Analytical Algorithms for the Blend Ratios by Fibre-bundle Tensile Curves Part I. Typical Tensile Curve and the Strength and Work Methods

The blend ratio and tensile properties are vital important characteristics of blended fibre bundles. Fibre-bundle tensile behaviour has been measured by means of the Sirolan-Tensor in order to derive a typical specific stress - extension curve. According to the typical tensile curve, the relationships between the blend ratio and the tensile parameters are discussed and established. Two new algorithms, so-called the strength method and the work method, have been developed for the blend-ratio estimation of blended fibre bundles. The relevant blend-ratios and calculations of the two methods are defined in detail. Also, the characteristics have been explained for every calculation and compared to each others. The experimental results show that the blend ratios estimated from the theoretical methods are high coincidence with the measured results. Meanwhile, the specific stress -- extension curve of blended fibre bundles depends directly on the blend ratios of the fibre bundles,     

Research on Deformation Regularity of Surface Migrating With Waste-fill Mining

Using FLAC3D numerical simulation software,the influence laws that the different mining depth,mining width and filling step have on the surface subsidence and horizontal movement under the condition of filling mining has been studied.The functional relation among full subsidence and horizontal movement of surface,mining depth,mining width and filling step has been given,which provides theoretical formulas been referenced for filling mining theory and has a certain guiding value.     

A Low Power Error Detection in the Syndrome Calculator Block for Reed-Solomon Codes: RS(204,188)

Reed-Solomon (RS) codes have been widely adopted in many modern communication systems. This paper describes a new method for error detection in the syndrome calculator block of RS decoders. The main feature of this method is to prove that it is possible to compute only a few syndrome coeffi-cients — less than half — to detect whether the codeword is correct. The theoretical estimate of the prob-ability that the new algorithm failed is shown to depend on the number of syndrome coefficients computed. The algo...     

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Studies of Air Treatment Process with Water Spray of One Row Parallel Flow

The main purpose of the present work is to make a further insight into the procedure of heat and mass transfer between water droplets sprayed and air stream in a direct evaporative air cooler used in air-conditioning system in textile mills. The thermodynamic models of the two-phase flow in such a air treatment system have been developed for one row parallel flow spray. The fields of temperature and relative humidity in spray chamber, as well as the trajectories of sprayed drops have been obtained by calculation. A series of experiment aiming at quantifying the system performance and its influence factors have been conducted. It indicates that the increases of air velocity and water/air ratio while the decrease of nozzle density are favorable. Finally, the comparison between numerical simulation and experimental results have been carried out. Good agreements have been found for outlet air temperature while a maximum error of 10% has been observed for air relative humidity.     

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Studies of Air Treatment Process with Water Spray of One Row Counter Flow

The present work is focused on heat and mass transfer in a direct evaporative air cooler of one row counter flow spray. Models of the two-phase flow in such a air treatment system have been developed. The fields of temperature and relative humidity in spray chamber, as well as the trajectories of sprayed drops have been obtained by numerical method. Experiments aiming at quantifying the system performance and its influence factors have been conducted. It indicates that the increase of air velocity and water/air ratio while thedecrease of nozzle density are favorable. The performance of the system of parallel flow spray and counter flow spray have been compared by means of humidifying efficiency. Comparison between numerical simulation and experimental results demonstrate good agreement for outlet air temperature with a maximum error of 8% observed for air relative humidity.     

Boundary Integral Equations and A Posteriori Error Estimates

Adaptive methods have been rapidly developed and applied in many fields of scientific and engineering computing, Reliable and efficient a posteriori error estimates play key roles for both adaptive finite element and boundary element methods. The aim of this paper is to develop a posteriori error estimates for boundary element methods. The standard a posteriori error estimates for boundary element methods are obtained from the classical boundary integral equations. This paper presents hyper-singular a posteriori error estimates based on the hyper-singular integral equations, Three kinds of residuals are used as the estimates for boundary element errors. The theoretical analysis and numerical examples show that the hypersingular residuals are good a posteriori error indicators in many adaptive boundary element computations.     

