CdS光化学修饰介孔TiO2及其增强的可见光催化活性

[目的]提高介孔TiO₂材料的光催化活性。[方法]采用蒸发诱导自组装法(EISA),以四氯化钛和钛酸丁酯为钛源,嵌段共聚物P123(EO₂₀PO₇₀EO₂₀)为模板剂,制备介孔TiO₂。用光化学修饰法将CdS掺进介孔TiO₂中,合成对可见光有较好响应的复合材料,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、原子吸收分光光度法(AAS)和光催化等手段对样品进行表征。[结果]XRD和TEM结果表明成功合成有序的六方介孔材料;AAS确定复合材料中Cd的含量为0.96mg/g;光催化于500 W氙灯下以2×10^-5mol/L次甲基蓝(MB)为模型污染物,结果显示CdS/TiO₂复合材料的可见光催化活性明显提高。[结论]光化学修饰法制备的介孔CdS/TiO₂复合材料可增强其可见光催化活性。     

基于化学诱导相变法的磁性液体合成及其磁光效应

使用化学诱导相变法制备的γ-Fe₂O₃磁性纳米颗粒,经油酸表面包裹可分散于煤油中合成磁性液体.在磁场作用下,圆偏振光透过磁性液体样品后,由于双折射效应和二向色性,透射光为椭圆偏振光.用圆偏振光作为探测光源,使用θ扫描技术可得到透射椭圆偏振光的相对强度角分布的T-θ曲线.从曲线可得到反映透射椭圆偏振光特征的相对透射强度的最小值T_min和最大值T_max以及椭圆的取向角Δθ.从这些透射光的参数可导出磁双折射效应Δn和磁二向色性Δκ.实验结果表明：随着磁场H增强或颗粒体积分数φ_v增大,Δn和Δκ增加.所制备的磁性液体的磁双折射和磁二向色性来源于在磁场作用下,磁性液体中的磁性纳米颗粒由分散体系形成了场致链结构.     

二乙胺六氯化锡(IV)的合成、结构及介电开关特性

本研究合成了化合物二乙胺六氯化锡 [Et₂NH₂]₂⁺[SnCl₆]^2- (1)并对其进行了单晶X-射线衍射, DSC以及变温介电性能测试。研究结果表明,化合物1在高于370 K时发生了可逆一级相变,其相变过程与六氯化锡阴离子的各向同性旋转以及二乙胺阳离子的180°翻转运动有关。对应于该相变过程,化合物1可以实现高低介电状态转换,因而有望成为一种新型的高温分子基介电开关材料。     

含三联吡啶基团的聚三苯胺类电致变色薄膜的制备及性能研究

以4-甲酰基三苯胺和2-乙酰基吡啶为原料合成了配体TPAtpy，再与二价钴离子配位制备配合物Co (TPAtpy)₂，最后在ITO玻璃表面采用电化学聚合制备了两种电致变色薄膜poly-TPAtpy和poly-Co (TPAtpy)₂。由于Co (Ⅱ)金属离子与有机配体之间有较强的相互作用，金属配位聚合物具有更好的稳定性，poly-Co (TPAtpy)₂比poly-TPAtpy表现出更好的电致变色性质，poly-Co (TPAtpy)₂的光学对比度高达76.5％（750 nm），着色效率高达570.1 cm²/C，响应时间较短(着色时间：12.8 s；褪色时间1.8 s)。     

GL2(C)的一些不可约表示

设G=GL₂(C), 并且B是G的标准Borel子群, 并且CG, CB分别是群G和群B的在复数域C上的群代数.对于任意B的特征标θ, 定义G的离散诱导模M(θ) = CG×_CBθ. 证明了当θ是反支配权时,M(θ)是个不可约表示.由此给出了一类GL₂(C)全新的、无限维的不可约表示.     

