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1.
重金属Cr6+对水稻幼苗的毒害效应   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7  
以含浓度为50 μmol·L-1、100 μmol·L-1、200 μmol·L-1 K2Cr2O7的Hoagland营养液培养杂交水稻"优I207"1叶龄幼苗10 d后,测定植株生长量、叶绿素含量、细胞膜透性、超氧化物岐化酶活性和过氧化物酶活性,以不含Cr6+的Hoagland培养液为对照.结果表明,随着Cr6+浓度的增加,植株的生长明显受到抑制,株高、根长、鲜重和干重均下降;植株叶片的叶绿素含量和SOD活性下降,POD活性先上升后下降,细胞膜透性大幅度增大.表明Cr6+的毒害导致体内保护酶活性受到抑制,膜系统受到伤害,从而影响水稻幼苗生长.  相似文献   

2.
镉对杂交水稻幼苗毒害效应的研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
用不同浓度的镉处理水稻幼苗,研究镉对杂交水稻幼苗的毒害效应.结果表明,随着镉浓度的增加,植株的生长明显受到抑制,株高、根长、鲜重和干重均下降;植株叶片叶绿素含量和SOD活性下降,POD活性先上升后下降,细胞膜透性大幅度增大.镉的毒害可导致体内保护酶活性受到抑制,膜系统受到伤害,从而影响水稻幼苗的生长.  相似文献   

3.
随着环境中铯(Cs)污染日益恶化,铯对生物毒害作用的研究受到越来越多的关注.为了探讨铯对植物光合作用的影响,在石英砂和Hoagland营养液培养体系下,从三叶期开始用浓度为0、0.5、1、5、10、20 mmol·L-1的133Cs+[CsCl]处理小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)幼苗.在处理后的第0、7、14、21、28 d时,检测小麦光合特性的改变.结果表明:用0.5 mmol·L-1和1 mmol·L-1低浓度133Cs+处理7 d后,小麦叶片的叶绿素含量、叶圆片放氧活性、类囊体膜电子传递活性均显著高于对照;但随133Cs+浓度的增加及处理时间的延长,这些参数的数值均显著下降.此外,光合系统II(PSII)活性的下降速率高于光合系统I(PSI)下降速率,说明PSII相对于PSI更容易受到133Cs+的胁迫伤害.这些结果表明133Cs+对小麦的毒害效应受时间和浓度的双重制约.低浓度133Cs+可以促进小麦光合作用,而高浓度133Cs+则显著抑制小麦光合作用.  相似文献   

4.
以能源禾草荻和芦苇为供试植物,采用培养皿滤纸法,研究不同浓度Cd(0,1,5,10,15,25,50mg·L-1)胁迫对2种植物种子萌发及幼苗生长情况的影响.结果表明:当Cd2+≤25mg·L-1时,荻的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数均大于芦苇;当Cd2+浓度为50mg·L-1时,芦苇的发芽率更高.2种幼苗的根长、苗高和鲜重随Cd2+处理浓度的增加呈下降趋势,且对胚根的抑制作用更强,Cd2+浓度为50mg·L-1,胚根被完全抑制;随Cd2+浓度的增大,2种幼苗叶片组织相对电导率持续增大,荻、芦苇幼苗光合色素含量总体呈下降趋势,Cd2+浓度为1mg·L-1时,芦苇幼苗叶绿素含量最高.淀粉酶活性随Cd2+浓度的增加呈先升高后降低趋势,荻和芦苇分别在Cd2+浓度为5mg·L-1和1mg·L-1时达到峰值;蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性在变化上存在一定差异.研究发现,2种植物在萌发和幼苗生长阶段对Cd2+均具有一定耐受能力,且芦苇的耐受能力大于荻,二者均可用于轻度Cd污染土壤的植物修复中.  相似文献   

5.
用溶液培养的方法研究了不同供铁水平对鲜食油菜生长的影响。结果表明:缺铁(0mol·L-1)、低铁(5×10-7,10-6mol·L-1)与正常供铁(10-4mol·L-1)相比,油菜株高、鲜重显著下降,表现出铁胁迫对油菜生长有明显的抑制作用,叶绿素、蛋白质、氨基酸及可溶性糖的含量也明显降低。与正常供铁相比,低铁、缺铁油菜表现出明显的叶片黄化。在油菜根中,过氧化物酶(POD)活性随供铁浓度的提高而降低。  相似文献   

