Mn对喷射沉积Al-25Si-xFe-yMn合金中Fe相的影响

通过喷射沉积工艺制备了Al-25Si-xFe-yMn(Mn/Fe质量比在0～1之间)系列合金的沉积坯,利用SEM、XRD和EDX对这些沉积坯的微观组织进行分析.结果表明,添加Mn元素,将生成颗粒状的α-Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si2,取代了针状的δ-Al4FeSi2和β-Al5FeSi相,从而显著地改善高硅铝合金中的Fe相的形貌,并且随着Mn/Fe质量比的提高,沉积坯中颗粒状的α-Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si2含量也增加,而针状相的含量却减少,当Mn/Fe质量比增加到0.83或1时,在沉积坯中只发现颗粒状的α-Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si2.     

过共晶铝硅合金中Al-Si-Mn-Fe相的形态影响因素

在 Al- 2 2 % Si合金中分别加入 0 .96 % Fe,0 .6 7% Mn和 1% Fe,1.5 0 % Mn;用浇注不同厚度的试样并观察金相组织的方法 ,了解和比较了不同 Mn/ Fe比和不同冷却速度对于合金中 Al- Si- Mn- Fe相形态的影响。研究结果表明 ,随着 Mn含量和冷却速度的提高 ,针状铁相转变为粒状并得到细化。     

铸态和沉积态Al-25Si-5Fe-3Cu合金的显微组织与相形成

采用常规铸造和喷射成形工艺制备了含硅达25%(质量分数)的过共晶Al-Si合金,利用SEM(EDS)、XRD和DSC等分析方法对合金的显微组织和相熔解析出进行了分析研究.结果表明,铸态合金含有粗大块状初晶Si相和粗大针片状含铁相,而喷射成形工艺能够使二者的尺寸、形貌发生改变而有利于合金性能的提高.同时,铸态和沉积态合金中均含有基体Al、初晶Si和Al2Cu相,不同的是铸态合金中含铁相主要为δ-Al4FeSi2相,而沉积态合金中以β-Al5FeSi相为主.分析其原因主要是糊状层的存在引起沉积坯冷却速度降低而导致沉积坯中发生δ-Al4FeSi2相的转变及共晶组织增加,致使沉积态合金中β-Al5FeSi相为主要含铁相.采用DSC实验对沉积态合金在熔化和凝固过程中发生的反应进行了讨论.     

过共晶Al-Si-xLa合金温度阻尼行为

研究了过共晶Al-Si-xLa合金在不同频率下的阻尼—温度行为.Al-Si合金通过常规的铸造和喷射成型工艺制备,并采用动态热机械分析仪(DMTA)对Al-Si合金阻尼行为进行研究.结果表明,各实验合金不同频率下阻尼随温度的变化规律相同.阻尼缓慢增加到300℃后开始迅速增大.用G-L位错阻尼理论、晶界阻尼、界面阻尼对这种阻尼行为进行了解释.铸态下,添加适量La(质量分数0.003,0.01)对过共晶Al-Si合金的阻尼有提高作用,La过量后反而对阻尼不利.喷射成形态Al-17Si-xLa合金的阻尼与La含量并无明显相关关系.喷射成形工艺对Al-17Si体系合金的阻尼无明显影响.     

变质和热处理对过共晶Al-Si类合金组织与性能的影响

对分别由P变质和P-Sr复合双重变质的过共晶Al-Si类合金进行挤压铸造,将这两种铸件在T6处理前后的组织和性能作了试验对比。同时讨论了P变质和热处理对合金中Si相形态的影响,提出了在铸造冷速度较快的条件下,用P变质细化初晶Si,而以热处理粒化共晶Si来改善该类合金性能的工艺方法。     

基于正交试验对铸造铝合金电导率和抗拉强度影响规律的分析

挑选了铝合金中常用的9种合金元素,根据这些元素对铝合金物理性能和微观组织的影响规律和影响机制进行了分类。通过设计四因素三变量正交试验分析了这些合金元素对Al-7Si合金导电性能和抗拉强度的影响规律,为开发兼具高导电(热)性能和高强度铸造铝合金提供了有价值的工艺参考。通过对比发现,Sr元素能有效将共晶Si相变质为纤维状,这有利于合金电导率的提升;质量分数为0.6%的Fe也能适当提升合金的电导率。Sb元素能有效将共晶Si相变质为细小片状,这有利于合金抗拉强度的提升;质量分数为0.5%的Ni或0.5%的Zn也能适当提升合金的抗拉强度。Sr和Sb同时加入合金中,共晶Si相的变质效果会恶化,并导致粗大片状共晶Si相析出。     

