噻吩羧酸在金表面的自组装膜及其电化学性质

研究了具有平面环状共轭体系的硫杂环化合物噻吩羧酸在金表面的自组装单分子膜及其修饰金电极的电化学行为．以Fe(CN)6^4-/3-为“探针”离子，用循环伏安法对自组装膜的形成、电极界面电容及其组装机理进行了研究．结果是噻吩羧酸在Au上的覆盖度约为95％，金电极的界面微分充电电容由修饰前的0．294μF／cm^2下降到0．167μF／cm^2，由此可见噻吩羧酸在金表面形成了致密的单分子膜．     

超氧化物歧化酶模型化合物在金电极上的分子A组装

采用3-巯基丙酸在金电极上自组装得到自组装单分子层(SAM)，再利用DCC作酰胺键偶合剂，将超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)模型化合物Fe(IDB)CI3(简称Fe-MSOD，IDB为N，N-二(2’-苯并咪唑甲基)亚胺)共价键合到自组装在金电极表面的3-巯基丙酸单分子层上，构筑了一种超氧化物歧化酶模型化合物分子组装体系膜修饰电极(Fe-MSOD／3-MPA／Au)．采用电化学循环伏安法、交流阻抗法对该修饰电极进行了表征．初步探讨了此修饰电极的电化学氧化还原性质．     

石墨烯在金电极上固定方法的选择及免疫传感器的构建

分别利用重氮化法、滴涂法、非共价键合法及偶联法将石墨烯固定于电极表面,并对所得到的修饰电极进行电化学表征,分析结果显示重氮化法制备的石墨烯修饰电极性能更稳定,信号更灵敏,所以将其用于免疫传感器的制备.首先在金电极上制备对氨基苯硫酚和苯硫酚的混合自组装单分子膜(MSAM),再利用重氮化法将石墨烯固定在MSAM修饰电极表面,然后在其表面电沉积纳米金,最后通过金-氨键固定抗体(羊抗小鼠IgG),并对小鼠IgG进行了初步检测,线性范围为0.001～400μg/L,检测下限达到0.0014μg/L.结果表明,该传感器具有检测范围宽、灵敏度高的优良性能,在临床检验中具有广阔的应用前景.     

多巴胺在2-氨基-5-巯基-[1,3,4]三氮唑自组装膜电极上的电化学行为研究

利用新合成的巯基试剂2-氨基-5-巯基-[1，3,4]三氮唑在金电极表面进行了首次自组装，用电化学法和扫描电子显微镜对自组装膜电极进行了表征．研究了多巴胺在该自组装膜电极上的电化学行为，发现该自组装膜能有效促进多巴胺在电极与溶液之间的电子传递，表现为-二电子传递的准可逆行为，电极反应速率常数为0．1049cm／s．该自组装膜电极用于多巴胺注射液含量的测定，结果满意．     

纳米金在DNA电化学传感器中的应用研究

利用自组装单分子膜原理,通过层层组装的方法将金纳米粒子(AuNPs)和DNA探针分别固定到金电极表面制备成探针电极。结果表明纳米金可以使响应电流大大增强,有利于提高检测的灵敏度;同时DNA自组装到纳米金修饰的金电极上,形成一层致密的分子膜,可使响应电流下降。     

电极电位对L-蛋氨酸分子吸附构型影响的表面增强拉曼光谱

利用电化学现场表面增强拉曼光谱技术研究了在粗糙化金电极和银电极表面吸附的L-蛋氨酸自组装单分子膜结构随电位改变的特征.实验结果表明:在外加电位0--0.6V范围内,L-蛋氨酸主要是通过硫原子和去质子化羧基2个吸附位点与银电极表面产生相互作用的;而在金电极表面表现为分子中的氨基、去质子化羧基和硫原子3个吸附位点随电位负移而改变的特征;另外,对于金电极表面吸附的L-蛋氨酸单分子膜而言,还伴随着吸附物分子由于分子内旋转等而引致的分子构型的转变.     

基于聚乙烯醇缩丁醛和金溶胶修饰的电位型铂金免疫传感器的研制

报道了一种基于聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)和金溶胶,把乙型肝炎表面抗体(HBsAb)固定在铂金电极上,用来检测乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)的一种新型电位型免疫传感器.该传感器制作简单、响应时间较短(<3min)、具有良好的选择性和灵敏度,线性范围是4 4μg/L～240μg/L,检出限(3σ)为1 4μg/L.将该电极用于临床上对乙型肝炎表面抗原的检测,与酶联免疫法相比,符合率为91 3%.     

超氧化物歧化酶模型化合物在金电极上的分子自组装

采用3-巯基丙酸在金电极上自组装得到自组装单分子层(SAM),再利用DCC作酰胺键偶合剂,将超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)模型化合物Fe(IDB)Cl3(简称Fe-MSOD,IDB为N,N-二(2′-苯并咪唑甲基)亚胺)共价键合到自组装在金电极表面的3-巯基丙酸单分子层上,构筑了一种超氧化物歧化酶模型化合物分子组装体系膜修饰电极(Fe-MSOD/3-MPA/Au).采用电化学循环伏安法、交流阻抗法对该修饰电极进行了表征.初步探讨了此修饰电极的电化学氧化还原性质.     

对3种不同硫化物自组膜免疫传感器的比较研究

在半胱氨酸自组膜上固定抗体（羊抗小鼠IgG）制备免疫传感器，分别与巯基十一酸自组膜和32-巯基-3，6，9，12，15，18，21-七氧杂三十二烷酸（EG6COOH）自组膜免疫传感器比较其性能。结果发现通过半胱氨酸自组膜制备的免疫传感器具有最好的灵敏度。能够在13min内。0．05～5．4μg／L范围对游离IgG灵敏检测，检测下限为0．05μg／L。     

1,3-丙二硫醇自组装膜修饰金电极表面聚鲁米诺的电化学特性

用1,3-丙二硫醇修饰的金电极表面形成了具有针孔结构的单分子自组装膜,且在酸性条件下,鲁米诺分子能够在该针孔膜内进行电化学聚合、形成1,3-丙二硫醇/聚鲁米诺复合膜。电化学研究结果表明,相比于在裸金电极表面直接进行电化学聚合形成的聚鲁米诺膜,1,3-丙二硫醇/聚鲁米诺复合膜具有较高的电化学催化氧化抗坏血酸活性。在最佳实验条件下,该复合膜对抗坏血酸测定的检出限低至0.3μmol/L。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…