倾斜式冷却剪切制备半固态Al-Mg合金

利用自制的实验装置对倾斜式冷却剪切技术制备半固态Al Mg合金进行了研究·液体合金在倾斜的冷却板表面非均匀形核并受到重力的剪切作用,合金逐渐从粗大等轴晶网络演化为细小的球形晶·控制浇注温度在660～690℃范围内可以获得良好组织的半固态坯料,很好地改善了常规铸造高Mg合金中出现的羽毛晶·冷却板表面性质对合金组织具有重要影响,表面干净并具有一定粗糙度的冷却板制备出的合金组织优良·     

倾斜式剪切冷却制备1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢半固态材料

利用自制的实验装置对倾斜式剪切冷却技术制备1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢半固态合金进行了研究.倾斜式剪切冷却技术使熔融1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢合金在剪切冷却作用下形成组织优良的半固态材料;在冷却板的冷却作用与重力的剪切作用下1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢半固态合金逐渐由树枝晶演化为细小的球形晶;倾角、冷却板长度、冷却板表面性质对合金组织具有重要影响;在倾角为45°,冷却板长度为650mm,冷却板采用紫铜材质的条件下可制备出细小球形的1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢半固态材料.     

波浪形振动倾斜板半连续铸造半固态AZ91D镁合金

将自制的波浪形倾斜板振动装置与半连续铸造机结合,制备了AZ91D镁合金铸锭.分析了不同工艺条件对合金组织的影响.结果表明,在一定范围内,随着倾斜板长度增加,合金受到冷却剪切作用的时间增长,组织得到细化;振动作用可以提高形核率,细化合金组织;较低的铸造速度使合金在结晶器内的二次结晶率提高,使组织细化.当浇注温度为680℃,倾斜板长度为400 mm,铸造速度为100 mm/min时,制备了组织优良的AZ91D镁合金半固态铸锭,经二次加热后获得了优良的半固态组织.     

长丝上浆浆液黏度在线测量装置

调研结果表明长丝上浆浆液黏度测量范围为1～80 mPa·s,属于低黏度范围.基于毛细管法的黏度测量,介绍了长丝上浆浆液黏度在线测量装置,设计了流出杯结构,并以可编程序控制嚣(PLC)控制测量过程.实验证明测量结果重现性好,测量结果的CV值在2%左右.该装置克服了浆纱生产中手提漏斗式黏度计操作不便、测量误差偏大等缺点,能够较好地替代后者.     

扰流柱参数对半固态AlSi9Mg组织的影响

提出将扰流冷却技术应用于半固态合金制备中,在自制的倾斜冷却装置内安放扰流柱,制备半固态AlSi9Mg合金水淬试样,用定量分析技术分析试样组织,研究扰流柱形状、排列方式和排列间距对半固态AlSi9Mg合金组织的影响.结果表明:扰流柱为水滴形时,制备的半固态AlSi9Mg合金中初生α-Al相较多,组织均匀,边缘轮廓清晰,初生α-Al相为球形或近球形,水淬组织特征为初生固相率53.54%,晶粒尺寸5.59μm,形状因子0.61.扰流柱的排列方式和排列间距对半固态Al-Si9Mg合金组织有较大的影响,叉排优于顺排,理想的排列间距为行间距S=15 mm,列间距L=40 mm.     

浇注温度对合金熔体冷却规律和半固态组织的影响

介绍了一种实验室自主研发的轻合金半固态浆料制备设备--锥桶式流变成形机(TBR),该设备利用刻有凸纹和沟槽的内、外锥桶的相对转动,使合金熔体在凝固过程中受到剧烈的剪切搅拌,从而获得合金半固态浆料.对TBR工艺的传热模型进行了推导,以A356为实验材料得出制备的A356铝合金半固态浆料温度与浇注温度的关系式,同时分析了不同浇注温度下合金熔体的冷却规律和获得的半固态组织形貌.结果表明,适当降低A356合金熔体的浇注温度可以延长初生固相受到的剪切时间和增加剪切次数,从而获得细小、均匀的半固态组织.当浇注温度为640℃时,初生固相平均晶粒尺寸为68μm,形状因子为0.82.     

