加工工艺关键参数对SBS改性沥青性能影响

为更合理控制SBS改性沥青的质量性能,选取不同的剪切时间、剪切温度和发育时间,对3种不同的SBS改性沥青进行改性加工;应用沥青试验方法与荧光显微观测技术,对其感温性、高温性能、低温性能,以及改性沥青的微观分散状态进行了分析研究。研究结果表明:对与沥青相容性较好且相对分子质量较大的SBS,加工工艺参数推荐剪切时间90min,剪切温度180℃,发育时间2h;对与沥青相容性较差且相对分子质量较小的SBS,加工工艺参数推荐剪切时间60min,剪切温度170℃,发育时间不宜大于4h。结合研究结果对现场胶体磨的加工工艺参数进行了优化,能保证现场生产的SBS改性沥青的质量要求。     

SBS与沥青相容性的研究

改性剂与沥青的相容性是决定改性效果和改性沥青制作工艺的关键因素,而聚合物改性沥青的相容性与基质沥青的组成、聚合物的剂量、聚合物成分结构以及贮存温度密切相关。利用热贮存稳定性试验系统研究了SBS与基质沥青的相容性。结果表明,线形SBS普遍比星型SBS具有较好的相容性,SBS含量小于3%时的改性沥青的稳定性也较好,沥青质含量适中、芳香分含量越小的基质沥青与SBS相容性也越好。     

利用印尼布敦岩沥青制备改性沥青

目的研究配料比、表面活性剂及反应时间、温度等因素对油分回收率的影响;测试改性沥青的结构,针入度、软化点及延度;分析SBS改性沥青、硅藻土改性沥青结构.方法以减压渣油作溶剂,提取印尼布敦岩沥青中油分;用提取的岩沥青油分制备改性沥青,通过红外光谱图、扫描电镜照片分析其结构.结果当布敦岩沥青与减压渣油的配料质量比为1∶1.5,表面活性剂w=0.5%,反应时间2 h,反应温度140℃时,油分回收率可高达90.1%;随改性剂SBS掺量的增大,改性沥青的针入度降低,软化点升高,延度有所改善;随硅藻土掺量的增大,改性沥青针入度大大降低,软化点升高,延度降低.当SBS掺量为1%~2%时,SBS改性沥青各项性能得到明显改善;当硅藻土掺量为12%~15%时,试验结果最佳.结论利用减压渣油提取布敦岩沥青中的油分,经过滤得到的渣油与油分的混合物,无需再做分离处理,即可进行改性实验.与常规方法相比,不仅提高了回收率,而且降低了生产成本;利用布敦岩沥青油分制备改性沥青,不但拓展了改性沥青的研制方法,而且提高了布敦岩沥青的使用价值..     

对叔丁基苯甲醛改性沥青性能研究

以中温煤沥青为基质沥青、对叔丁基苯甲醛为改性剂和对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,采用化学交联-减压蒸馏法分别在Ar气氛和减压环境下对中温煤沥青进行改性,并考察反应条件对沥青的软化点和残炭率等性能的影响.结果表明,改性沥青性能受改性剂的加入量、反应温度、反应时间和反应压力影响较大.在改性剂与煤沥青质量比为0.2、催化剂加入量为5%时,在反应温度为180℃以及20kPa×8h条件下,制得软化点高达151.5℃、残炭率为75%的优质沥青.     

SBS聚合物改性沥青技术性能

针对不同种类、不同工艺的SBS改性沥青，采用试验、理论相结合的方法，包括常规三大指标试验、SHRP动态剪切流变DSR试验、储存稳定性试验等，分析了加工工艺参数对SBS改性沥青技术性能以及相容性的影响。结果表明，不同品种的改性剂、不同的制备温度、不同的改性工艺均对改性沥青的性能产生较大影响。相比于其他因素而言，SBS改性沥青的改性工艺是影响其性能的主导因素；储存稳定性较好的改性沥青，其技术性能也较好；星型SBS改性沥青的技术性能优于线型SBS改性沥青；基于改性沥青的综合性能考虑，制备温度不宜过低。因此，通过掺配适当的稳定剂和助剂等措施改善改性工艺，是提高SBS改性沥青技术性能的最有效途径之一。     

