鄂尔多斯盆地长6油层组储集砂岩成岩作用及其对储层性质的影响

根据鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长6油层组储集砂岩的岩石薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜等测试分析资料,研究了长6油层组储集砂岩的特征.长6储集砂体主要为长石砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩、长石岩屑砂岩,成分成熟度普遍较低,结构成熟度中等-好.储层发育粒间孔隙、粒内溶孔、晶间孔及微裂缝等多种孔隙类型,其中以剩余粒间孔隙最为发育.储集砂岩岩性致密,孔隙结构总体上属于细小孔隙微细喉道,具较强的非均质性.储层物性相对较差,总体属于低孔-低渗储层,但在大面积低渗背景下存在低-中渗透高产区域.压实作用、胶结作用和溶解作用是影响盆内三叠系砂岩物性及孔隙发育程度的主要成岩作用类型,在成岩过程中溶解作用和绿泥石胶结环边有利于盆内优质储层的形成.     

陆梁油田陆151井区头屯河组储层特征及影响因素分析

运用储层地质学理论,结合岩石薄片、铸体薄片、压汞资料、物性资料以及扫描电镜和"X"衍射结果,对头屯河组储层岩石学特征、孔隙类型及结构特征进行了研究,并分析了影响储层储集性能的主要因素。研究表明,头屯河组岩石类型以长石质岩屑砂岩为主,填隙物主要为粘土矿物、碳酸盐矿物;原生孔隙和次生溶蚀孔隙构成了该储层的主要储集空间,孔隙结构类型划分为5类,其中以中高孔中高渗、中高孔低渗和中孔低渗型为主;沉积作用与成岩作用是影响储层物性的关键因素。     

鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区延长组碎屑岩储层低渗特征及含油性主控因素

鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组发育陆相坳陷型湖泊三角洲相低渗储层。在岩石薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X光衍射、自生伊利石K-Ar同位素测年等分析的基础上，对该地区延长组长6-长2段低渗致密储集砂体的岩石学特征、孔隙类型、物性特征、成岩动力学及孔隙演化特征进行了研究，并对低渗透储层的含油气性进行了分析。结果表明：①该组砂体以长石砂岩为主，次为岩屑砂岩和长石质岩屑砂岩，矿物成熟度低；②孔隙类型包括残余粒间孔、晶间孔、溶蚀孔和微裂缝，其中残余粒间孔是储层的主要储集空间；③主要成岩作用包括机械压实作用、溶蚀作用、碳酸盐胶结作用、自生粘土矿物胶结作用等，其中溶蚀作用产生的次生孔隙对储层物性的改善不足；④成岩作用开始较早、塑性岩屑颗粒大量变形、压实作用强烈是导致早期砂岩孔隙丧失的根本原因，碳酸盐岩胶结作用、次生孔隙不发育是造成后期储层岩石致密的主要因素。含油气性分析结果表明，砂体的不同沉积成因类型是层间含油气性差异的主控因素；同一成因砂体内部的非均质性是层内含油气性差异的主控因素。     

湘西北地区震旦—三叠系储层特征及分布规律

石门—桑植震旦系—三叠系地层中发育的储层主要包括两大类,即碳酸盐岩和砂岩。在对大量普通薄片、铸体薄片详细观察研究的基础上,根据孔隙的成因及结构,将石门—桑植震旦系—三叠系储层的储集空间划分为：原生残余粒间孔、次生粒间溶孔、次生粒内溶孔、窗格孔隙、超大溶蚀孔、裂缝。通过储层物性特征分析,认为沉积作用及成岩后生作用是该区储层物性的主控因素。其中沉积相对储层物性的好坏起着决定性作用。研究结果表明该套地层中的储层类型多样,但储层物性较差,多数为低孔、低渗储层,只有上三叠统鹰嘴山组中的砂岩储集性能较好。     

饶阳凹陷留西地区沙三段低渗储层特征及控制因素研究

综合岩心资料、薄片资料、压汞资料、物性资料等多种资料,对饶阳凹陷留西地区东北部沙三段低渗储层进行了研究.研究表明,研究区沙三段砂岩储层岩石类型以岩屑质长石细砂岩、长石细砂岩为主,岩石成分成熟度和结构成熟度中等,反映近物源的特征.通过薄片资料、分析化验资料,认为研究区沙三段储层主要经历了压实、胶结、交代及溶解等成岩作用,孔隙组合类型以残余原生粒间孔、次生粒间孔和粒内溶孔为主.根据物性资料,显示研究区储层多以中-低孔、低渗为特征.研究区储层平均埋藏3175 m,受沉积作用、成岩作用的双重控制,孔隙发育较差,储层致密,是造成沙三段砂岩低孔、低渗的主要原因.进一步研究表明沉积作用是储层低渗主控因素,影响储层原始物性;成岩作用中压实作用起主导作用,胶结作用进一步破坏物性,溶蚀作用改善储层物性,特别体现在沙三底部因溶蚀作用形成大量次生孔隙,使得物性优于其他小层砂体.     