AlSi7MgBe合金半固态坯料制备及其触变成形

采用近液相线半连续铸造技术制备AlSi7MgBe合金半固态坯料,研究制坯工艺以及二次加热温度和保温时间对半固态浆料微观组织的影响,通过组织与性能分析对AlSi7MgBe合金的半固态触变成形性进行了研究.研究结果表明,AlSi7MgBe合金采用近液相线半连续铸造,坯料具有均匀、细小的蔷薇状组织.当二次加热温度为595℃,保温15 min时,能够得到适合于进行半固态触变成形的球化组织.对近液相线半连续铸造AlSi7MgBe合金坯料进行半固态触变成形,可以获得轮廓清晰、组织致密的成形件,成形件的组织与性能得到改善,与液态模锻工艺相比,硬度提高20%.     

管输含蜡原油黏度的不确定性及概率分布研究

为了对管输含蜡原油的不确定性及概率分布进行研究 ,对中洛输油管线现场数据进行了统计分析 .表明含蜡原油黏度及表观黏度数值的不确定性主要来源于原油本身、测量和描述过程、测试样本数量和代表性等方面 .通过Kolmogorov—Smirnov法检验 ,表明原油黏度和表观黏度的概率分布规律用正态分布拟合最好 .描述了中洛输油管线管输原油黏度的均值和标准差随温度的变化规律以及表观黏度均值和标准差随温度和剪切率的变化规律     

半固态ZnAl27合金挤压成形金相组织研究

对常规ZnAl2 7合金和经机械搅拌得到的半固态ZnAl2 7合金材料进行了挤压成形试验 ,分析了合金在挤压成形后得到的试件的金相组织。结果表明 ,半固态ZnAl2 7合金挤压成形件的组织极为均匀细小。     

半固态Al-Cu-Mn合金锻件的热处理工艺与组织

利用正交试验法,对Al-Cu-Mn合金半固态锻压件进行了固溶时效热处理.通过对硬度指标的分析,获得了热处理的最佳工艺参数.同时分析了时效后的显微组织.结果表明,Al-Cu-Mn合金半固态锻压件在固溶温度540℃、固溶时间13 h、时效温度165℃、时效时间8 h下,其维氏硬度值可达130 MPa以上;且析出相均匀、弥散地分布在基体上.     

半固态表观粘度的两段半抛物线拟合插值法

在分析半固态金属表观粘度特点的基础上，提出了半固态金属表观粘度的两段半抛物线拟合插值法．用该法得到了精度较高的Sn-15％Pb和Al-4．5％Cu-1．5％Mg合金半固态表观粘度的拟合插值公式，并比较了这两种拟合公式的计算值与实验值．结果表明，两段半抛物线拟合插值法是有效的半固态金属表观粘度拟合方法，其拟合精度明显优于指数函数和幂函数模型的拟合公式．     

金属材料触变充填及其压力变化特征的模拟

分析了触变合金充填过程的压力变化特征,建立了耦合表观粘度的计算数学模型.对触变铝合金和钢件充型过程及压力变化进行模拟.结果表明,触变合金充型过程具有持续增加的压力变化特征,增加压力主要克服浆料流动阻力与重力,增加幅度约为0.12MPa.在成形充填速度范围内,触变合金呈现稳定的层流充填特征.相比触变铝合金,钢温度高容易引起触变成形过程的降温,表观粘度增大而导致铸件缺陷.半固态刹车泵体两种入流形式的充填压力模拟分析与实际成形结果表明,径向入流方式具有较高的成形质量.     

Numerical simulation on reho-diecasting mould filling of an automobile master brake cylinder

An apparent viscosity model of semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy has been developed and the software Castsofl6.0 coupled with the model has been used to simulate the mould filling of an automobile master brake cylinder with the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry. The simulation results are in agreement with the practical filling process, indicating that the apparent viscosity model is feasible and can be used to simulate the mould filling of the semisolid A356 aluminum alloy slurry and can be used to optimize the filling process and the design of dies. A higher injection pressure, a higher ingate flow velocity of the semi-solid slurry, and a higher slurry temperature are advantageous to the mould filling of the automobile master brake cylinder.     