二醋酸纤维素酯接枝聚乳酸的制备及性能研究

以辛酸亚锡为催化剂,二醋酸纤维素酯为接枝骨架,在真空熔融条件下通过meso-丙交酯的开环聚合反应,制备了二醋酸纤维素酯接枝聚乳酸的共聚物(PLA-g-CDA).使用FTIR,DSC和拉伸实验等多种表征手段对接枝共聚物的性质进行了表征.重点研究了原料用量、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间和反应氛围对单体转化率和接枝率的影响,并对接枝共聚物的成膜性、相容性和力学性能进行了评估.结果表明:真空反应环境下,原料meso-丙交酯与二醋酸纤维素酯的投料比为4∶1,催化剂辛酸亚锡用量为二醋酸纤维素酯质量的5%,反应温度140℃,反应时间30min时,产物的接枝率达到72%.随着PLA接枝率的升高,PLA-g-CDA更容易成膜,相容性得到改善,力学性能也得到增强.     

SBS复合改性沥青存储稳定性与常规性能的灰色关联分析

以改善SBS改性沥青存储稳定为目的,添加有机蒙脱土OMMT、硫磺S和炭黑CB三种添加剂对SBS改性沥青复合改性,分析添加剂种类和掺量对SBS改性沥青存储稳定性以及常规性能的影响,采用灰色系统关联方法分析SBS改性沥青存储稳定性与沥青各项常规性能关系。结果表明:三种添加剂在适宜掺量下都能有效解决SBS改性沥青离析问题;其中OMMT添加剂对SBS改性沥青高温性能改性效果显著;CB添加剂可降低SBS改性沥青对温度的敏感性;灰色关联分析表明不同SBS复合改性沥青的存储稳定性与其常规性能之间的相关性各不相同:SBS/OMMT复合改性沥青SBS/S复合改性沥青SBS/CB复合改性沥青。     

接枝杜仲胶改性沥青路用性能

为了进一步完善SBS改性沥青性能,降低合成高分子改性剂受原油价格和产量的影响程度,在天然高分子材料杜仲胶上接枝能与沥青氮基反应的官能团马来酸酐,形成一种新的天然沥青改性剂接枝杜仲胶.分析了接枝杜仲胶的生成方法与改性沥青的机理,根据杜仲胶接枝产物的红外光谱,确定了接枝产物的物理表征.将接枝杜仲胶与SBS复合后改性沥青,进行了沥青和沥青混合料的高低温和老化性能试验.试验结果表明:当小于2%掺量的接枝杜仲胶加入SBS改性沥青后能提高其高温和抗老化性能,不降低低温性能,而且1.5%掺量接枝杜仲胶对SBS改性沥青性能提高最为明显;接枝杜仲胶取代一部分SBS后,沥青混合料除了低温性能相当外,强度、高温和水稳性能均得到不同程度的提高.接枝杜仲胶取代一部分SBS后不降低而是增强了改性沥青的使用品质,也减少了合成高分子材料的用量.     

多聚磷酸改性沥青流变特性及改性机理

采用动态剪切流变、重复蠕变和弯曲梁流变等试验分别对多聚磷酸改性沥青、聚合物改性沥青以及聚合物复配多聚磷酸改性沥青在高、低温状态下的流变特性进行了系统研究.结果表明,多聚磷酸能够改善基质沥青和聚合物改性沥青的高低温性能;多聚磷酸与苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)改性剂在改善沥青高温性能机制上存在明显不同,多聚磷酸的掺入显著增加了沥青的黏度,而对沥青的弹性变形恢复能力贡献较小,而SBS改性剂可大幅度提高沥青的弹性变形恢复能力.采用核磁共振(NMR)试验对多聚磷酸改性沥青的改性机理进行了初步分析,发现多聚磷酸与沥青发生了接枝、磷酸酯化和环化反应,从而改变了沥青的碳链结构和化学结构,宏观上使沥青变得更加黏稠.     

改善SBS改性沥青储存稳定性的措施与机理分析

针对相容性和稳定性较差的SBS（聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯）聚合物兰炼改性沥青，采用试验与理论相结合的方法，研究添加不同剂量的化学试剂对改善其储存稳定性的作用，并分析了其微观形态，以及物理化学作用机理．结果显示通过向SBS兰炼改性沥青中加入一定剂量的合适的增容剂和稳定剂，可以极大地促进SBS在沥青中的溶胀，提高SBS兰炼改性沥青的相容性，并且使沥青与SBS之间，以及SBS相互间发生交联、接枝等化学反应，形成网络结构，从而改善SBS改性沥青的储存稳定性，同时提高了改性沥青的使用性能，使其达到规范要求．     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.