Effects of Process Technology on Structure and Properties of HMLS Fibers

High modulus low shrinkage (HMLS) fibers have been prepared by using higher viscosity PET chips. The effects of the process conditions on their structure and properties have been studied by various testing techniques. The results show that the suitable spuming speed for preparing of HMLS fibers is 2 000 - 2 800 m/ min. With the increase of the spinning speed, the density, crystallinity, and birefringence of the initial fibers increase obviously, but the shrinkage ratio decreases rapidly. The effects of process technology on properties of the HMLS fibers have also been discussed.     

Self-assembling Characteristics of Amphiphilic Star Block Copolymers with a Polyelectrolyte Shell

1 Results Amphiphilic block copolymers are capable of forming supramolecular assemblies resembling those observed in nature,such as spherical micelles,worm micelles,and vesicles.Changing the solvent composition,ionic strength or pH of the polymer solution may induce the self-assembly of block copolymers or trigger the transition between the geometries of noncovalent assemblies.In the current work,we have synthesised starlike amphiphilic block copolymers having hydrophobic poly(methyl methacrylate),PMMA,core,and hydrophilic poly(acrylic acid),PAA,shell.The self-assembling characteristics of these polymers have been investigated in aqueous solutions by light scattering and direct visualisation by cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryoTEM)[1]. Computer simulations along with the theoretical predictions made for the star-like system based on mean-field theory have been used to support the experimental observations[2]. The association of the starlike macromolecules resembles that of charged biopolymers,such as actin,since a balance between attractive and repulsive forces is required for the formation of cylindrical assemblies and can be manipulated by changing the pH or the ionic strength of the solvent[3].     

Determining method and conditional factors of electrochemical fingerprint of Chinese traditional medicine

The thermodynamic systems and kinetic model suitable for the electrochemical token of the compo-nent throng in Chinese traditional medicines have been analyzed. It has been indicated that the damp oscillatory reactions in the non-equilibrium close system and open system without the supplement of dissipative substance have important significance for the throng token and analysis of chemical com-ponents in Chinese traditional medicines. Various factors influencing the electrochemical fingerprint,such as reactant species and their concentrations,electrode types,temperature,stir rate,the kind,dosage and granularity of Chinese traditional medicines,have amply been researched by the B-Z os-cillatory reaction which used malonic acid as a main dissipative substance. In addition,the quantitative information about the chemical components in Chinese traditional medicines has been discussed in detail. The method and its conditions for determining the electrochemical fingerprint used in scientifi-cally distinguishing and evaluating Chinese traditional medicines have successfully been put forward.     

Natural selection and adaptive evolution of leptin

Leptin is an adiposity-secreted hormone that is pivotal in regulating feeding behavior,energy metabolism and body mass.The study of leptin has been of crucial importance for public health and pharmaceutical intervention given its role in obesity.Generally,leptin is highly conserved due to its functional importance.However,episodes of rapid sequence evolution and positive selection have been observed in some mammalian species,indicating that the leptin functions in these animals may have undergone adaptive modification to their environments.In this article,we review the adaptive evolution of leptin and its potential functional consequences.This review is expected to guide future research of molecular evolution and functional assays of this gene,and also to provide a theoretical foundation for the use of leptin in therapeutic applications.     

羊毛细化拉伸系统的作用分析

对羊毛细化罗拉拉伸系统的作用进行分析，建立了纤维拉伸倍数计算公式，得出纤维有效拉伸的条件，并通过实例验证了有关分析。     

羊毛束细化拉伸的参数优化与效果表征

采用自制细化装置和测量单元对羊毛毛条进行拉伸细化，结合正交试验得出优化的预浸、拉伸、定形的工艺条件。基于本优化工艺条件所得的细化毛条和澳洲的“Optim^TM羊毛”进行了纤维特征和改性效果的综合对比分析。试验结果证明：细化拉伸处理后，羊毛细度、长度、光泽明显改善，但纤维伸长率变小，长度离散度变大，这对纺织加工提出了新的要求。     

