Branched alkanes with quaternary carbon atoms in Chinese soils： Potential environmental implications

Biomarkers, which can be used as proxy for the re- construction of paleoenvironments[1], paleoclimate[2],and origin of sedimentary organic matter, are com- monly used in the study of marine sediments[3], lake and peat deposits[4―6], ice and snow[7], pale…     

Geochemistry and zircon U-Pb ages of granulite xenolith from Tuoyun basalts, Xinjiang： Implications for the petrogenesis and the lower crustal nature beneath the southwestern Tianshan

The continental lithosphere growth mainly includes the horizontal accretion at the plate boundaries and vertical accretion within the plate[1]. Mafic magmatic materials, as the products of crust-mantle interaction[2,3], became more and more important in studying the formation and evolu- tion of the lower crust. The previous geologic researcheson Tianshan, extending nearly 2500 km from east to west, and the neighbor area were mainly focused on the Paleozoic collision structure[4 ― 6], Mesozoi…     

Pollen Morphology of Artemisia L. and Its Systematic Significance

0　IntroductionThe morphological researches on the pollen grainof Artemisia can be oddly seen in overseas re ports (Woodhouse[1,2], Erdtman[3,4], Ikuse[5], Ska varla and Larson[6], Singh and Joshi[7], Praglows ki[8], Rowley[9] et al). Researchers in…     

Expression of chromatin modification genes in organs of cloned cattle that died within hours after birth

Several mammalian species including sheep[1,2], bo- vine[3], goats[4], mice[5], pigs[6], cat[7] and rabbits[8], have been successfully cloned by somatic nuclear transfer (NT), but the efficiency of this process is poor, with only a small proportion of the…     

Obtained transgenic wheat expressing pac1 mediated by Agrobacterium is resistant against Barley yellow dwarf virus-GPV

At present, genes used to transform wheat for the virus resistance are mostly from the virus, such as coat protein gene[1,2], replicase gene[3] and movement gene[4], and transformed wheat with these genes showed resis-tance to the corresponding virus. How…     

Electrochemical Behavior and Determination of Trifluoperazine at Decanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayer Modified Gold Electrodes

0　IntroductionTrifluoperazine is a derivative of phenothiazine. It hasneuroleptic and antidepressive actions, hence has beenwidely used in the treatment of psychotic patients[1]. As it hassuch function and application, trifluoperazine’s characteristicsand detection methods were studied by means of spectropho tometry[2], capillary zone electrophoresis[3], titrimetry[4],fluorometry[5], high performance liquid chromatographyetc[6]. Because of the electroactivity of trifluoperaz…     

Reaction of CH radical with O<Subscript>2</Subscript> by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy

The Methylidyne radical, CH, plays a crucial role in several complex environments such as planetary atmos- pheres and interstellar clouds, and is one of the most im- portant and active intermediate in hydrocarbon flames[1]. The CH involving reactions, including chemiionization, oxidation of hydrocarbons, the soot formation[2—5], and especially the formation of prompt NO[6], are of funda- mental interest in combustion chemistry, owing to the high reactivity and the large enthalpy of formatio…     

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MODIFIED STARCH-BASED BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS REINFORCED WITH PULP FIBER

INTRODUCTIONThe developments of environmentally friendly polymeric are classified into two categories: the degradable synthetic polymers (PCL [1- 2], PLA and PVA [3], etc.) and the renewable natural polymers (chitin, pectin, cellulose [4-7] and starch [8], etc.) Among these, starch has been considered for many years as a polymer with a high potential for packaging application because of low cost, renewability and biodegradability. It usually has two major components and appears as a mi…     

SHRIMP U-Pb zircon ages for the UHP metamorphosed granitoid gneiss in Altyn Tagh and their geological significance