高铬铸铁半固态成形工艺的研究进展

高铬铸铁具有优良的耐磨性,是最重要的耐磨材料之一,广泛应用于机械、冶金、采矿及矿产品加工等行业。近年来,半固态成形技术被专家们称为21世纪最有发展前景的近净成形技术,低熔点合金半固态成型技术已经成功应用于商业领域,但在高熔点材料的半固态成形技术仍处于实验研究或半工业性试验阶段。主要综述了高铬铸铁的半固态成形工艺、半固态浆料制备方法及对其后续工作的展望。     

铝合金半固态触变充型过程的计算机模拟

分析半固态AlSi7Mg合金触变充型过程中各个阶段浆料的压力和速度变化特征,建立耦合半固态表观粘度的三维流场数学模型,在考虑半固态边界条件和气体阻力方程基础之上,采用SOLAVOF法对铝合金件的触变充型过程进行模拟计算.结果表明, 入流速度大小对半固态浆料充填流态有显著影响.小的入流速度浆料充填流态倾向于采用平稳充型,同时气孔等缺陷产生倾向也小.与刹车泵体轴向注入工艺相比,在一定入流速度下,采用径向注入工艺成形阻力较小,充型中不会出现充不满的铸造缺陷.上述模拟结果与实际相吻合.     

Investigation on inductive heating of A356 alloy for thixo-forming

To meet the demands of continuous stream-line for component production in the thixo-forming industry, billet heating should be of high quality and in a controllable way. A 4-step inductive heating strategy for aluminum alloy A356 was performed. Thixotropic testing and microstructure analysis showed that a homogenous temperature distribution was achieved after temperature-power-time optimization. Theoretical analysis was given concerning the thermal conductivity and heat capacity of A356 between conventional and semisolid casting microstructures. The experimental results show that the optimized 4-step strategy could be the best strategy for billet heating during the thixo-forming of aluminum alloy A356.     

Microstructure and properties of A2017 alloy strips processed by a novel process by combining semisolid rolling, deep rolling, and heat treatment

A novel short process for producing A2017 alloy strips with notable features of near net shape, saving energy, low cost, and high product performance was developed by combining semisolid rolling, deep rolling, and heat treatment. The microstructure and properties of the A2017 alloy strips were investigated by metallographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, tensile testing, and hardness measurement. The cross-sectional microstructure of the A2017 alloy strips is mainly composed of near-spherical primary grains. Many eutectic phases CuAl₂ formed along primary grain boundaries during semisolid rolling are crushed and broken into small particles. After solution treatment at 495℃ for 2 h the eutectic phases at grain boundaries have almost dissolved into the matrix. When the solution treatment time exceeds 2 h, grain coarsening happens. More and more grain interior phases precipitate with the aging time prolonging to 8 h. The precipitated particles are very small and distribute homogenously, and the tensile strength reaches its peak value. When the aging time is prolonged to 12 h, there is no obvious variation in the amount of precipitated phases, but the size and spacing of precipitated phases increase. The tensile strength of the A2017 alloy strips produced by the present method can reach 362.78 MPa, which is higher than that of the strips in the national standard of China.     

Mold-filling ability of semisolid alloy

The mold-filling ability of the semisolid alloy has very important effects on the quality and properties of the work pieces produced by the semisolid forming process. The factorial experiments show that all of the heating factors, such as mold temperature, heating temperature and the keeping time of billets, have some effects on the mold-filling ability of semisolid alloy. According to the analysis of influencing extent on the filling ability, it is found that the most important one of the factors is the mold temperature instead of the billets temperature, the next one is the heating temperature of the billet, and the keeping time rows on the third. It is also found that there is an interrelation between the billet heating temperature and the mold temperature. The effect of the interrelation on the mold-filling abilityis even stronger than the keeping time. The higher the mold temperature, heating temperature or the keeping time is, the better the mold-filling ability of the semisolid alloy is. The parameter to describe themold-filling ability, defined as the maximum filling height along theupright direction or the maximum filling length along the horizontal direction, can be theoretically determined according to the flowing theory of viscous fluid.