空心及PMI泡沫填充铝波纹夹芯梁冲击性能实验研究

为了提高油罐车罐体在冲击载荷下的强度和耐撞性,提出了两种三明治结构:空心和PMI泡沫填充率波纹夹心结构,来代替传统的均质结构,通过泡沫块冲击实验,对两种构型的三明治夹芯梁的冲击性能进行了研究。通过高速摄影观察了夹芯梁的变形过程,得出了在不同冲击速度下同质量不同芯体结构的夹芯梁后面板所产生位移的时程曲线,考察了两种类型夹芯梁在冲击载荷下的后面板中点位移及各自的变形特点。实验结果表明:空心波纹夹芯梁在速度较高的冲击载荷作用下,前面板在冲击区域发生撕裂,波纹芯体发生较大幅度的压缩;相对于空心夹芯梁,PMI泡沫填充夹芯梁前面板的撕裂和芯体的压缩程度大幅减小,但后面板中点位移较空心夹芯梁更大。由于结构的撕裂在罐车的行进过程中容易扩展并至更严重的破坏,因而填充夹芯结构相对空心结构更具优势。     

泡沫波纹复合夹心梁等效弹性常数的推导及其振动特性研究

基于材料力学中材料的连续性、小变形等基本假设,在符合变形协调方程的条件下,设结构由面板承受弯扭,泡沫芯体承受剪切,推导出了泡沫波纹复合夹心梁芯体的等效弹性常数,并且建立了有限元二维等效模型和三维实体模型;通过对泡沫波纹复合夹心梁的模态进行实验研究和数值计算,对比分析了实验数据和计算结果,从而验证了所推导的等效弹性常数的正确性。此外,进一步研究了泡沫波纹复合夹心梁的几何参数对其固有振动特性的影响,结果表明:随着面板厚度增加,结构的固有频率升高;随着波纹肋板厚度、泡沫芯体密度或胞元数的增加,结构的固有频率降低。     

泡沫铝夹芯梁结构的高温3点弯曲力学性能研究

实验研究了泡沫铝夹芯梁结构在不同温度下的3点弯曲力学性能.通过引入Gibson模型构建夹芯梁架构在3点弯曲作用下的失效模式图,并将失效模式图扩展到高温情况下,得到泡沫铝夹芯梁的初始失效模式图随温度的变化趋势.结果发现,其他因素不变,随着温度的升高,夹芯梁结构更容易发生面板屈服失效模式,芯层剪切模式涉及的范围被大大压缩.根据修正的Gibson模型预测的夹芯梁结构的极限载荷和实验结果所得极限载荷比较发现,芯层剪切模式分析结果和实验数据很好地吻合,说明泡沫铝夹芯梁的最终失效破坏主要是由于芯层剪切引起的.     

含面芯脱粘缺陷复合材料夹芯梁屈曲失效研究

为研究面芯脱粘缺陷对复合材料夹层结构屈曲特性的影响,对含贯穿矩形面芯脱粘缺陷的复合材料夹芯梁进行了试验和仿真研究.轴向压缩试验发现:试件破坏模式为混合屈曲失效,承载过程可划分为轴向压缩、局部屈曲、混合屈曲和坍塌失效四个阶段.在试验基础上,基于Abaqus非线性弧长算法,对复合材料夹芯梁的极限载荷及后屈曲路径进行模拟.采用三维内聚力单元模拟预制脱粘缺陷,从破坏模式和极限载荷两个方面与试验结果进行对比,误差为6.51%,验证了数值计算方法的可靠性.有限元分析发现:随芯层模量增加,极限荷载先非线性增长后线性增长;当缺陷因子为0.052时,极限荷载为完整结构的80%,为确保结构的承载特性,应在缺陷因子达到0.05前及时进行脱粘区域修补.     

碳纤维/PMI泡沫夹芯复合材料的弯曲特性分析

通过三点弯曲实验研究,得到了碳纤维/PMI泡沫夹芯复合材料的弯曲性能以及破坏机理。并采用逐渐累积损伤方法对泡沫夹芯结构弯曲载荷进行了预测,结果发现:模拟与试验结果较吻合,弯曲载荷误差为6.31%。研究结果表明:有限元数值模拟能够准确地得到泡沫夹芯复合材料在压缩过程中的损伤扩展,并最终预测碳纤维/PMI泡沫夹芯复合材料的最大破坏载荷和破坏趋势。     