PULP FIBER SIZE CHARACTERIZATION

Pulp fiber length distribution characterization has been examined in this study. Because of the fiber morphology: slender in shape, fiber size distribution characterization is a very difficult task. Traditional technique involves separation of the particles by size,such as Bauer-McNett fiber classifier, and measuring the weight fractions. The particle fractions obtained may or may not reflect the desired size classification.On the other hand, the more recent technique through optical measurement of fiber length is limited by its inability to measure the mass of the particle fractions.Therefore, not only the two techniques fail to generate identical results, either one was accepted to be of better value. Pure hardwood kraft, softwood kraft, and their mixture samples have been measured for their fiber length distributions using an optical fiber quality analyzer: FQA. The data obtained from FQA are extensively studied to investigate more reliable way of representing the fiber length data and thus examining the viable route for measuring the fiber size distributions. It has been found that the fiber length averaged length 11 is a viable indicator of the average pulp fiber length. The fiber size fraction and/or distribution can be represented by the fiber "length" fractions.     

纤维增强混凝土中纤维分布的计算机处理

为纤维增强混凝土中纤维的长度分布和三维取向分布设计了图像处理系统,详细叙述了图像处理系统的设计方法和编程思想.图像处理系统能很好地给出纤维的长度分布与三维取向分布,具有很大的通用性,并且对高分子纤维在建筑材料中的应用,对混凝土加工工艺有一定的参考意义.     

光纤熔融拉锥的形状函数

根据体积守恒条件导出光纤熔融拉锥形状函数的微分方程，并由边界条件和有效熔融区长度参量获得方程显解.该解析解能方便、精确和完整地描述不同熔融拉伸过程中光纤锥形的动态变化，以图表形式提供的大量实验数据表明，实验结果与理论计算相当吻合.最后，在已知初始熔融区长度的情况下，该解可以预知在任意拉伸长度下熔融拉锥光纤锥区的直径分布.     

2×2熔锥光纤表面增强拉曼散射实验

基于光纤渐逝波原理,结合表面增强拉曼散射(surface-enhanced Raman scattering,SERS)技术,实验研究一种银溶胶涂覆的2×2熔锥光纤的SERS特性.熔锥光纤由一对单模光纤经过熔融拉制而成,固化在其表面的银溶胶为表面活性基底,起拉曼增强作用.随着锥区长度的增加,纤芯逐渐减小,其对光的束缚能力变弱,从而透射出较强的可作为拉曼激发光源的渐逝波.实验中,以R6G为待测溶液,在耦合锥区探测到低浓度目标分子R6G的拉曼光谱,其最低检测浓度达到了10-8 mol/L。     

羊毛拉伸细化及其效果

分析了有捻毛条拉伸过程中拉伸载荷的变化规律和纤维直径的变化，通过烘燥和沸水收缩率的测量，探讨了细化羊毛的定形效果，并借助扫描电镜照片，分析了细化羊毛的形态变化及其原因。     

基于最小二乘法的流长度分布估计方法

为了得到未抽样流的分布特征,提出一种新的由抽样报文流数据来估计原始未抽样流长度分布的方法.首先分析了产生一个定长抽样流的原始流的概率分布模型,并根据这个概率分布特征给出了长流一个非常简单的估计.然后构造了关于短流的方程组,利用流的重尾分布特性和最小二乘法对该方程组进行求解,得到了短流的估计.理论分析表明该估计方法有效地控制了时间复杂程度,实验测试结果也表明该算法对于分布的估计是精确的,估计精度与EM算法相当.     

基于相移光栅的Sagnac环滤波器的光谱特性分析

提出了一种基于相移光栅的Sagnac环滤波器的设计.利用Jones矩阵法,建立了该滤波器的理论模型,推导出了传输谱的表达式,并对其进行数值仿真和分析.重点讨论了相移光栅的参量、光纤环臂差对传输光谱的影响.通过数值模拟,得到了具有双带通的梳状滤波特性的传输光谱,可应用于光纤光栅传感和通信系统.     

短纤维-TPU复合材料力学性能理论与实验研究( Ⅱ) 弹性模量理论预测及实验

综合考虑纤维长度分布、纤维取向分布及纤维2基质界面结合特性, 提出了短纤维2热塑性聚氨酯( TPU)复合材料模量预测方程, 并进行了实验研究, 理论预测方程与实验结果吻合较好。