UV/O3氧化邻苯二甲酸二甲酯溶液研究

邻苯二甲酸二甲酯为环境优先控制污染物。本文采用紫外光—臭氧氧化法、单纯紫外光照及单纯臭氧氧化法处理邻苯二甲酸二甲酯废水。结果表明：单独紫外光照及单独臭氧化对邻苯二甲酸二酯防溶液的TOC去除率很低，紫外光催化臭氧化可加速有机物的矿化。UV/O3较单独臭氧化TOC由单独臭氧化的33％可提高到100％。在同样时间条件下，UV／O3、单独O3、单独UV三者对邻苯二甲酸二甲酯矿化作用由大至小为：UV／O3、O3、UV。     

活性炭负载铈催化臭氧氧化去除水中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的研究

用浸渍法在活性炭上负载铈制备催化剂（Ce/AC），并用XRD和SEM对其进行了表征．考察了Ce负载量、催化剂投加量对Ce/AC催化臭氧氧化降解邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMP）的影响．结果表明，Ce/AC催化臭氧氧化降解DMP的优化参数是催化剂投加量1.5 g/L，Ce的负载量0.2 %．在优化条件下，Ce/AC加入有利于催化臭氧氧化DMP过程中TOC的去除．质量浓度30 mg/L（pH=5.0）DMP反应60 min后的TOC去除率由以AC为催化剂的48 %提高到68 %，而单独臭氧氧化过程中TOC去除率仅有22 %．     

催化剂载体对催化臭氧氧化活性的影响

为了制备高效稳定的催化臭氧氧化催化剂,研究了不同载体负载Ru催化剂催化臭氧氧化降解邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)的效果。结果表明:以Ru作为活性组分时,不适合采用SiO2载体;以Al2O3为载体的RuO2/Al2O3催化剂对有机物的吸附较少,催化作用明显,但是氧化过程中会产生铝溶出的问题;而以活性炭为载体的Ru/AC催化剂对有机物吸附能力较强,催化作用明显,具有很好的稳定性和较长的使用寿命,且催化过程中没有金属溶出的问题,是一种非常有潜力的催化臭氧氧化催化剂。     

催化剂载体对催化臭氧化活性的影响

为了制备高效稳定的催化臭氧氧化催化剂,研究了不同载体负载Ru催化剂催化臭氧氧化降解邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)的效果。结果表明:以Ru作为活性组分时,不适合采用SiO2载体;以Al2O3为载体的RuO2/Al2O3催化剂对有机物的吸附较少,催化作用明显,但是氧化过程中会产生铝溶出的问题;而以活性炭为载体的Ru/AC催化剂对有机物吸附能力较强,催化作用明显,具有很好的稳定性和较长的使用寿命,且催化过程中没有金属溶出的问题,是一种非常有潜力的催化臭氧氧化催化剂。     

锰基催化剂催化臭氧氧化有机污染物研究

为制备连续流条件下具有高活性和稳定性的臭氧氧化催化剂,采用氧化还原沉淀法制备了锰基负载型催化剂(Mn-CeOx/γ-Al2O3、Mn-FeOx/γ-Al2O3、Mn-CoOx/γ-Al2O3),对其进行表征分析,考察催化剂在苯酚降解过程中的催化活性和稳定性,探究催化臭氧氧化反应机理.结果表明:连续流中n(Mn)/n(Ce)为2:1的Mn-CeOx/γ-Al2O3在催化臭氧氧化降解苯酚时催化活性最佳,TOC去除率达到80.2％,水力停留时间3.3 min、气相臭氧浓度10.3 mg·L-1、溶液初始pH 9为最佳反应条件.经过6次重复实验后苯酚的TOC去除率仍高达79.6％,溶液中活性组分溶出量几乎可以忽略不计.Mn-CeOx/γ-Al2O3催化剂在催化臭氧氧化降解草酸、对硝基酚的过程中也表现出较高的矿化效率,T OC去除率在77％ ～83％,该催化剂具有广谱适用性.电子顺磁共振波谱证明催化臭氧氧化反应体系中产生的活性氧物种为瞯OH,Ce的引入有利于提高Mn-CeOx/γ-Al2O3催化剂中Mn4+与晶格氧的含量.     