小桐子生物碱粗提物杀虫抑菌活性的初步研究

目的 为了探索小桐子综合开发利用的价值,对小桐子生物碱粗提物杀虫抑菌活性进行初步研究。方法 以攀西地区2种农业主要害虫（甘蓝蚜虫、菜青虫）和3种病原菌（石榴干腐病菌、苹果腐烂病菌和草莓灰霉病菌）为试验材料,采用点滴法和生长速率法对小桐子生物碱粗提物的杀虫抑菌活性进行了生物测定。结果 在杀虫活性方面,小桐子生物碱粗提物对同翅目甘蓝蚜虫和鳞翅目菜青虫均具有较高触杀活性,其LC₅₀值范围为42.247 8~46.249 7 mg/L,LC₉₀值范围为331.714 0~342.491 7 mg/L,总体上与2.5%溴氰菊酯EC的杀虫效果相当;在抑制病原真菌方面,小桐子生物碱粗提物对石榴干腐病菌、苹果腐烂病菌和草莓灰霉病菌的EC₅₀分别为 70.635 5、52.400 6和133.412 2mg/L,其抑菌效果一定程度上优于对照药剂50%多菌灵WP。结论 小桐子提取物有较强的杀虫抑菌作用,在植物源农药的开发方面具有良好的应用前景。     

基于第一性原理对U3O8 的磁性和动力学性质的研究

基于第一性原理的密度泛函理论, 分别用(GGA) 和GGA+U方法对U₃O₈ 的磁性和动力学性质做了一定的研究,此外,在研究磁性的过程中,GGA+ U+ SO方法也被考虑其中. 优化得到的不同磁性态下的晶格参数和能量均与实验值吻合的非常好. 用铁磁和反铁磁下的能量差, E = E_AFM- E_FM, 作为磁性判断的一个标准, 计算发现U₃O₈的顺磁态为其基态. 对于动力学性质的研究, 不同于以往研究所采用的D_3d³点群, 本文采用C_2v晶体点群, 对U₃O₈的光谱属性重新进行归属和更正, 得到了与实验值基本一致的结果.     

磁珠提取技术在副溶血弧菌检测中的应用

副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)是一种常见的食源性致病菌,为解决副溶血弧菌检测步骤复杂且周期长的问题,研究开发了一种磁珠提取与PCR联用技术快速检测食品中的副溶血弧菌。首先通过碱性共沉淀法完成Fe₃O₄磁珠的制备,随后在室温条件下通过水解正硅酸乙酯完成Fe₃O₄@SiO₂磁珠制备。探讨了正硅酸乙酯添加量对Fe₃O₄@SiO₂磁珠粒径和磁性的影响。以DNA提取能力为目标,已知浓度DNA为提取对象,分析了Fe₃O₄@SiO₂磁珠粒径和提取体系pH值对Fe₃O₄@SiO₂磁珠与DNA结合能力的影响。结果表明,Fe₃O₄@SiO₂磁珠结合副溶血弧菌DNA的较佳粒径为105.89nm、Fe₃O₄@SiO₂磁珠的SiO₂层为25nm,此条件下Fe₃O₄@SiO₂磁珠表面光滑、分散性良好、饱和磁化强度高,在磁场的作用下10s即可完成副溶血弧菌DNA与杂质的分离,副溶血弧菌DNA的提取率高达80%(提取体系pH值为5.0)。采用优化后的Fe₃O₄@SiO₂磁珠进行DNA提取,结合PCR联用技术,对92份市售水产样品(32份对虾、25份牡蛎、35份贻贝)进行副溶血弧菌筛查。结果表明,Fe₃O₄@SiO₂磁珠提取的DNA均可直接用于PCR检测,被测水产样品中有17份样本的副溶血弧菌检测结果为阳性。此技术与国标检测方法(GB 4789.7—2013)相比,检测时间由一周缩短至4h,提高了副溶血弧菌的检测效率。磁珠提取结合PCR联用技术可检测不同食品中的多种微生物菌种,此研究为食品中的微生物快速检测提供了一种实用新方法。     

