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1.
从裂纹技术的需要出发 ,对几何不对称试件进行了启裂前应力状态变化的激光实验力学研究 ,观察有切口试件的应力场变化情况 .结果表明 ,试件在启裂前的应力状态基本上是对称的 ,应力无大的变化 .  相似文献   

2.
从裂纹技术的需要出发,对几何不对称试件进行了启裂前应力状态变化的光弹性实验力学研究,观察有切口试件的应力场变化情况,结果表明,试件在受力后启裂前的应力状态基本上是对称的  相似文献   

3.
对于线弹性材料,裂缝尖端平行于裂缝方向的T应力会影响裂缝的扩展方向和起裂断裂韧度,然而在混凝土类准脆性材料的断裂韧度测试中,无论是起裂断裂韧度还是失稳断裂韧度,T应力的影响却少有研究.以混凝土Ⅰ型断裂韧度测试常用的三点弯曲梁、楔入劈拉试件为对象,计算了裂缝尖端的T应力大小,并分析了其对裂缝扩展方向和断裂韧度的影响.分析计算结果表明:这些常用试件裂缝尖端的T应力相比于裂缝尖端控制因素应力强度因子K很小,不会影响裂缝扩展方向,保证了混凝土断裂失稳前一直处于Ⅰ型裂缝状态;另外,T应力对起裂断裂韧度和失稳断裂韧度的数值也不会产生影响,说明常用试件进行的混凝土断裂韧度确定方法是可靠有效的.  相似文献   

4.
用声发射法对高强钢插销试件的氢致裂纹的启裂,扩展以及断裂过程进行了试验研究。发现在环形缺口的插销试件中延迟裂纹的启裂位置是有规律性的,根据A.E波形可将整个过程划分为启裂、延迟扩展、快速扩展、瞬时断裂四个时期,在断口上也可看到相应的分区,二者之间的对应关系取决于应力、氢.组织诸条件。 此外,还探讨了含氢量、H AZ组织与性能对断口微观形貌的影响。  相似文献   

5.
利用Φ74 mm的Hopkinson压杆对圆柱型钢筋混凝土试件进行了波传播实验和层裂实验研究,利用应变片记录杆中应力波信号,使用高速摄影机拍摄试件的拉伸破坏过程.实验结果表明:在较低的加载速率下,应力波在钢筋混凝土试件传播过程中呈现弹性波特性,不弥散不衰减;在较高的加载速率下,钢筋混凝土试件出现层裂现象,层裂强度在7 MPa左右;断裂试件中的裂纹在拉压应力波交替作用下反复张开闭合,随着应力波在杆中的衰减而趋于稳定.  相似文献   

6.
采用透明树脂类岩石材料制作含三维中空单裂隙试件,开展水力耦合破裂试验,研究三维裂隙起裂扩展模式,分析裂隙倾角和水压对裂隙起裂应力及试件破坏强度的影响规律。研究结果表明:三维中空裂隙的起裂和扩展模式与闭合裂隙相比差异显著,水力耦合下三维裂隙起裂扩展模式呈现低水压与高水压2种类型,水压升高对裂隙起裂、扩展具有显著的促进作用,并改变试件的破坏模式;随裂隙倾角增大,翼裂纹临界扩展长度逐渐减小,鱼鳍状裂纹的萌生时间呈后延趋势;水压对裂隙起裂应力和试件破坏强度的影响分别存在阈值,在达到阈值前,水压升高使起裂应力小幅度增大,而破坏强度逐渐降低;当水压超过阈值后,起裂应力与破坏强度均迅速降低;裂隙起裂应力和试件破坏强度均随裂隙倾角增大而呈先降低后升高的趋势,但起裂应力的变化幅度比破坏强度的变化幅度更大。  相似文献   

7.
文章报告了两组 Q2 3 5钢小缺口试件在平面应力与平面应变条件下的疲劳启裂门槛值的测定结果。实验表明 :不论平面应力还是平面应变状况 ,当ρ→ 0时 ,Δσ∞th均有截止性。但对平面应力状况 ,Δσ∞th截止后持平 ,而对平面应变状况 ,Δσ∞th截止后反有小幅上升。该文从缺口顶端应力场和循环塑性区的展开出发对试件结果作了分析和讨论。  相似文献   

8.
为了研究有/无填充介质对裂纹动态断裂特性的影响,利用动态焦散线实验方法结合高速相机对含预制缺陷的试件进行了三点弯冲击断裂实验。研究结果表明:冲击载荷作用下运动主裂纹与预制缺陷贯通后,预制裂纹中有/无填充介质影响次生裂纹的起裂位置、数量、起裂模式、起裂所需时间。在预制裂纹中无填充介质的情况下,沿预制裂纹左右两侧对称产生2条次生裂纹,次生裂纹起裂时是Ⅰ+Ⅱ混合模式断裂;在填充环氧树脂介质情况下,沿预制裂纹中心处产生1条次生裂纹,次生裂纹起裂时是Ⅰ型断裂;同时无填充介质试件次生裂纹起裂所需时间大于填充了环氧树脂的试件。  相似文献   

9.
从现有的弹塑性断裂理论和结果出发,研究了韧性材料在全面屈服下裂纹启裂参数J_(1c)与相应的极限净截面应力σ_c之间的关系,提出用净截面应力法来分析构件上裂纹启裂行为,使工程断裂力学分析变成易于接受的工程计算。得出:如果给定试样高度和材料,则存在一个与启裂参数相对应的极限净截面应力。  相似文献   

10.
为了研究钢纤维和聚丙烯纤维对于配筋混凝土裂缝生发的影响,设计并开展了钢-聚丙烯混杂纤维配筋混凝土轴心拉伸试验.通过分析试件裂缝的形成过程、试件的初裂荷载以及平均裂缝宽度,得到不同应力水平下混杂纤维掺量对于基体混凝土抗裂性能的影响.试验结果表明:掺入混杂纤维可以明显改变有效配筋率在2%以下的混凝土的裂缝形态;混杂纤维能显著提高试件的初裂荷载并且减小试件的平均裂缝宽度;随着钢筋应力的增大,混杂纤维表现出了不同的阻裂效应;在同等纤维体积掺量下,配筋率越大则试件平均裂缝宽度越小.  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

14.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

15.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

16.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

17.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

18.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

19.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

20.
The non-orthogonal localized molecular orbital(NOLMO)is the most localized representation of electronic degrees of freedom.As such,NOLMOs are thus potentially the most efficient for linear scaling calculations of electronic structures for large systems.However,direct ab initio calculations with NOLMO have not been fully implemented and widely used,partly because of the slow convergence issue in the optimization of NOLMO.We devel-  相似文献   

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