基于电容微位移传感器的大载荷微动台的研制

在超精密光学工程等领域,为了满足大质量部件的超精密进给定位应用需求,设计并研制了一种大载荷的纳米定位平台。该纳米微动承载台采用双闭式气浮导轨,由压电陶瓷致动器结合柔性铰链提供驱动,通过电容微位移传感器实时监测终端承载台位移并实现闭环反馈控制,有效地克服了压电陶瓷致动器的非线性影响因素,并消除了系统由于形变或应力释放等因素产生的不确定性干扰。在传统纯柔性铰链传动机构上增设了双导轨气浮承载台,显著增强了系统的载荷能力,气浮均化效应也提高了系统进给运行的直线性,双压电推拉式驱动方式提高了系统结构刚度,电容微位移传感器取代双频激光干涉仪或电阻式位移传感器的应用,降低了系统运行尤其是测量系统对环境条件苛刻的要求,也保证了平台进给的定位精度和长期稳定性。在载荷为100 kg情况下,定位精度达±2 nm,行程大于10μm。实验结果表明,大载荷纳米微动台能够满足大质量部件的纳米级超精密定位需求。     

微纳米压电陶瓷驱动器的迟滞特性建模

为了高精度地测量微纳米压电陶瓷的驱动特性,研究了一种基于最优模板尺寸的改进图像块匹配位移测量算法;结合Preisach模型,建立了压电陶瓷驱动器迟滞特性模型.首先,研究了不同模板尺寸对位移测量精度的影响,得到了基于标准模板的最优模板尺寸;然后,介绍了Preisach模型用于压电陶瓷驱动器迟滞建模的原理;最后,使用纳米平台系统验证了改进的亚像素模板匹配算法和迟滞特性建模方法的有效性和准确性.     

微纳米压电陶瓷驱动器的迟滞特性建模

为了高精度地测量微纳米压电陶瓷的驱动特性,研究了一种基于最优模板尺寸的改进图像块匹配位移测量算法;结合Preisach模型,建立了压电陶瓷驱动器迟滞特性模型.首先,研究了不同模板尺寸对位移测量精度的影响,得到了基于标准模板的最优模板尺寸;然后,介绍了Preisach模型用于压电陶瓷驱动器迟滞建模的原理;最后,使用纳米平台系统验证了改进的亚像素模板匹配算法和迟滞特性建模方法的有效性和准确性.     

多维微传动平台设计及基于RPY角的运动特性分析

为了满足精密制造领域对于传动平台多自由度及大行程的要求,基于空间机构学,设计了由压电陶瓷驱动柔性铰链导向的六自由度微传动平台.针对压电陶瓷输出位移小的缺点,设计桥式机构对其输出位移进行放大,并利用线切割对传动平台进行一次性加工,得到具有大行程的一体式传动平台.通过齐次坐标变换得到了补充修正后的RPY(滚动-俯仰-偏转)角姿态描述方法,利用此方法分析传动平台的运动特性,通过虚功原理和坐标变换理论,建立了微传动平台的运动学模型,得到了压电陶瓷驱动位移与传动平台运动位移之间的映射关系,以及微传动平台6个方向的静态刚度及其变化规律.利用ANSYS12.0对传动平台进行有限元仿真,并搭建实验平台进行实验测试,实验结果与理论模型和仿真结果的对比分析验证了理论模型的正确性及平台结构的合理性.     

纳米级压电陶瓷微位移系统的研究

介绍了一种用于纳米磨削的新型微位移系统,该系统由压电陶瓷微位移工作台和计算机控制的专用驱动电源组成,系统精度与压电陶瓷致动器和控制系统密切相关。阐述了以压电陶瓷致动器为核心的微位移工作台和驱动电源的设计原理和设计特点,并用已研制成的高精度高分辩率微位移系统实现了陶瓷样件的纳米镜面磨制。     

三自由度精密定位工作台的设计与运动学分析

针对精密柔性工作台多自由度高精度运动的需求,设计了一种采用柔性并联构型和压电陶瓷驱动的三自由度定位平台,通过建立的伪刚体模型进行运动学正解分析,并引入修正系数消除长杆柔性及柔性铰链中心偏移对工作台位移输出的影响,进一步提高了所建数学模型的精确度.利用有限元分析工具仿真了所设计的定位工作台的性能,确定了该工作台的修正系数矩阵,最终仿真试验验证了所建运动学模型的正确性.     

用压电陶瓷实现精密工件台的微定位控制

以压电陶瓷微位移原理为基础，对精密驱动技术在精密定位工件台上的应用作了实验研究。设计了一个包括高压精密可调电源、压电微位移驱动器、作为反馈元件的光栅干涉仪、以及由ＩＢＭＰＣ机和单片机组成的控制系统。     

基于白光干涉的MEMS三维表面形貌测量

利用白光干涉垂直扫描原理,设计了测量微机电系统(MEMS)表面形貌特征的垂直扫描白光干涉系统.该系统由垂直扫描位移工作台驱动被测件,通过检测被测件表面的干涉条纹变化得到表面形貌.垂直扫描位移工作台利用压电陶瓷驱动柔性铰链结构进行纳米驱动,光栅传感器监控整个垂直扫描过程,对压电陶瓷的非线性误差进行实时补偿.垂直扫描位移工作台的性能分析表明:分辨率达到1 nm,定位精度小于10 nm.同时采用图像分析技术对光学仪器测量台阶出现的噪声进行了消噪处理,试验结果表明垂直扫描白光干涉系统能够实现MEMS三维表面形貌的高精度测量.     

基于LabVIEW的压电陶瓷相移器控制系统

压电陶瓷(PZT)作为微位移的执行装置,在光学测量方面得到广泛的应用.运用虚拟仪器软件设计的压电陶瓷相移器驱动、校正与位移精度控制系统,准确方便地实现了对压电陶瓷相移器的控制.通过LabVIEW编写的程序采集数据对PZT的位移量进行分析和计算,提出一种测量PZT驱动电压与位移曲线的新方法.通过Lab-VIEW控制数据采集卡的输出电压来控制PZT的驱动,位移精度可以达到纳米(nm)量级.     

压电式微位移补偿机构

设计了一种压电式微位移补偿机构．采用压电陶瓷作为微位移驱动器，柔性铰链为导向机构，对传统电机驱动的丝杠螺母进给工作台运动位置进行自动补偿，实现了工作台二次精密定位．提高工作台的定位精度。设计的柔性铰链微位移放大器．可使工作台定位精度达0．01μm．满足许多精密、超精密加工场合需要。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.