离子液体双水相萃取测定卷烟烟气中酚类物质的研究

建立了卷烟烟气中邻-苯二酚、间-苯二酚、对-苯二酚、苯酚、邻-甲酚、间-甲酚和对-甲酚几种酚类物质的高效液相色谱检测方法.用25%的乙醇水溶液对卷烟样品进行超声提取,再经离子液体双水相分离富集,用高效液相色谱二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-FLD)测定.该方法的富集倍数可以达到20倍,整个操作过程在常温下进行,时间不超过15 min.实验结果表明,在0.02～20 ng/L范围内,几种酚类物质的峰面积均与其质量浓度呈线性相关,R2≥0.999 6,检出限分别为0.06,5.2,1.2,5.3,0.03,0.04 ng/L,相对标准偏差为1.4%～4.6%,回收率为85.1%～96.9%.该方法具有良好的重现性、精密度和更低的检测限.     

6-氨乙胺基-6-脱氧壳聚糖对卷烟烟气中苯酚的吸附性能

以壳聚糖(CS)、氯化亚砜和乙二胺为原料,制备6-氨乙胺基-6-脱氧壳聚糖(ACS).产物采用傅里叶变换红外光谱,氢谱核磁和元素分析等方法进行表征.研究ACS在溶液中对苯酚的吸附性能,以及对卷烟主流烟气中有害成分的吸附情况.结果表明:在pH值为5.0,吸附时间为2 h的条件下,ACS对苯酚的吸附量随着苯酚质量浓度的增大而增加,其对苯酚的饱和吸附量为140.85 mg·g^-1;ACS作为添加剂应用到卷烟滤嘴中,可不同程度地减少主流烟气中的7种有害成分,对烟气中的苯酚具有选择性吸附效果;常规滤嘴、含CS和ACS滤嘴的卷烟危害指数分别为8.04,7.41和6.78.     

卷烟主流烟气中的4种重要杂环胺的SPE-GC/MS法测定研究

采用酸性溶剂萃取卷烟主流烟气剑桥滤片捕集物,目标分析物经固相萃取小柱分离富集后,应用气质联用仪进行定量分析,从而建立卷烟主流烟气中4种杂环胺的测定方法.4种待测物的检出限在0.14～0.24ng/支之间,样品加标回收率在79.7%至86.2%之间.工作曲线的相关系数均大于0.997.应用该方法测定了国内在售的10个重点品牌卷烟样品,结果显示1-甲基-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚(Harman)、9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚(Norharman)、2-胺基-9H-吡啶并[2,3-b]吲哚(AαC)、2-胺基-3-甲基-9H-吡啶并[2,3-b]吲哚(MeAαC)的含量范围分别为433.0～959.1ng/支、1220.4～2796.4ng/支、55.0～82.8ng/支、3.0～24.1ng/支.相关性分析结果表明Harman、Norharman和MeAαC分别与实测焦油量存在一定的线性相关性,且卷烟主流烟气中4种杂环胺的含量同卷烟类型无明显关联.     

超高效液相色谱法测定卷烟主流烟气中的苯酚

建立了超高效液相色谱测定卷烟主流烟气中的苯酚的方法.卷烟主流烟气用剑桥滤片捕集,滤片用1%乙酸水溶液超声提取,以ACQUITY UPLC BEH Shield RP18(2.1mm×50mm,1.7μm)色谱柱为固定相,1%醋酸溶液和V(醋酸)∶V(乙腈)∶V(水)=1∶30∶69的混合液为流动相分离,流速为0.6mL/min.用荧光检测器检测,激发波为272nm,发射波长为309nm.在该色谱条件下,苯酚质量浓度在0.186～3.72μg/mL内成良好的线性关系,该法的回收率为97%～102%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.25%,检测限1.67ng,每样分析时间仅需2min.     

