混有智能网联车队的交通流基本图模型分析

为了探究高速公路混有智能网联车队交通流特性,构建了混合交通流中不同类型车辆随机分布特性的数学解析表达;考虑期望车头间距随速度动态变化的交通流特性,建立了混合交通流中不同类型车辆的跟驰模型.基于此,推导了混有智能网联车队的交通流基本图模型,并对模型参数渗透率p和最大车队规模的敏感性进行了分析.仿真结果表明,随着p值的增加,道路交通流通行能力随之提升,当p0.3时,渗透率增加对于混合交通流通行能力提升效果并不显著,而当p0.5时,混合交通流通行能力随着渗透率增加提升效果显著;另外,随着智能网联车辆的渗透率p增加,车队规模的限制对交通流通行能力的影响越来越明显,当p0.5时,车队规模宜保持在4～6之间,而p接近1时,车队规模增大对通行能力的提升效果更加显著.     

混有CACC和ACC车辆的连续型元胞自动机交通流模型

现有的混合交通流元胞自动机模型中自动驾驶车辆与手动驾驶车辆在跟驰模型上大多仅存在反应时间上的差别,并不能体现自动驾驶上层控制系统实时调节加速度保持车速稳定的特点,基于Gipps模型和PATH实验室标定的ACC和CACC跟驰模型提出了更符合自动驾驶机理的连续型元胞自动机模型。通过计算机数值仿真分别从速度,流量,拥堵比例以及期望车间时距方面对不同渗透率下的混合交通流进行分析。结果表明,智能网联车辆能有效提高道路通行能力,且能大幅减少交通拥堵;智能网联车渗透率越高,开始出现拥堵车辆的密度临界值越大;同时道路通行能力随期望车间时距减小而增大。     

混合网联环境快速路交织区交通流特性分析

在混合人工驾驶车辆(human-driven vehicle, HV)与网联自动驾驶车辆(connected and autonomous vehicle, CAV)的交通流环境下，为提升快速路交织区的通行效率与行车安全性，深入分析了混合交通流的基本特性.首先，结合交织区通行能力计算模型，研究交织区域长度、交织交通量比和CAV渗透率等因素对交织区通行能力的影响；其次，推导混合交通流基本图模型，并在不同期望车头时距和CAV渗透率下对混合交通流基本图参数进行分析；最后，通过数值仿真实验，分别探讨在由车辆换道行为所产生的单一扰动和频繁扰动条件下，混合交通流行驶速度与车头间距的时空演化规律及交通流稳定性.结果表明：CAV渗透率的提升可以提高交织区通行能力以及混合交通流交通效率；交织交通量比的减小和交织区域长度的增大可提高交织区通行能力；提升CAV渗透率可以有效提高混合交通流的稳定性，但较小的车头间距也会造成一定的安全隐患.     

混有网联车队的高速公路通行能力分析

智能网联环境下车辆跟车间距减小,连续行驶的网联车辆可以组建为柔性车队,车队内车辆可以保持更小的车头间距行驶,进而有效提高道路通行能力。文中针对高速公路基本路段传统车辆和网联车辆混行交通流,提出了交通流稳态条件下4种可能的车辆跟驰特性及其空间分布概率,进而建立了高速公路基本路段的基本图模型和车辆换算系数(PCE)计算方法,并进行了网联车辆渗透率和车队规模等参数的敏感性分析。研究结果表明,网联车辆渗透率的提高和车队规模的增加有利于提升通行能力和减小车辆换算系数,且网联车辆渗透率越大正面影响愈明显。另外,当车队规模大于4后,车队规模的增加对通行能力的提升和换算系数的降低作用明显减弱。     

考虑时延的网联车混合交通流基本图模型

由于智能网联车的不断发展,未来将出现智能网联车和人工驾驶车共同存在的混合交通流,因此,研究道路上的混合交通有助于解决交通拥堵等问题,具有一定的现实意义。为探究这类混合交通流的流量、密度和速度之间的关系,文中综合考虑智能网联车辆退化和车辆时延,建立了自动驾驶环境下混合交通流的基本图模型。首先,确定交通流中的车辆类型和不同类型车辆的比例,并考虑联网智能车辆跟随人工车辆时发生的车辆功能退化;然后,确定3种车辆的延迟时间并改进每种车辆的跟驰模型;在此基础上,同时考虑车辆时延和车辆功能退化两种因素,推导出交通流平衡时的基本图模型,并对模型中的自由流速度参数进行敏感度分析。研究结果表明,智能网联车对混合交通流的最大流量和最佳密度有积极影响,车辆时延有消极影响,自由流速度则对混合交通流的最大流量有积极影响,对最佳密度有消极影响。SUMO仿真结果表明,在不同场景下仿真得到的流量–密度分布点符合理论曲线,验证了文中理论模型的准确性。     