稀土变质与液态过热对共晶Al-Si合金凝固组织的影响

采用稀土对共晶成分的 ZL 10 2合金进行变质处理 ,并对经稀土变质的铝合金熔体进行过热处理 ,用显微镜和扫描电镜对处理后的合金组织进行分析研究。试验结果表明 ,在金属型铸造条件下加入质量分数为 0 .4%～ 0 .8%的稀土对共晶Al-Si合金具有良好的变质效果 ,而在 960～ 10 60℃下的过热处理能使 RE变质后的共晶 Al-Si合金中的 Si相进一步细化 ,从而获得良好的凝固组织。     

铝硅(Al-Si)合金磨损行为的研究

研究了亚共晶、共晶、过共晶Al-Si合金在润滑条件下的磨损行为,探讨了三类合金的磨损失效机理,得出提高Si含量是提高Al-Si合金耐磨性的有效途径。     

过共晶Al-Si-xLa合金温度阻尼行为

研究了过共晶Al-Si-xLa舍金在不同频率下的阻尼-温度行为．Al-Si合金通过常规的铸造和喷射成形工艺制备,并采用动态热机械分析仪(DMTA)对Al-Si合金阻尼行为进行研究．结果表明,各实验合金不同频率下阻尼随温度的变化规律相同．阻尼缓慢增加到300℃后开始迅速增大．用G-L位错阻尼理论、晶界阻尼、界面阻尼对这种阻尼行为进行了解释．铸态下,添加适量La(质量分数0．003,0．01)对过共晶Al-Si合金的阻尼有提高作用,La过量后反而对阻尼不利．喷射成形态Al-17Si-xLa合金的阻尼与La含量并无明显相关关系．喷射成形工艺对Al-17Si体系合金的阻尼无明显影响．     

Mn对镁合金中杂质元素Si分布的影响

为了研究Mn元素对镁合金中杂质元素Si去除效果的影响,使用热力学与动力学模拟软件Pandat从理论上计算了最佳Mn添加量为2.5%(质量分数),通过静置保温工艺制备了Mg-2.5%Mn合金,采用X射线荧光光谱分析(XRF)、金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等检测了合金的成分、组织和物相等。研究结果表明:合金中的杂质元素Si与Mn形成密度较大的含Si、Mn的化合物,化合物在静置过程中沉降到合金底部,合金底部杂质Si的含量很高,质量分数达到0.074 1%,顶部杂质Si含量很少(质量分数为0.013 0%),中部几乎为0。Mn的添加可以有效地去除镁合金的杂质元素Si和Fe。     

熔盐电解法制取Al-Si合金

按照工业铝电解生产的方式,采用Na3AlF6 Al2O3体系作为支持电解质,加入SiO2,在熔融状态下电解,得到Al Si合金·利用扫描电镜对产物的形貌和化学成分进行了分析,结果表明合金中Si的含量可达到30%以上,为过共晶产物·结晶Si的形貌是典型的针片状·此产品可作为母合金使用·根据实验结果,对熔盐电解法制备Al Si母合金的机理进行了讨论,认为Al Si合金的生成是由于两种机制共同作用的结果:Al还原了SiO2中的Si,构成Al Si合金;Si与Al同时在阴极析出,形成Al Si合金·保持Al2O3及SiO2的浓度,电解可始终进行·此法可以作为一种新的合金生产方式在实际中应用·     

Regulating microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Fe-Ni alloys

Mechanical properties of Al-Fe-Ni eutectic alloys have been investigated based on the nominal mass fraction of eutectic phase,and the added Fe/Ni mass ratio.The X-Ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope have been used to identify phase composition,characterize microstructure and crystal structure of Al_9FeNi phase,respectively.The results demonstrate that the nominal mass fraction of eutectic phase control the presence of primary phase.The tensile strength slightly increases,and the ductility deteriorates sharply as the volume fraction of primary phase increases.The Fe/Ni mass ratio has the profound effect on the microstructures(i.e.,size and shape) of primary phase.When the Fe/Ni ratio is approaching to 1,the primary phase becomes rod-like shape,which can enhance the ductility of alloys over the flake-like phase.The increasing cooling rate can effectively reduce the eutectic grains size and primary phase fraction,and further significantly improve mechanical properties of the alloys.     

