财政分权与欠发达地区公共文化供给——以中国西北六省(区)为例

财政分权作为一项重要财政制度安排在公共文化服务供给中发挥重要作用.文章首先采用因子分析方法构建公共文化服务供给水平综合评价指标体系,对西北六省(区) 2009—2016年公共文化服务供给水平综合得分进行分析;其次,运用全面FGLS实证检验财政分权对西北六省(区)公共文化服务水平的影响.结果表明,财政收入分权与财政支出分权均对西北六省(区)公共文化服务供给产生正向激励作用,且财政支出分权的作用力度大于财政收入分权.据此提出完善财政分权改革、优化经济发展结构等建议,以提升西北地区公共文化服务供给水平.     

我国体育公共服务均等化的实现路径研究

体育公共服务均等化的实现依赖于社会、经济、政治的协调发展,由于我国现阶段所面临的困难还很复杂,需要科学、全面地认识和把握现阶段我国体育公共服务均等化的实现路径。在社会层面,要消除身份传统的影响,建立公民社会;＂以人为本＂,重塑我国体育核心价值取向;切实保护弱势群体体育利益;大力发展弱势群体的体育非营利组织。在经济层面,须加快政府向市场的分权,推进体育公共服务市场化;完善和规范政府间纵向财政关系、积极推进体育公共财政管理改革;加大对体育公共服务的投入,首先保证基本体育公共服务均等化;建立一视同仁的体育公共服务供给制度;建立无差别的体育公共服务成本分担机制。在政治层面,要加强政府转型,建设服务型政府;加快民主政治制度建设,建立群众体育需求表达机制;取消全运会,让地方政府＂眼光向下＂;明确划分各级政府的事权和财权。     

中国农村基本公共服务供给水平时空分异及影响 因素研究

为了解中国农村基本公共服务供给水平的分布格局及动态演变规律,构建综合评价指 标体系,运用熵值法确认指标权重,测算2016—2020年中国31个省份的农村基本公共服务供给水 平,并运用Kernel密度估计法和标准差椭圆技术分析其时空演变,采用Dagum基尼系数法和方差 分解测算农村基本公共服务供给水平的空间差异来源和结构差异来源,进而分析农村基本公共服 务供给水平演变的影响因素。研究发现,2016—2020年中国整体及其东、中、西部地区农村基本公 共服务供给水平呈上升趋势但省域间绝对差异逐渐增大;空间演变呈现空间区位分布扩散的趋势 且分布重心呈现偏西向南的移动走势;农村基本公共服务供给水平总体空间差异逐渐扩大,且差 异主要来源于地区间差异,地区内差异较低,超变密度差异最小;环境保护是结构差异的主要来 源;经济发展水平会显著促进农村基本公共服务供给水平提升,而财政自主能力、城镇化水平、数 字金融普惠水平和交通发展水平会显著抑制其发展,产业结构造成的影响不显著。     

中国基本公共服务均等化程度评价——基于2011年省际截面数据的因子分析

构建基本公共服务均等化评价体系,利用因子分析法对我国30个地区的基本公共服务均等化水平进行了实证研究.结果表明,我国基本公共服务均等化整体水平较低,区域差异比较明显,东、中部地区的公共服务水平远高于西部地区.我国各地区公共服务水平主要受地区经济基础、财政转移支付力度、政府政策价值取向等因素的影响.在此基础上,提出了促进我国基本公共服务均等化的建议.     

财政分权对地方财政科技投入的影响研究

基于2006～2017年我国31个省(市、自治区)的数据,建立动态面板数据,运用广义矩估计(GMM)方法,从收入分权和支出分权两个角度实证分析财政分权对地方财政科技投入的影响。研究结果显示:收入角度下的财政分权显著地促进地方政府科技投入,支出角度下的财政分权却显著抑制地方政府科技投入,地方政府竞争促进科技投入,但是财政分权与政府竞争的交互影响却对科技投入产生抑制作用。根据实证结果,提出扩大地方政府财权、调整当前地方政府政绩考核体系和强化科技政策的法律效力等政策建议。     

福建省基本公共服务均等化的对策研究

基本公共服务均等化是实现全面建设小康社会目标的重要途径。在阐述基本公共服务、基本公共服务均等化涵义的基础上,分析了推进基本公共服务均等化的意义;并针对福建省基本公共服务供给的现状,提出了建立公共服务型政府、改善财政支出结构、完善政府间转移支付制度与绩效考核评价机制以及完备基本公共服务供给体系等推进基本公共服务均等化的对策,以促进福建省和谐社会的建设。     

财政分权对城乡收入差距的影响—基于区域技术创新的遮掩效应

财政分权体现了中央赋予地方政府在税收、预算以及债务安排等方面的自主权,是地区经济稳步增长的保障。基于1999—2019年的省级面板数据,实证分析了财政分权对于城乡收入差距的影响。结果表明:财政分权虽然能够显著缩小城乡收入差距,并促进区域技术创新能力的提升,但由于区域技术创新能力会对城乡收入差距产生正向影响,最终将导致财政分权对城乡收入差距总效应的损失。分地区考察发现,财政分权对城乡收入差距的影响以及区域技术创新能力的遮掩效应存在地区异质性。在东部地区,财政分权对城乡收入差距的影响不显著;在中西部地区,财政分权能够显著缩小城乡收入差距。关键词:财政分权;技术创新;城乡收入差距;遮掩效应     

东莞基本公共服务更高水平发展研究

聚焦于环境保护、公共教育、公共医疗卫生、公共文体等领域,对东莞基本公共服务状况进行研究。研究结果表明,随着经济地位的提升,东莞基本公共服务建设取得较大成效,同时,基本公共服务存在服务资源总量不足、服务质量不高、结构不均衡三大问题。在深入分析基础上,提出了扩大资源供给、提升供给质量、形成多元化供给机制、加大财政投入力度、强化政府主体责任等对策建议,以推动东莞基本公共服务向更高水平发展。     

面向地级政府的分权及其增长效应

在我国,上级政府的分权包括财政分权和行政分权,现有的研究主要关注的是财政分权在省级政府层面的影响．对于财政分权和行政分权对地级行政区的经济增长的影响,利用我国2002年到2006年的地级行政区域的数据进行了实证检验．结果显示,财政分权能够促进地区经济增长,而且东部地区的效果要优于西部地区,而行政分权对经济增长既有有利的一面,又有不利的一面,在东部地区其综合效应为负,西部地区综合效应则为正．     

财政分权视角下地方政府竞争对环境污染的影响

基于中国2007—2017年的省级面板数据,采用废水排放总量与SO2排放量衡量环境污染程度,使用固定效应模型探究财政分权视角下地方政府竞争对环境污染的影响.实证结果表明:1)财政分权与环境污染程度的回归系数为正,表明财政分权度的提升会对环境造成负面影响; 2)地方政府竞争与环境污染程度的回归系数为负,而财政分权与地方政府竞争两者交互项与环境污染程度的回归系数为正,表明地方政府竞争对生态环境质量的影响受财政分权制度的制约; 3)环境保护支出和财政分权与环境保护支出两者交互项均与环境污染程度呈正相关,表明环保支出能够改善环境.基于此提出几点建议.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。