6.
稀土元素La对油菜生长和抗氧化酶系统的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过盆栽实验研究了外源La 对油菜生长和抗氧化酶系统的影响.结果表明:低浓度(0-30mg·kg-1)的La可以在一定程度上促进油菜的生长,提高叶片叶绿素含量,降低叶细胞膜的透性,并促进油菜幼苗SOD活性,同时降低POD活性.其中La为15mg·kg-1时,株高、整株鲜重、单叶鲜重、根鲜重、叶绿素a、叶绿素a b和SOD均达峰值, 叶细胞膜透性降至最低;La为20mg·kg-1时,类胡萝卜素达峰值, POD活性下降至最低值.La达50 mg·kg-1时,各指标均表明油菜的生长开始受到抑制.  相似文献   

7.
汞、镉、铅胁迫对油菜的毒害效应   总被引:40,自引:1,他引:40  
研究了不同浓度(200mg·L-1-500mg·L-1)Hg2+、Cd2+、Pb2+处理对油菜种子萌发、根伸长、叶绿素含量及叶绿素a/b值等指标的影响.结果表明:在Hg2+、Cd2+胁迫下,随着重金属浓度的增加,处理时间的延长,油菜种子的萌发率、根生长速率、叶绿素含量和叶绿素a/b比值持续下降.而低浓度(50mg·L-1-200mg·L-1)的Pb2+对油菜叶绿素合成则具有一定的促进作用,叶绿素含量明显高于对照.在相同浓度条件下,重金属对根伸长的抑制作用大于对种子萌发的抑制.  相似文献   

8.
铬对黄瓜幼苗的毒害研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以丁选-3号黄瓜为实验材料,研究了不同浓度六价铬处理液对黄瓜幼苗的形态指标以及对根系活力、SOD活性、MDA含量等各项生理生化指标的影响。以含Cr6 浓度为0、5、10、20、40、80 mg/L的1/2MS营养液对黄瓜进行处理,发现黄瓜的株高受到一定的抑制,根的生长受到抑制。通过测定生理生化指标发现,随着Cr6 的增加,根系活力逐渐下降,后来又出现了小幅度的回升;SOD活性随着浓度的升高而逐渐升高,但却随着处理时间的延长而降低;MDA的含量则随着Cr6 的增加逐渐增加。结果表明,Cr6 对黄瓜产生了一定的毒害作用,导致体内保护酶活性受到抑制,膜系统受到伤害,从而影响黄瓜正常生长,且这种毒害随着Cr6 浓度的增加而加重。  相似文献   

9.
研究了在40mg/L Cr6+胁迫下,0.1~1.0mmol/L外源NO供体硝普钠(SNP)处理对小麦幼苗根系生长、氧化损伤、保护酶活性及可溶性糖含量的影响.结果表明,0.2mmol/L SNP处理缓解Cr6+胁迫伤害的效果最好,显著提高了小麦幼苗根系生长,保护酶SOD、POD、CAT活性和可溶性糖含量;显著降低了MDA含量.表明外源NO通过促进Cr6+胁迫下保护酶活性和渗透调节物质的提高,降低MDA水平,缓解Cr6+胁迫对小麦幼苗根系生长的抑制作用,增强植株的耐重金属能力.  相似文献   

10.
刘霞 《枣庄师专学报》2008,25(2):98-101
用Na2CO3处理蚕豆幼苗,处理浓度为25,50,75,100mmol/L,胁迫6天后取样,测定植株鲜干重、肉质化程度、细胞膜透性、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量叶绿素含量等生理指标.结果表明,一定浓度的Na2CO3促进了蚕豆幼苗鲜干重、肉质化程度、叶绿素含量的增加,100mmol/LNa2CO3处理明显抑制了蚕豆幼苗的生长.Na2CO3浓度超过75mmol/L时,蚕豆幼苗MDA含量急剧上升,质膜透性也明显增加,脯氨酸含量增加明显.  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

14.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

15.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

16.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

17.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

18.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

19.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

20.
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