,与有液压力传感器方案的控制精度相当。     

基于ESP压力调节器制动能量回馈系统

为了实现液压制动系统制动能量回收功能和提高制动能量回收效率,提出了基于ESP压力调节器制动能量回馈方法,阐述了该方法的工作原理,设计了制动能量回馈系统硬件在环仿真实验台,研究了制动能量回馈系统的可行性。采用硬件在环仿真实验方法研究了基于ESP压力调节器制动能量回馈系统可行性,验证了制动过程平稳性和制动效能。实验结果表明:基于ESP压力调节器制动能量回馈系统可以最大效率回收制动能量,保证制动过程平稳,满足制动效能要求。     

液压ABS回油泵的控制策略及其对制动特性的影响

针对液压防抱死制动系统(anti-lockbrakingsystem,ABS)开发过程中遇到的车轮抱死?踏板舒适性不良等实际问题,重点研究液压ABS回油泵的控制策略及其对制动性能的影响?建立了回油泵流量数学模型,轮缸数学模型,并验证了模型的正确性?在AMESim中建立液压系统模型,通过设计仿真实验,对回油泵的开启时间和转速对ABS系统的影响进行了分析,得出了在进入ABS控制时,回油泵首先应保持低速运转,以克服静态摩擦和减小自身惯量,减压时,再加快转速和首次保压时低速开启的启动方式的结论,最后得出了回油泵的控制策略,通过实验对控制策略进行了验证?结果表明,在所提出的控制策略下取得了良好的控制效果,并能有效地抑制主缸的压力波动,改善驾乘舒适性能?     

电动汽车再生制动过程制动踏板位移与制动意图及制动强度之间的关系研究

电动汽车可以通过再生制动提高动力电池的能量利用效率并延长续航里程;而电动汽车的再生制动效率依赖于其制动力的分配策略。在不同制动强度下,电动汽车再生制动过程制动力的分配比例应该不同,需要根据驾驶员踩踏制动踏板的位移进行制动意图和制动强度的识别。基于制动踏板位移对应的电压和电压变化率,设计了个模糊逻辑控制器,分别进行驾驶员制动意图和制动强度的识别。将驾驶员的制动意图分为缓慢制动、中等制动和紧急制动三种状态;并对三种状态下的制动强度变化进行准确的识别。搭建了由制动踏板、dSPACE半实物仿真平台和Control Desk调试界面组成的测试系统。对设计的模糊逻辑控制器进行了实验测试。测试结果显示,制动踏板位移对应的电压和电压变化率可以反映驾驶员的制动意图和制动强度,通过设计的模糊逻辑控制器可以识别出驾驶员的制动意图和对应的制动强度变化。因此,本系统可以用于电动汽车再生制动过程中进行制动强度的识别和基于制动强度的制动力分配,提高电动汽车的能量利用效率。     

液压混合动力挖掘机回转装置控制方式的研究

为了降低挖掘机的燃油消耗,提高整机作业效率,提出了一种基于液压混合动力技术的挖掘机动力系统节能方案.该方案采用液压泵/马达独立驱动回转装置,可保证发动机工作于最佳燃油工作区,同时结合挖掘机回转装置的作业工况,通过分析液压混合动力系统的特点,对回转装置的控制方式进行了设计.针对回转系统参数的不确定性,设计了智能比例-积分-微分(PID)的分段变结构控制器,并通过仿真和模拟试验平台验证了控制器的有效性和适用性.研究结果表明,智能PID转矩控制方式更适合于回转装置的作业要求,相对于转速控制方式,系统响应速度快,回转装置运动控制平稳,能量回收率高,达到了理想的控制效果.