吴定地区延长组长4+5砂岩储层特征研究

目的对鄂尔多斯盆地吴定地区延长组砂岩储层储集物性特征进行研究。方法通过常规物性、岩石及铸体薄片、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、高压压汞等多项测试方法,对鄂尔多斯盆地吴定地区长4+5储层含油砂体的岩石学特征、储集类型、孔隙结构特征、岩心孔隙度和渗透率的相关性进行分析和研究。结果研究区储层岩石类型主要为岩屑长石砂岩,岩石中原生粒间孔隙较少,主要为次生粒间孔隙、溶蚀粒内孔及铸模孔、填充物内溶孔。压汞分析表明,储层孔隙结构特征变化较大,以微细喉道为主,岩心普遍排驱压力偏高,退汞效率偏低,孔隙度与渗透率间的线性相关性不好,储层为低孔特低渗储层。结论岩屑、云母和填隙物含量较高及抗压实性能不足是导致研究区储层低孔低渗的重要物质原因,储层具有一定的储集性能,但产能大小与有效微裂缝的存在密切相关。机械压实作用是储层孔隙丧失的主要外在因素,压实作用使原始沉积物的孔隙度减少了62%,较高含量的铁方解石使岩石胶结致密并充填在孔隙空间导致岩石进一步致密化,建设性成岩作用对储层物性改善不足。     

油层砂岩成岩作用及其对储层性质的影响

陕北三延地区三叠系延长组长6油层为典型低孔、特低渗储层,该类储层成岩作用类型非常复杂,在埋藏成岩过程中各种成岩作用对砂岩的原生孔隙的保存和次生孔隙的发育都产生重要影响,从而控制了储层物性纵横向变化;强烈的压实作用及胶结作用导致原生孔隙丧失殆尽,是形成特低孔渗储层的主要原因,而较弱的晚期溶蚀作用,特别是方解石、浊沸石溶解对储层的改善发挥较大作用,才使鄂尔多斯盆地延长组发育部分亮点储层,成为有利的储集-成岩相带。     

延吉盆地下白垩统砂岩储层特征研究

通过扫描电镜、铸体薄片、普通薄片、压汞曲线以及孔隙度和渗透率资料的分析,详细研究了砂岩储层特征,主要包括岩石学特征、孔隙结构、储集空间、储层物性特征等。结果表明,延吉盆地下白垩统砂岩储层岩石类型为长石砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩;砂岩储层孔隙类型主要是次生孔隙,其中次生粒间溶孔占绝对优势,其次是粒内溶孔;影响储层物性的主要因素为成岩作用,经历的主要成岩作用类型有机械压实作用、胶结作用、交代作用、蚀变作用和溶解作用。     

鄂尔多斯盆地高桥地区盒8段砂岩储层评价

通过对储层岩石学、储层物性、储层孔隙类型及孔隙结构等方面的分析,系统总结并评价了鄂尔多斯盆地高桥地区盒8储层储集性能。研究表明,高桥盒8段储层岩石类型主要为中粗粒岩屑石英砂岩、石英砂岩及少量岩屑砂岩,成分成熟度高,结构成熟度中等;储层物性总体较差,平均孔隙度为8.37%,平均渗透率为0.81×10-3μm2,为典型中低孔、特低渗储层;孔隙类型以次生溶孔为主,其次为晶间孔和原生粒间孔,发育少量微裂隙;孔隙结构表现为排驱压力中等-较高、以细喉道为主、孔喉道连通性相对较差的特点。根据储层岩性、物性、孔隙类型及孔隙结构等参数,评价出4类储层,其中,Ⅱ—Ⅲ类储集岩是研究区较好-中等的储集岩,也是研究区今后增产上储的主要储层。     

鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区延长组碎屑岩储层低渗特征及含油性主控因素

鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组发育陆相坳陷型湖泊三角洲相低渗储层.在岩石薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X光衍射、自生伊利石K-Ar同位素测年等分析的基础上,对该地区延长组长6-长2段低渗致密储集砂体的岩石学特征、孔隙类型、物性特征、成岩动力学及孔隙演化特征进行了研究,并对低渗透储层的含油气性进行了分析.结果表明①该组砂体以长石砂岩为主,次为岩屑砂岩和长石质岩屑砂岩,矿物成熟度低;②孔隙类型包括残余粒间孔、晶间孔、溶蚀孔和微裂缝,其中残余粒间孔是储层的主要储集空间;③主要成岩作用包括机械压实作用、溶蚀作用、碳酸盐胶结作用、自生粘土矿物胶结作用等,其中溶蚀作用产生的次生孔隙对储层物性的改善不足;④成岩作用开始较早、塑性岩屑颗粒大量变形、压实作用强烈是导致早期砂岩孔隙丧失的根本原因,碳酸盐岩胶结作用、次生孔隙不发育是造成后期储层岩石致密的主要因素.含油气性分析结果表明,砂体的不同沉积成因类型是层间含油气性差异的主控因素;同一成因砂体内部的非均质性是层内含油气性差异的主控因素.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.