Effects of high-pressure rheo-squeeze casting on the Fe-rich phases and mechanical properties of Al-17Si-(1,1.5)Fe alloys

The effects of high pressure rheo-squeeze casting (HPRC) on the Fe-rich phases (FRPs) and mechanical properties of Al-17Si-(1,1.5)Fe alloys were investigated. The alloy melts were first treated by ultrasonic vibration (UV) and then formed by high-pressure squeeze casting (HPSC). The FRPs in the as-cast HPSC Al-17Si-1Fe alloys only contained a long, needle-shaped β-Al₅FeSi phase at 0 MPa. In addition to the β-Al₅FeSi phase, the HPSC Al-17Si-1.5Fe alloy also contained the plate-shaped δ-Al₄FeSi₂ phase. A fine, block-shaped δ-Al₄FeSi₂ phase was formed in the Al-17Si-1Fe alloy treated by UV. The size of FRPs decreased with increasing pressure. After UV treatment, solidification under pressure led to further refinement of the FRPs. Considering alloy samples of the same composition, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the HPRC samples was higher than that of the HPSC samples, and the UTS increased with increasing pressure. The UTS of the Al-17Si-1Fe alloy formed by HPSC exceeded that of the Al-17Si-1.5Fe alloy formed in the same manner under the same pressure. Conversely, the UTS of the Al-17Si-1Fe alloy formed by HPRC decreased to a value lower than that of the Al-17Si-1.5Fe alloy formed in the same manner.     

多层喷射沉积过共晶Al-Si-Cu-Mg合金的微观组织及力学性能

多层喷射沉积技术具有冷速快、工艺简单、氧化程度低、制备的材料组织细小且分布均匀等特点．而使高硅铝合金充分发挥实用价值的关键是细化初晶硅．作者用多层喷射沉积技术制备了过共晶Al-Si-Cu-Mg合金,并与传统的铸态冶金制备的相同化学成分的合金进行了比较．对合金的沉积坯、热挤压处理后的微观组织进行了观察与分析．结果表明,多层喷射沉积合金的初晶硅大小只有25μm左右．并对合金的拉伸性能、扫描断口进行了测试与观察,提出了合金的强化与断裂机制．     

焊接用过共晶Al-Si合金箔材轧制工艺的实验研究

本文对焊接用过共晶Al-Si合金箔材的轧制工艺进行了实验研究。结果表明,不仅含Si量为15 wt％以下的过共晶Al-Si合金可进行轧制加工,Si含量超过 15wt％以上的过共晶Al-Si合金,通过精细控制轧制工艺,仍可加工成焊接用箔材。     

Corrosion-wear behavior of nanocrystalline Fe88Si12 alloy in acid and alkaline solutions

The corrosion?wear behavior of a nanocrystalline Fe88Si12 alloy disc coupled with a Si3N4 ball was investigated in acid (pH 3) and alkaline (pH 9) aqueous solutions. The dry wear was also measured for reference. The average friction coefficient of Fe88Si12 alloy in the pH 9 solution was approximately 0.2, which was lower than those observed for Fe88Si12 alloy in the pH 3 solution and in the case of dry wear. The fluctuation of the friction coefficient of samples subjected to the pH 9 solution also showed similar characteristics. The wear rate in the pH 9 solution slightly increased with increasing applied load. The wear rate was approximately one order of magnitude less than that in the pH 3 solution and was far lower than that in the case of dry wear, especially at high applied load. The wear traces of Fe88Si12 alloy under dif-ferent wear conditions were examined and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicated that the tribo-chemical reactions that involve oxidation of the worn surface and hydrolysis of the Si3N4 ball in the acid solution were restricted in the pH 9 aqueous solution. Thus, water lubrication can effectively improve the wear resistance of nanocrystalline Fe88Si12 alloy in the pH 9 aqueous solution.     

含过量Fe和Si的铸态Al–Cu合金的拉伸性能和热裂敏感性

This study was undertaken to investigate the tensile properties and hot tearing susceptibility of cast Al–Cu alloys containing excess Fe (up to 1.5wt%) and Si (up to 2.5wt%). According to the results, the optimum tensile properties and hot tearing resistance were achieved at Fe/Si mass ratio of 1, where the α-Fe phase was the dominant Fe compound. Increasing the Fe/Si mass ratio above unity increased the amounts of detrimental β-CuFe platelets in the microstructure, deteriorating the tensile properties and hot tearing resistance. Decreasing the mass ratio below unity increased the size and fraction of Si needles and micropores in the microstructure, also impairing the tensile properties and hot tearing resistance. The investigation of hot-torn surfaces revealed that the β-CuFe platelets disrupted the tear healing phenomenon by blocking interdendritic feeding channels, while the α-Fe intermetallics improved the hot tearing resistivity due to their compact morphology and high melting point.