水合肼修饰壳聚糖在卷烟烟气吸附的应用

以壳聚糖(CS)、水合肼等为原料,制备氨基化壳聚糖(AHCS).采用傅里叶红外光谱、X-射线衍射及热重分别对产物的化学结构、结晶性和热稳定性进行表征.将CS和AHCS作为添加剂分别添加到卷烟滤嘴中,研究其对卷烟主流烟气中有害成分的吸附作用.对卷烟烟气中有害成分及气粒相物进行测定,结果表明:含CS和AHCS的卷烟滤嘴的危害指数分别为7.41和7.11,与常规滤嘴相比分别下降7.84%和11.57%;添加AHCS滤嘴的苯酚释放量为6.92 μg·支^-1,下降30.52%,其对苯酚具有选择性吸附.     

用于考察外源添加剂对卷烟特殊烟气指标影响的样品制备因子筛选

为筛选用于考察外源添加剂对卷烟特殊烟气指标影响的样品制备关键控制因子,采用L8(27)正交试验设计进行香兰素及乙基麦芽酚的添加实验.卷烟特殊烟气指标变化数值通过极差分析、方差分析,结果显示:参比卷烟种类是影响主流烟气氢氰酸、巴豆醛释放量的高度显著因子或显著因子;就试验采用的1R5F和3R4F参比卷烟而言,添加剂在高焦油3R4F卷烟中对特殊烟气指标的影响比其在低焦油1R5F卷烟中的影响大;添加方式是影响主流烟气苯酚、氨、巴豆醛释放量的显著因子,添加剂用卷烟注射机注射要比用微量注射器手工注射更均匀、准确;另外,添加剂种类是影响主流烟气中苯酚释放量的显著因子.因此,规范样品制备,可减少误差、保证后续外源添加剂加入对卷烟特殊烟气指标影响评价结果和推断的可靠性及科学性.     

GPC-气相色谱质谱法测定卷烟主流烟气中的苯并[a]芘

建立了用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)联用GC-SIM-MS法测定卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘的方法.卷烟烟气样品经环己烷超声萃取,GPC系统分离纯化后,经浓缩后用GC-SIM-MS分析测定.与经固相萃/R(SPE)分离纯化的样品相比,通过GPC系统处理后,卷烟烟气样品的干扰烽大大减小,样品谱图干净.该方法测定苯并[a]芘的线性范围为:10.00ng/mL～130.00ng/mL;相关系数R2为O.999 1,检出限为0.99ng/mL,加标回收率为91.70%-103.40%.GPC系统在处理卷烟烟气样品上有独特的优势,该方法适宜应用于卷烟主流烟气中苯并[a]芘含量检测.     

卷烟主流烟气的判别分析

利用实际生产批次的卷烟主流烟气检测数据,以总粒相物、烟碱、焦油等6种烟气指标检测结果为指标,用minitab统计软件对不同来源的同牌号卷烟主流烟气进行判别分析,建立卷烟主流烟气指标的判别函数,用自身验证和交互验证对判别函数进行回判,准确率分别达100%和95.00%;用新样品对判别函数进行检验,准确率达95.00%,检验结果令人满意.所用的判别分析方法可行,建立的判别函数有效。     

气相色谱-质谱法检测卷烟烟气中的苯并[a]芘

通过固相萃取方法去除卷烟烟气中杂质对分析物苯并[a]芘的影响,建立了气相色谱-选择离子(SIM)质谱方法分析卷烟烟气中有害物质苯并[a]芘的量,该方法的相对标准偏差为3.2%,回收率为96.3%,检测限可达到0.07ng/支卷烟.检测了国内外卷烟烟气中苯并[a]芘的量,结果显示国产烤烟型卷烟烟气中苯并[a]芘的量明显高于国外混合型卷烟.     

单壁碳纳米管-Nafion修饰电极同时测定硝基苯酚异构体

采用单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)-Nafion修饰电极作为工作电极,对邻、间、对硝基苯酚进行同时测定,实现了硝基苯酚异构体不经分离同时测定.邻硝基苯酚(o-NP)、间硝基苯酚(m-NP)和对硝基苯酚(p-NP)的线性范围分别为3.0×10-5～9.0×10-5,1.0×10-5～7.0×10-5,8.0×10-6～5.0×10-5 mol/L;检出限分别为6.0×10-6,4.0×10-6,1.0×10-6 mol/L.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.