I-gel喉罩下七氟烷吸入全麻在新生儿短小手术中的应用

目的 评价I-gel喉罩下七氟烷吸入全麻在新生儿短小手术中的应用效果。方法 选择行短小手术的新生儿40例,随机均分为I-gel喉罩组（A组）和气管插管组（B组）,每组20例。七氟烷吸入诱导完成后,A组患儿置入I-gel喉罩,B组患儿插入气管导管,成功后行控制呼吸,七氟烷维持麻醉。结果 两组患儿插管（或喉罩）的成功率无显著差异;但A组患儿喉罩置入所需时间显著短于B组患儿的插管所需时间（P<0.05）。T₁时A组患儿MAP、HR较B组明显降低（P<0.05）;T₁~T₃时,两组患儿气道峰压、气道密封压、SPO₂、P_ETCO₂均在正常范围内,且两组患儿SpO₂、P_ETCO₂差异无统计学意义。A组患儿拔除喉罩后哭声嘶哑、呛咳、有血性分泌物发生率明显小于B组（P<0.05）,两组患儿均未发生反流误吸。结论 I-gel喉罩下七氟烷吸入全麻用于新生儿短小手术,方便快捷,通气效果好,置入成功率高,不良反应少。     

铝含量对B2铁铝空位浓度和硬度的影响

[目的]铁铝合金在高温结构材料、加热元件等方面有广泛的应用,对其强化和韧化机理的研究对设计和开发新型铁铝基高温合金具有重要意义。[方法]采用真空熔炼方法制备不同铝含量的铁铝合金,经过不同的退火温度热处理后,用XRD方法测量其晶格常数,确定其X射线密度,采用阿基米德法测量其体密度,从而确定其空位浓度;用显微硬度计测量其硬度。[结果]空位浓度随着铝含量的增加而增加,随热处理温度的升高合金中空位浓度增加;显微硬度随铝含量的增加或热处理温度的升高而增大。[结论]随着铝含量的增加,空位形成能下降,空位浓度增加;随着热处理温度的升高,合金中空位浓度增大;合金显微硬度增大主要是由于空位浓度增加对位错的阻碍作用增强所致。显微硬度与空位浓度的关系可近似表示为H_V=1.922+2.179C_Vac^1/2。     

钙钛矿La0.7CexBa0.3-xMnO3的磁热性能研究

【目的】通过固相反应法制备La_(0.7)Ce_xBa_(0.3-x)MnO_3(x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)的钙钛矿锰氧化物,研究Ce元素的不同掺杂量对原体系磁热性能的影响。通过Ce元素的掺杂,来调节原体系过高的居里温度以及改善体系的磁热性能。【方法】通过X射线粉末衍射的方式确定其单相结构,并使用振动样品磁强计对钙钛矿样品进行磁性能的测试。【结果】La0.7CexBa0.3-xMnO3(x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)的居里温度分别为342.1K,319.8K,270.0K,244.3K和199.7K。在0~2T的外磁场下,该体系的最大磁熵变分别为2.54J/(kg·K),2.32J/(kg·K),2.51J/(kg·K),2.03J/(kg·K)和1.87J/(kg·K),且最大磁熵变都在居里温度附近。【结论】随着Ce元素掺杂量的增加,化合物居里温度逐渐降低;而最大磁熵变则呈先减小后增大又减小的趋势。同时由Arrott曲线判断这5个样品的相变都是二级相变。当Ce元素的掺杂量为0.05~0.10时,该体系的居里温度在室温附近,且最大磁熵变仍保持较大的值。     

Synthesis,characterization and photoluminescence of aluminum <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-aryloxo functionalized <Emphasis Type="Italic">β</Emphasis>-ketoiminate complexes