Different types of UHP metamorphic rocks havebeen recently discovered in the Altyn Tagh[1—4], the north-ern margin of Qadam Basin[5—7], the southwestern Tian-shan Mountains[8,9] and the northern Qinling Moun-tains[10,11] in Central and Western China. And these areashave attracted focus attention of geologists at home andabroad to the studying of UHP metamorphism and conti-nental deep subduction. However, as newly discoveredUHP metamorphic terranes, some questions have beenarisen abou…     

Annual precipitation fields secular variation over global land areas for 1948—2000

In contrast to global temperature, fewer studies have been contributed to global precipitation. There are nu-merous efforts devoted to the problem, including Gruza[1], Diaz et al.[2], Bradley et al.[3], Vinnikov et al.[4] and Hulme[5], in which the global precipitation was addressed simply in the context of data in the 1980s, sometime be-fore that and the early 1990s[6—8]. More recently, studies have involved data around 1997 but on a local basis. Evi-dently, the problem of secular variatio…     

IR study on hydrogen bonding in epoxy resin–silica nanocomposites

The chemical and physical interactions between ingredients in composites play an important role in the improvement of service properties. The nucleophilic addition between polymer and isophoron diisocyanate molecules was monitored by FT-IR technique. The intensity loss of isocyanate absorption band in conjunction with the intensity growth of carboxyl absorption band indicates the progress of reaction. FT-IR spectroscopy was also adopted to examine the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of epoxy resin with silica as well as intramolecular one within polymer matrix. The vibration frequency of carboxyl group （-C=O） and hydroxyl group （-OH） shifts from 1736 to 1728 cm^-1and 3420 to 3414 cm^-1, respectively, indicating the occurrence of hydrogen bonding between -C=O and -OH. The vibration frequency of Si-OH moves from 3435 to 3414 cm^-1, suggesting the involvement of silica. Whereas the vibration frequency of pending -OH in polymer chain moves from 3435 to 3420 cm^-1 or 3414 cm^-1, proposing that this kind of interaction can also happen within polymer matrix.     

H convergence rates of solutions of GBBM equations in multi-dimensional spaces

In this paper, we study the decay rates of the generalized Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equations in n-dimensional space. By using Fourier analysis for long wave and by applying the energy method for short wave, we obtain the H^m convergence rates of the solutions when the initial data are in the bounded subset of the phase space H^m(Rⁿ)(n3). The optimal decay rates are obtained in our results and are found to be the same as the Heat equation.     

Effect of excessive Internet use on the time-frequency characteristic of EEG

We examined the effect of excessive Internet use on the time–frequency characteristic of the electroencephalogram by wavelet transformed and non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). The event-related potentials (ERP) of normal subjects and excessive Internet users were acquired using the oddball paradigm experiment. We applied the wavelet transformed and event-related spectral perturbation to ERP in order to extract the time–frequency values. The F-test statistics of time–frequency values were then decomposed into two components by NMF. Excessive Internet use resulted in a significant decrease in the P300 amplitudes (P < 0.05) and a significant increase in the P300 latency (P < 0.05) in all electrodes. The major effect of excessive Internet use on gamma oscillation occurred at 300 ms after stimuli at 40–50 Hz on the parietal central region. Thus, these data suggest that excessive Internet use affects information coding and integration in the brain.     

Colonization of periphytic ciliated protozoa on an artificial substrate in mariculture waters with notes on responses to environmental factors

Colonization of periphytic ciliates and their usefulness for monitoring water quality were evaluated using the glass slide method in two enclosed mariculture ponds used to culture crab larva and in a natural seawater reservoir. The results revealed that (1) the ciliate species composition and colonizing process differed between the culturing ponds and the natural reservoir and (2) the dominant ciliate species showed a greater distribution in terms of both the abundance and the occurrence frequency. This study also demonstrated that structural parameters were strongly related to water conditions. For example, the abundance was positively associated with and soluble reactive phosphate (P < 0.05), whereas the species number, species diversity and evenness were negatively correlated with nutrients (e.g. and NH₃–N) and temperature (P < 0.05). These findings support the evidence that periphytic ciliates are useful bioindicators of water quality in enclosed mariculture ecosystems.     