组合型类蜂窝夹芯结构设计及面内力学性能研究

为提高蜂窝夹芯结构共面方向的承载性能,从仿生序构角度,提出一种组合型类蜂窝夹芯结构,并对其面内力学性能进行研究。首先,从深海鱼的骨骼结构中仿生设计出一种功能基元,并将该基元4个一组在空间组合成一个基本单元,再将此单元在水平和垂直方向上阵列得到一种四边形里嵌套八边形的组合型类蜂窝夹芯结构;然后,根据胞元理论将该结构进行简化,采用经典梁弯曲理论与胡克定律推导出其面内等效力学参数公式;采用压缩实验和数值模拟进行力学参数的对比验证,得到该结构面内等效弹性模量的实验值、仿真值与理论值之间的误差分别为13.68%和10.60%,验证了组合型类蜂窝夹芯结构面内等效力学参数的准确性。在相同等效密度下,将所设计的组合型类蜂窝夹芯结构和该课题组以前提出的“超轻多孔”类蜂窝夹芯结构进行等效力学性能对比实验,结果表明：所设计的组合型类蜂窝夹芯结构的面内等效弹性模量是类蜂窝夹芯结构的20倍左右,其刚度有显著提升,该研究成果为新型蜂窝结构创新设计提供了思路。     

薄蜂窝复合材料夹芯结构侧压性能研究

对不同构型薄蜂窝复合材料夹芯结构侧向压缩响应进行了试验研究,研究参数包括芯材高度、芯材密度和面板刚度。结果表明,蜂窝芯材高度严重影响蜂窝结构失稳载荷和峰值载荷,而上下面板的刚度不对称性会严重降低失稳载荷却对峰值载荷影响不大。薄蜂窝复合材料夹芯结构的整体破坏过程与芯材密度、芯材高度均有关系,而受刚度不对称性影响不大。薄蜂窝复合材料夹芯结构在侧向压缩载荷下的主要失效模式是蜂窝芯材剪切破坏,通过高速摄像机对蜂窝局部进行观察,发现失效起始于单个蜂格的剪切破坏,导致其高度降低,继而引起上下两侧蜂格破坏,并且迅速扩展到上下约3个蜂格,导致载荷突降。若继续加载,破坏继续向两侧蜂格扩展,且载荷基本不变。     

具芳纶短纤维增韧界面的碳纤维夹芯结构性能、机理和分析

碳纤维夹芯结构常用作航空航天、交通车辆等运载工具的主承力结构,这类结构在服役过程中容易发生界面开裂,继而引发大面积脱粘、面板局部屈曲等破坏模式,严重影响结构的安全.使用芳纶短纤维对碳纤维夹芯结构的面-芯界面进行增韧,在夹芯结构制备过程中,在界面加入低密度芳纶短纤维薄膜,通过芳纶短纤维的桥联作用,提高界面的粘接性能.首先通过弯曲和压缩实验,对比了增韧和未增韧夹芯结构的荷载-位移曲线、破坏模式等响应,发现芳纶短纤维界面增韧可以大幅提高碳纤维夹芯结构的各项力学性能.其次,基于非对称双悬臂梁实验和扫描电镜观测,分析了芳纶短纤维的增韧效果和增韧机理.最后,基于均匀弹性材料裂纹的奇异性解和界面裂纹尖端的位移震荡解,建立了考虑界面裂纹尖端复杂应力场的扩展有限元单元,模拟了碳纤维夹芯试件的界面开裂过程.以上研究工作有助于揭示芳纶短纤维增韧界面的断裂机理,建立界面增韧参数设计方法,提高碳纤维夹芯结构的力学性能,并为结构的健康诊断和工艺改进提供科学依据.     

镁合金蜂窝板的制备及力学性能研究

采用镁合金箔材和板材削备镁合金蜂窝板，研究了其压缩和弯曲力学性能，分析了镁合金蜂窝板的损坏过程和机制。压缩过程经历了蜂窝芯与面板之间树脂肢的局部失穗阶段、蜂窝芯弹塑性屈曲变形阶段，塑性屈曲失穗阶段、破坏扩展阶段四个阶段。弯曲变形过程经历了蜂窝芯局部屈曲、面板压入弯曲、蜂窝芯与面板较大面积脱胶这三个阶段。其变形模式与破坏形式和铝合金蜂窝板相似。     

多层金属多孔复合结构面外压缩吸能特性实验

轻量化及多功能一体化设计成为武器装备性能提升的迫切目标需求,以金属点阵和金属泡沫为代表的金属多孔材料由于具有超轻、超强、高能量吸收率及多功能可设计性等优点得到了广泛的重视,但金属点阵结构的屈曲及泡沫金属的低强度问题成为制约其工程应用的瓶颈。通过将泡沫金属填充到金属点阵孔隙中的方法获得3种不同几何构型的多层金属多孔复合结构——泡沫铝填充双层金属波纹板,并对其承载及能量吸收特性进行了面外压缩实验研究。研究表明新型金属多孔复合结构单位质量峰值压缩强度及单位质量能量吸收可分别高达其对应的空心结构的9.3及21.8倍,甚至和泡沫铝这一优异吸能材料相比仍可分别提高19%和20%。耦合增强机理表明正是泡沫铝的填充改变了波纹芯体的屈曲变形模式,使其转化为更为复杂高阶的屈曲变形模式,产生耦合增强效应,从而引起强度及能量吸收效率的大幅提升。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.