The synthesis, characterization and luminescent properties of aluminum complexes containing a dianionic N-aryloxo functionalized β-ketoiminate ligand are presented. 4-(2-Hydroxy-5-R-phenyl)imino-2-pentanone (R = Me, L¹H₂; R = tert-butyl, L²H₂) ligands reacted with AlEt₃ in tetrahydrofuran to give the aluminum complexes (L¹AlEt)₂ (1) and (L²AlEt)₂ (2) in reasonable isolated yields. X-ray diffraction revealed that complexes 1 and 2 have solvent-free centrosymmetric dimeric structures, and each aluminum center has distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry. At room temperature, complexes 1 and 2 exhibit blue photoluminescence in acetonitrile with maximum emission wavelengths of 419 and 413 nm, respectively.     

Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Spin-Liquid Tb2Ti2O7

Polycrystalline samples of a novel spin-liquid compound Tb2Ti2O7 were prepared by a standard solid-state reaction. X-ray diffraction at room temperature confirms that the synthesized compound of Tb2Ti2O7 is single phase with cubic unit cell constant a0 of 1.015 44 nm. Magnetic susceptibility measurements in the temperature range between 100 and 300 K give an effective moment of 9.44 μB and Curie-Weiss temperature of 12.68 K, respectively, indicating the dominance of antiferromagnetic interactions. However, below 50 K, the magnetic behavior of Tb2Ti2O7 deviates from Curie-Weiss law, whose origin remains suspicion.     

Half-sandwich β-diketonato complexes of zirconium and their application as catalysts to ethylene polymerization

The bis(β-diketonato) Zr complexes CpZr(acac)2Cl (acac = acetylacetonato) (1) and Cp*Zr(acac)2Cl (2) can be synthesized by the reac-tion of Cp′ZrCl3(Cp′ = Cp or Cp*) with 2 equiv of lith-ium acetylacetonate. CpZr(acac)2Cl (1) can be quan-titatively prepared by treatment of Cp2ZrCl2 with ex-cess acetylacetone. The tris(β-diketonato) Zr com-plex CpZr(tfac)3 (tfac = trisfluoroacetylacetonato) (3) has been prepared by treatment of CpZrCl3 with so-dium trisfluoroacetylacetonate. The replacement of both chlorine atoms and one Cp group from zir-conocene dichloride by nonfluorinated diketone,acetylacetone,readily occurs at room temperature in triethylamine medium,offering the tris(β-diketonato) Zr complex CpZr(acac)3 (4). The complexes were characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopic methods. In addition,the molecular structures of complexes 3 and 4 have been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. When activated by excess methylaluminoxane (MAO),these complexes were active for ethylene polymerization,offering polyethylenes with high mo-lecular weights and narrow molecular weight distribu-tions. Complex 4 showed a very high ethylene po-lymerization activity of up to 7100 kg PE/mol Zr·h at 5 atm. Complexes 1 and 2 were also active for ethyl-ene/1-hexene copolymerization.     

Syntheses,structure and photoluminescent properties of lanthanide oxalatosulfocarboxylate coordination polymers

Hydrothermal reactions of oxalic acid(H2ox) and 2-sulfobenzoic acid(H2L) with lanthanide oxide or hydroxide yielded five lanthanide oxalatosulfocarboxylates.They have a general formula [Ln2L2(ox)(H2O)6]n[Ln = La(1),Nd(2),Eu(3),Gd(4),Tb(5)].Their structures were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction,powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD),infrared(IR) spectroscopy,elemental analysis(EA),and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA).1-5 are isostructural coordination polymers and feature one-dimensional(1D) chains,which are extended into 3D supramolecular frameworks through inter-chain hydrogen bonds between coordinated H2O donors and oxygen acceptors from carboxylate,sulfonate and oxalate groups.In addition,the solid-state photoluminescence properties of the Nd(2),Eu(3) and Tb(5) derivatives have been measured at room temperature.The Eu and Tb-containing coordination polymers(CPs) exhibit intense red and green luminescence emissions,respectively,with lifetimes in the order of millisecond.     

