面向属性的粗集数据挖掘方法研究

指出粗集理论的主要思想是在保持分类能力不变的情况下,利用等价类,通过属性约简和决策规则约简,达到挖掘知识并简化知识的目的.但约简问题是一个NP问题,只能通过启发式算法实现.针对这一问题,提出了属性约简和决策规则约简的启发式算法,构成了一个基于粗集理论的挖掘集成算法.最后通过实例表明,该集成算法能够以较高的效率发现良好的分类规则.     

基于决策表的粗糙集属性约简算法改进及应用

针对决策属性集合中只存在两个决策集合的情况,为简化决策属性的表达和计算复杂度,提高约简效率,提出一种改进粗糙集决策表的属性约简算法。该算法以条件属性对决策属性的支持度为基础,采用新的约简规则,基于可分辨矩阵的启发式算法,根据属性重要度改进属性约简算法。以高新技术企业智力资本测量指标体系为例,得到了高新技术企业智力资本的最小约简集。结果表明,该约简算法能够得到一个完备的最小约简集,并能显著提高求解约简集的效率。     

基于蚁群优化的分类规则挖掘方法

蚁群优化是人工智能领域中群体智能分支之一,已成功地应用于复杂优化问题的求解,但其在知识发现领域的应用还是一个新的研究课题。在此提出一种新的基于蚁群优化的分类规则挖掘方法,先利用蚁群算法通过对属性约简简化数据集,再使用蚁群算法进行分类规则的挖掘,并用新的规则剪枝方法,提高了分类算法的效率和准确率。实验表明该方法是有效的。     

一种基于反区分矩阵的多维关联规则挖掘方法

针对多维数据集的关联规则挖掘,提出了一种基于反区分矩阵的方法.首先由数据集同步得出区分矩阵和反区分矩阵,然后根据区分矩阵进行属性约简,再根据反区分矩阵找出约简后的频繁项集,最后给出关联规则.通过区分矩阵和反区分矩阵将属性约简和关联规则挖掘联系起来,减少了计算步骤,且算法只需扫描数据集一次,避免了繁琐的连接操作.应用实例表明该算法是一种合理有效的关联规则挖掘方法.     

一种基于关联规则的缺省规则挖掘算法

传统的基于Rough集的缺省规则挖掘算法须计算差别矩阵并生成大量的条件属性类，挖掘效率低．为此，本文引入相容关联规则和决策关联规则的概念，提出基于关联规则的缺省规则挖掘算法——DRMBAR，该算法借助FP-tree存储结构挖掘出决策关联规则，并用相容关联规则性质对决策关联规则进行有效修剪后生成相应的缺省规则,DRMBAR可有效地过滤噪声、提高缺省规则挖掘效率，且克服了传统算法依赖于主存的限制，为缺省规则的挖掘提供了一种新的框架。实验结果表明该算法是有效且可行的。     

基于频繁模式树的关联分类规则挖掘算法

构建精确而有效的分类器是数据挖掘和机器学习中的一个重要任务．提出了一种基于频繁模式树的关联分类规则挖掘算法，该算法同时考虑所有属性，并对现有关联分类规则挖掘算法中内存要求高、类别属性处理难、I／O访问次数多等问题提出了相应的解决方案．试验结果表明，该方法可以取得比同样基于关联规则的分类算法CMAR更高的执行效率以及基于规则的决策树分类算法C4．5更好的分类效果．     

决策代价约简求解中的交叉验证策略

属性约简是粗糙集理论中的核心问题,其目的是剔除冗余属性以找到具有较好泛化能力的属性子集.在决策粗糙集理论中,决策代价经常被作为属性约简的约束条件.但值得注意的是,虽然基于决策代价的约简求解算法可以有效地降低训练样本集上的总决策代价,但其往往忽视了测试样本集上的总决策代价.为解决这一问题,利用交叉验证的基本思想,设计了以决策代价为约束条件的一种新的属性约简求解算法.在八个UCI数据集上的实验结果表明,相较于传统基于决策代价的约简求解算法,所提算法不仅能有效地降低训练集合和测试集合的总决策代价,而且找出的属性子集亦可以带来更好的分类性能.     

基于数据库约简的关联规则挖掘算法

通过对Apriori算法挖掘过程进行分析，提出了一种基于数据库约简的关联规则挖掘算法．该算法利用每趟挖掘中一些非频繁项集的超集、并集，逐步约简事务数据库中的事务，提高了关联规则的挖掘效率．在这些非频繁项集的基础上建立了数据库约简的定理和推论，并在Apriori算法的基础上设计了ApioriNEW算法．经过对算法进行分析和实验，算法ApioriNEW的挖掘效率比较高．一般情况下，平均可将挖掘效率提高约30%．ApioriNEW算法特别适合大型数据库的关联规则挖掘，已应用在网络故障诊断专家系统的知识获取中．     

基于粗糙集理论的模糊C-means高维数据聚类算法

模糊C-means算法是一种重要的聚类分析算法,但是在数据维数较高的情况下,该算法计算量急剧上升从而导致其效率较低.针对这一问题,提出了一种基于粗糙集理论的模糊C-means高维数据聚类算法,该算法在传统模糊C-means算法的基础上引入了粗糙集属性约简的理念,通过对数据集属性的约简,提取出对分类影响较大的属性集而摒弃与分类无关的属性,进而在聚类过程中只计算属性约简结果集中的属性,从而减少聚类过程的工作量、提高聚类效率.理论分析和实验结果表明,该算法在处理高维数据时较高效.     

基于RS的GMDH神经网络在空袭目标识别中的应用

针对目标属性识别的特点,建立了基于粗糙集(Rough Sets, RS)的数据分组处理(Group Method of Data Handling, GMDH)神经网络分类模型.该模型较好地解决了采用高维数据集训练神经网络效率低,神经网络结构规模较大的问题.同时为了提高高维数据集合的属性约简效率,改进了集合近似质量属性约简算法.最后,通过与BP(Back-Propagation, BP)神经网络分类能力的仿真对比,结果表明,基于粗糙集的数据分组处理神经网络分类模型分类能力优于BP神经网络模型,满足现代防空作战对目标属性识别的需求,基于快速求核和集合近似质量的属性约简算法快速有效.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to