Compressibility of a natural kyanite to 17.5 GPa

The compressional behaviour of a natural kyanite, (Al_1.99Fe_0.01)SiO₅, has been investigated to about 17.5 GPa at 300 K using a diamond-anvil cell and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The pressure–volume data fitted to the third-order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state (EoS) yield an isothermal bulk modulus (K_0T) of 192 ± 6 GPa and pressure derivative () of 6 ± 1. When is fixed as 4, the derived K_0T is 201 ± 2 GPa. These values are in excellent agreement with most experimental determinations in the literature. Consequently, it can be concluded that the compressibility of kyanite under high pressures has been accurately constrained.     

低预应力钢带箍加固钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能研究

对3根采用低预应力钢带箍约束加固的钢筋混凝土柱及2根对比柱进行拟静力试验,研究较高轴压比下加固柱的抗震性能.试验主要参数为轴压比和钢带箍的布置,通过试验研究了约束柱和对比柱的承载力、滞回特性和延性等重要抗震性能指标.试验结果表明,横向低预应力钢带箍能够有效抑制较高轴压比下约束柱斜向裂缝的发展,扩大塑性铰的范围,提高柱的变形能力,使得约束柱抗震性能得到较大程度提高.     

基于MIDAS Gen的多层钢筋混凝土框架结构倒塌数值模拟分析

汶川地震中大量钢筋混凝土(reinforced concrete, RC)框架结构破坏严重,极震区其倒塌率却远超过多层砖混结构。2022年9月以来,四川频发地震,为重新探讨倒塌机理及抗震性能,本文研究通过实地震害及多层RC框架结构破坏形式,结合数值模型并应用MIDAS Gen有限元计算方法,研究了RC框架结构的倒塌机理、地震响应分析。结果表明：框架柱的破坏与屈服是RC框架倒塌的主要因素,模拟增设填充墙,当地震烈度达到10度时,层间位移角大约1/46,降低柱的轴压比,提高柱的破坏延性,增大结构的极限抗侧能力,起到抗震第一道防线的作用,避免整体屈服破坏。     

基于性能的RC框架结构现浇板式楼梯抗震性能评估

根据已有楼梯抗震试验结果,给出梯段板抗震性能水平及其量化指标;建立框架结构层间位移角与梯段板抗震性能指标之间的关系,并进行楼梯抗震性能宏观评价;基于梯段板、梯柱、与休息平台直接相连的框架柱等楼梯构件,给出既有RC框架结构板式楼梯抗震性能评估的具体方法和步骤.     

Prediction of Flexural Deformation of Reinforcement Concrete Beams with Polynomial Tension Stiffening Model

Based on an assumption of parabolic bond stress distribution,a simplified model with quartic polynomial function of the relative slip of steel bar and surrounding concrete for reinforced concrete (RC)tensile member was proposed. The post-cracking behavior as well as tension stiffening effect was considered in the new model. The relative slip of bending member could also be determined through the extension of the new model,which could be applied to obtaining the concentrated rotations at certain sections in order to predict the flexural deformation of RC beam. Several examples of four-point bending RC beams were approached to verify the new model,and the predictions of the flexural deflections of RC beams agreed well with experimental results. The new model can be extended to the application of partially corroded RC beam.     

Seismic performance evaluation for super-long span cable-stayed bridges

Based on the capacity/demand （C/D） analysis of bridge components, and life cycle and performance based seismic design principles, a practical approach is developed for the seismic performance evaluation of super-long span cable-stayed bridges. According to the approach, the seismic performance evaluation of the Sutong Bridge, which is a cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 1 088 m, is completed, and the practicality of the approach is validated. The earthquake resistance level for super-long span cable-stayed bridges is discussed, including the earthquake level, its corresponding structural performance and check indices. And a set of formula for capacity/demand ratio calculation of bridge components is proposed.