(La0.9Dy0.1)2/3Ba1/3Mn1-xAlxO3(x=0,0.05)氧化物的结构与磁性

【目的】为改善(La_(0.9)Dy_(0.1))_(2/3)Ba_(1/3)Mn_(1-x)Al_xO_3的磁热性能,研究掺杂Al对其晶体结构、居里温度、相变类型以及磁热性能的影响。【方法】采用固相反应法制备锰氧化物(La_(0.9)Dy_(0.1))_(2/3)Ba_(1/3)Mn_(1-x)Al_xO_3(x=0,0.05)样品,利用X射线衍射法分析样品的结构,用振动样品磁强计测量样品的磁性。【结果】所制备样品均为单相钙钛矿结构,属于菱方晶系,空间群为R-3c(No.167)。掺杂Al使样品居里温度由无掺杂的274K降低到248K,在外加磁场变化为20kOe时最大磁熵变由2.16J/(kg·K)降低到1.85J/(kg·K)。样品的铁磁-顺磁相变属于二级相变。采用双交换作用机制解释了居里温度和磁化强度的变化。【结论】非磁性元素Al替代Mn不改变其晶体结构,稍微降低了锰氧化物的磁热性能。     

Analysis of magnetic mechanisms of 3d-doped ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductors by an abnormal peak on M-T curve

The crystallographic structures and magnetic properties of a Zn0.95Co0.05O thin film deposited on a C-sapphire substrate using a dual-beam pulsed laser deposition method were characterized. It was shown from crystallographic analysis that the film belongs to the wurtzite structure with the C-axis aligned with that of the substrate. Magnetic hysteresis loops were observed till up to room temperature. A small peak around 55 K was noticed on the magnetization vs. temperature curve. The corresponding temperature of the small peak is close to that of ‘the abnormal peak’ reported by X.M. Zhang et al. From the results obtained, no correlation was found between the abnormal peak and the quantum effects. The magnetic behaviors in the Zn0.95Co0.05O film cannot be explained by the ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic semiconductors. The magnetic mechanisms in ZnO-based diluted magnetic semiconductors are also discussed.     

Composite polymer electrolyte membranes supported by non-woven fabrics for lithium-ion polymer batteries

Since marketing in 1999, lithium-ion polymer batteryhas attracted great attention with its various merits such aslight weight, high energy density and good safety. Poly-mer electrolyte membrane, the key material for lith-ium-ion polymer battery, greatly influences the electro-chemical performances, and it is always among the fo-cuses of the lithium-ion polymer battery research field toprepare polymer gel electrolyte membranes of high ionicconductivity and good electrochemical stability[1]. …     

Thermodynamic characterization of two novel spin-crossover complexes

Spin-crossover complexes are of great interest to the scientists because of their potential application in molecular-based electronic devices. Some octahedral metal compounds with 3dn (4 ≤ n ≤ 7) configuration can induce a spin state conversion through a fine tuning condition (temperature, pressure, light irradiation, etc.). If the conversion occurs reversibly with a hystersis loop and color change, it will make the system possessing memory effect. The memory effect can be magnified and the …     

Measurement of Magnetization Curve and Magnetic Relaxation for 2H-NbSe2 Crystals

The characteristics of electronic transport properties: behaviors of magnetization curve and magnetic relaxation of a typical normal superconductor 2H-NbSe2 are investigated. The results show that Tc and △Tc of the samples are 7. 2,0. 18 K, indicating that superconducting energy gap at zero temperature is 1. 1 meV. No fish tail shape is found in the magnetization curves at several temperatures. The relationship between remnant magnetic moment and time reveals that the magnetic flux creep of the sample agrees with the Kim-Anderson thermal activation model with the relaxation rate S=0.000 36 at T=6 K.