含马来酰亚胺酚醛树脂在环氧改性中的应用

以N-(4-羟基苯基)马来酰亚胺为改性剂,合成了一系列不同马来酰亚胺含量的酚醛树脂(PMF),并以此作为一种新型的环氧固化剂对环氧树脂的热性能和阻燃性能进行改性研究.固化物的热性能研究发现由于马来酰亚胺结构的引入,固化物的初始热分解温度(380℃)和残炭率(700℃,48.6%)都有较大的提高.固化物的阻燃性能测试表明HPM的引入可有效地提高环氧固化物的阻燃性能.     

N-苯基马来酰亚胺的合成方法研究

通过共沸法合成了树脂耐热改性剂—N-苯基马来酰亚胺,考察了原料配比,反应温度、反应时间以及催化剂用量对反应收率的影响,结果表明,该反应的优化条件为:原料配比为n(顺丁烯二酸酐)/n(苯胺)=3∶1,反应温度控制在70℃左右,反应时间为3h,催化剂用量为苯胺用量的0.2%。反应产物红外光谱确认为N-苯基马来酰亚胺,收率为83%,纯度为99.2%。     

N-苯基溴代马来酰亚胺和胺的亲核取代反应

针对氨基马来酰亚胺骨架的重要性,以芳香胺和N-苯基溴代马来酰亚胺为原料,通过亲核取代反应制备了氨基马来酰亚胺产物。考察了碱的类型、溶剂和反应温度等条件对亲核取代反应产率的影响。进行了氨基马来酰亚胺取代产物的Pd/C还原反应和水解反应,探索了非天然N-芳基天冬氨酸的制备条件。实验结果表明:在75℃条件下,以碳酸氢钠为碱,乙醇作为溶剂时,氨基马来酰亚胺的产率可达97%。亲核取代反应产物在碱性条件下水解可以获得酰亚胺单水解产物。     

N-苯基溴代马来酰亚胺和胺的亲核取代反应

针对氨基马来酰亚胺骨架的重要性,以芳香胺和N-苯基溴代马来酰亚胺为原料,通过亲核取代反应制备了氨基马来酰亚胺产物。考察了碱的类型、溶剂和反应温度等条件对亲核取代反应产率的影响。进行了氨基马来酰亚胺取代产物的Pd/C还原反应和水解反应,探索了非天然N-芳基天冬氨酸的制备条件。实验结果表明:在75℃条件下,以碳酸氢钠为碱,乙醇作为溶剂时,氨基马来酰亚胺的产率可达97%。亲核取代反应产物在碱性条件下水解可以获得酰亚胺单水解产物。     

松香马来酰亚胺聚酯的合成及热稳定性研究

本文研究N-(对-,间-,邻-羧苯基)-松香马来酰亚胺聚酯的合成方法及其热稳定性能.在催化剂存在下,N-(对-,间-,邻-羧苯基)-松香马来酰亚胺三种异构体与乙二醇进行缩聚反应生成三种松香马来酐聚酰亚胺酯(分别称为PPEI、PMEI、POEI)的产率分别为80%,80%,72%.在反应体系分别添加一定量的H_2SO_2,H_3PO_4,H_3BO_3,ZnO,Sb_2O_3与(CH_3CO_2)Zn(1:1),H_3BO_3与ZnO(1:1)做催化剂时,对缩聚反应均有催化作用,其中以H_3BO_3与ZnO(1:1)的催化效果最好.升高缩聚反应体系的温度则反应产率随之增高.经溶解性能试验、傅里叶红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱测试表明合成的三种聚酰亚胺酯为目标产物.热重分析(TGA)表明这三种聚酞亚胺酯的ONSET温度均超过470℃,显示出高的热稳定性能.     

氯化亚锡催化还原合成4-氨基苯基马来酰亚胺研究

本文研究了氯化亚锡催化还原4-硝基苯基马来酰亚胺并合成了一种新型的NPMI类化合物——N-（4-氨基苯基）马来酰亚胺,考察了温度、催化剂、中合剂、萃取剂、酸度和萃取次数等因素对反应的影响,确定了反应的优化条件。在反应温度60℃、n（氯化亚锡）：n（4-硝基苯基马来酰亚胺）=5：1、n（盐酸1：1）：n（4-硝基苯基马来酰亚胺）=20：1、无水碳酸钙作中合剂、乙酸乙酯作萃取剂、萃取次数6次的条件下,4-氨基苯基马来酰亚胺收率在50%左右。     

一种马来酰亚胺双酚A型苯并噁嗪的合成研究

以顺丁烯二酸酐、对硝基苯胺、甲醛、双酚A为原料,采用多步反应经中间产物N-(4-硝基苯基)马来酰亚胺(NPMI)、N-(4-氨基苯基)马来酰亚胺(APMI)、1,3,5-三(4-(马来酰亚胺)苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪(TMIPT)等最终合成出双(2,4-二氢-2H-3-(4-N-马来酰亚胺)苯基-1,3-苯并嗯嗪)异丙...     

复合型MTOA固化环氧树脂F级绝缘材料

研究了马来酰亚胺桐油酸酐(MTOA)耐热固化剂及固化环氧树脂绝缘材料的特性．证明了MTOA环氧胶具有桐油酸酐(TOA)环氧胶相似的固化特性．结果表明MTOA可快速固化环氧树脂，该固化物有高的耐热性能、机械性能和高温电气性能．可用于耐热胶粘剂、浸渍漆和F级耐热绝缘材料，适用于大型高压发电机．     

苯乙烯-co-N-苯基马来酰亚胺无规共聚物的合成与性能

以过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,环己酮为溶剂,用半连续溶液聚合法合成了苯乙烯-co-N-苯基马来酰亚胺无规共聚物.通过调节单体投料比,制得含N-苯基马来酰亚胺质量分数为17%~55%之间的二元共聚物.采用FTIR、元素分析、13CNMR技术对共聚物的化学组成、链序列结构进行了测试表征.证明该共聚物链序列结构无规、化学组成均一,这种结构特征将大大提高其与被改性的基体树脂的相容性.此外,用DSC,TGA对共聚物的热性能进行研究,得出共聚物组成中N-苯基马来酰亚胺的含量与其耐热性及热稳定性的规律曲线.随着N-苯基马来酰亚胺含量的增加,共聚物耐热性和热稳定性均明显提高.所以该共聚物是一种理想的树脂耐热改性剂.     

渤海大学自主知识产权(五)

【专利名称】负载型催化剂在合成N-苯基马来酰亚胺的应用【发明人】刘琳,钱建华,王道林,等【简介】N-苯基马来酰亚胺是合成功能性高分子材料的刚性耐热单体,也是一种医药、农药和染料的中间体。可作为聚合物的原料和ABS树脂的耐热、耐冲击性改性剂。而且在PVC、PMMA树脂和感光材料中可作为耐热改性剂,也可作为天然橡胶和合成橡胶中硫化交联剂,用来制造耐热聚合物,植物生长促进剂等农用化学品。N-苯基马来酰亚胺也具     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.