网联混合车流车辆换道博弈行为及模型

车联网环境中,交通系统将长期呈现智能网联汽车和传统人工驾驶车辆混合共存的状况.针对智能网联交通环境下的新型混合车流,建立了车辆的换道行为决策模型.对于混合车辆交通流引入最小安全区域模型,自主车辆交通流基于博弈论的思想进行建模.自主车辆之间的换道被看作为1种非合作博弈行为,车辆以自身行驶状态为博弈收益,寻求行驶条件更优的车道.运用SUMO软件对提出的换道模型进行仿真验证分析.仿真结果表明,博弈换道模型相比于传统间隙阈值接受模型具有较高的车道利用率和安全稳定性.     

网联辅助驾驶混合交通流稳定性及安全性分析

针对常规人工驾驶车辆和网联辅助驾驶车辆随机混合的交通流,分析其稳定性与安全性.基于紧跟常规车的网联车退化为常规车的跟驰特性,提出了网联车随机退化为常规车情形的数学期望表达式,进而建立网联车混合交通流稳定性的一般性分析方法.选取全速度差模型和智能驾驶员模型分别作为常规车和网联车跟驰模型,进行混合交通流稳定性案例分析,考虑常规车与网联车相对数量及相对空间位置的随机性,设计上匝道瓶颈交通安全影响的数值仿真实验.研究结果表明,网联车有助于提升交通流稳定性与安全性,平衡态速度越接近9.8~10.6 m/s速度范围,混合交通流满足稳定状态所需的网联车市场率临界值越大;当网联车市场率大于0.37时,混合交通流可在任意平衡态速度下稳定;相比于常规车交通流,网联车交通流的交通安全水平可提高54.29%~71.36%.     

智能网联车环境下异质交通流稳定性及安全性分析

针对未来道路上由人工驾驶车辆(Human Driven Vehicles,HDVs)和智能网联车(Intelligent and Connected Vehicles, ICVs)所组成的异质交通流,对其稳定性与安全性进行研究.首先,利用全速度差模型(Full Velocity Difference, FVD)和协同自适应巡航控制模型(Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control, CACC)分别描述人工驾驶车辆和智能网联车的跟驰特性.然后,通过分析不同智能网联车渗透率下异质交通流的线性稳定性,得出其稳定性条件.最后,采用数值仿真实验进行验证,选取多项安全指标评估了不同渗透率下异质交通流的安全性.结果表明:随着渗透率的增加,交通流的车速离散程度减小,即表示安全性能提高;安全指标降低比例减少,即表示交通安全风险降低.因此,智能网联车的应用有助于提高交通安全.     

基于元胞自动机理论对双车道交通模型的改进

为了提升道路的交通运行流量,建立了模拟双车道交通流行驶的元胞自动机模型,作出在不同行车规则和不同交通条件下的车辆运行情况的时空轨迹图,找到了行车规则影响交通流的根本因素,并合理优化行车规则,改进了道路的实际通行能力.     

车联网环境下匝道汇入区瓶颈换道优化

高快速路汇入区（即合流区）瓶颈是交通流运行的咽喉，汇入瓶颈交通流失效会加剧拥堵，诱发交通振荡以及事故率上升等一系列问题。与现有研究大都通过调节匝道汇入车辆行为或主线车辆速度进而试图改善汇入区交通流问题不同，该研究聚焦于瓶颈汇入区上游主线车辆，通过动态调节汇入区上游主线车道车辆分布，提升汇入区通行能力。具体而言，研究提出一种可以对网联车（CV）进行双向换道建议的混合整数线性规划模型，该方法不依赖于交通流基本图设定的临界密度，通过实时计算每一辆个体CV的向左、向右或保持车道决策以优化车道流量分布，减少汇入车辆干扰，提升汇入效率。基于VISSIM交通仿真软件，通过二次开发搭建了汇入区瓶颈换道优化实时仿真评估系统，并对该方法进行了验证，测试不同流量组合和不同CV渗透率下算法的有效性。各车道时空轨迹表明该换道建议优化方法可以有效减小汇入车辆冲突，车均延误分析结果表明在单车道平均流量1 550 ~1 800 veh·h^-1区间，即汇入瓶颈失效关键流量区段，换道建议优化方案相比原方案能显著改善汇入区的运行效率，车均延误可降低10 %~50 %左右。CV渗透率敏感性分析表明，在较低的0.2~0.5渗透率下即可达到减小延误的目标。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.