天然水体主要本底成分对催化臭氧氧化草酸的影响

采用浸渍法制备了Fe2O3负载活性炭（Fe2O3/AC）催化剂,考察了Fe2O3/AC催化臭氧氧化草酸的活性以及天然水体主要本底成分对Fe2O3/AC催化臭氧氧化草酸的影响. 结果表明,臭氧氧化草酸过程中Fe2O3/AC显示了良好的催化活性,草酸的去除主要基于催化贡献. HCO3-、CO32-及腐殖酸对Fe2O3/AC催化臭氧氧化草酸体系均有抑制作用. HCO3-和CO32-加入使催化臭氧氧化体系pH升高,进而降低Fe2O3/AC催化臭氧氧化草酸的活性. 此外,HCO3-和CO32-也是羟基自由基抑制剂,HCO3-、CO32-对体系的抑制作用从侧面验证Fe2O3/AC催化臭氧氧化草酸遵循羟基自由基机理. 腐殖酸加入体系后,与草酸形成竞争吸附和竞争氧化,从而抑制草酸的降解.     

连串一级反应的胶束催化研究

建立了连串一级反应的胶束催化模型，用此模处理邻苯二甲酸二甲酯在表面活性剂ＣＴＡＢ，ＳＤＳ和ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００三种胶束溶液中的碱性水解反应，获得了胶束相中的反应速率常数。     

苯甲醛的超声间接电合成

在 Mn（Ⅱ）在铅电极上超声电氧化机理研究的基础上,初步进行了苯甲醛超声间接电氧化合成,发现在相同的氧化时间内电解 Mn（Ⅱ）时,超声氧化较未超声时 Mn（Ⅱ）的转化率有所提高,利用 Mn（Ⅲ）合成苯甲醛时,施加超声明显地缩短了合成反应时间,同时产率有所提高.     

染色废水臭氧氧化催化剂研制及其应用性能

臭氧处理染料废水脱色效果显著，研究了自制的臭氧氧化脱色催化剂在处理染料废水中的应用。结果表明，过渡金属氧化物NiO、CuO、Fe2O3、Ag2O和MnO中，NiO具有较高催化活性。将NiO应用于6种染料溶液的臭氧净化处理中的结果表明，NiO催化臭氧氧化在CODcr去除率方面均比未催化臭氧氧化试样明显提高。     

Fe-Mn-MCM-41分子筛催化臭氧氧化控制含溴水中溴酸盐的生成

采用水热法合成铁、锰双金属掺杂MCM-41(Fe-Mn-MCM-41),并将其用于控制催化臭氧氧化含溴水体中溴酸盐,研究了初始pH、叔丁醇（TBA）、磷酸盐等对溴酸盐抑制效果的影响. 结果表明,当溶液初始pH为5.0～9.0时,溴酸盐生成量随pH值升高而增加, pH = 5.0时催化剂对溴酸盐的抑制率达到85.9%.叔丁醇（TBA）的加入使单独臭氧氧化与催化臭氧氧化中溴酸盐生成量明显降低,当加入0.1 mM TBA后,溴酸盐分别减少67.7%和81.1%. 磷酸盐的加入（1、5、10 mg/L）会降低溴酸盐生成量,当加入1 mg/L磷酸盐时,单独臭氧氧化与催化臭氧氧化两种体系中,溴酸盐抑制率分别达到29.6%和82.5%. 此外,还研究了体系中生成的HOBr与H2O2浓度,结果表明,单独臭氧氧化中次溴酸浓度高于催化臭氧氧化过程,说明催化臭氧氧化过程是通过阻止Br-氧化生成HOBr/OBr-抑制溴酸盐生成; Fe-Mn-MCM-41/O3中的H2O2浓度高于O3过程,而H2O2是一种溴酸盐抑制物,证明了催化剂的加入可以提高对溴酸盐的抑制率. 因此,Fe-Mn-MCM-41是一种可用于控制含溴水体中溴酸盐生成的臭氧氧化催化剂.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.