全长粘结型锚杆的界面元分析

利用界面元法来研究岩体中的不连续问题是非常有效的.通过构建界面元精化模型,系统分析了拉拔作用下全长粘结型锚杆的杆侧正应力分布特征及其破坏过程、灌浆体应力特征及其破坏过程及不同锚杆直径(DB)下杆侧剪应力的分布,获得全长粘结型锚杆的工作机理.     

全长粘结式锚杆拉拔试验的数值实现

为实现土锚相互作用的数值模拟,研究全长粘结式锚杆拉拔工况下的受力变形特征,利用FLAC 3D建立数值模型,分析锚杆受力特征、土体响应,以及拉拨性能的影响因素.结果表明:①接触面单元能较好地模拟土锚相互作用特征;②锚杆拉拔过程的峰值位移和极限拉拔力均与锚杆长度呈显著线性关系;③锚杆极限拉拔力与锚杆直径同样呈线性关系;④锚杆拉拔过程中,周围土体受到一定影响,其影响范围为:深度2L(L为锚杆长度),水平约1.5L.     

考虑土体变形与界面剪切耦合作用锚杆拉拔响应

针对土层锚杆在拉拔荷载作用下的轴向变形问题,考虑锚杆周边土体变形与锚-土界面剪切的耦合作用,建立了表征锚杆锚固体荷载传递机理的有限差分物理模型。通过数值编程求解该模型,获得了不同拉拔荷载水平下的锚杆轴向变形和土体剪切变形的解答,从而明确了锚固体在拉拔过程中荷载变形曲线和沿杆体长度方向的轴力分布规律。方法与荷载传递方法和剪切位移法等对某实际工程中灌浆锚杆案例进行分析,将各方法所获解答与实测数据进行了对比分析。结果表明:考虑土体变形与界面剪切耦合的模型可以获得与实测数据更为吻合的荷载位移曲线和轴力分布,验证了该模型的优越性和准确性。     

地下洞室全长粘结式锚杆受力分析方法

以地下洞室全长粘结式锚杆为研究对象,分析了锚杆与围岩荷载传递机制,导出了相应的荷载传递基本微分方程.结合围岩自由变形,采用有限差分法求解方程,进而得到锚固体轴力和界面剪应力沿杆长分布.采用二折线剪切滑移模型描述锚固体界面力学特性,考虑锚固体滑移,将界面的超余剪应力转化为模型节点荷载,通过不断更新围岩位移以修正锚固体内力.基于此锚杆算法,模拟了拉拔试验,结果表明该方法合理、可行.通过对某引水隧洞特征锚杆的受力分析,计算了围岩弹模、界面剪切刚度、砂浆厚度、锚杆直径和锚杆长度对锚固体受力的影响,计算结果可为地下洞室锚杆布置优化提供理论依据.     

全长黏结GFRP抗浮锚杆拉拔特性分析

通过非线性有限元软件ABAQUS中的Cohesive黏结单元模拟锚杆杆体-灌浆体界面、灌浆体-周围岩体界面之间的接触,建立玻璃纤维增强聚合物(GFRP)抗浮锚杆杆体-基岩的轴对称数值计算模型,探究全长黏结GFRP抗浮锚杆的拉拔特征和变形规律。研究结果表明:本文建立的有限元模型能够较好地反映GFRP抗浮锚杆的荷载-位移关系、轴应力及剪应力沿锚固深度的分布规律。随着拉拔荷载的增加,灌浆体的应力逐渐增大并沿锚固深度向下传递,灌浆体应力的影响范围也逐渐扩大;周围岩体的应力持续增大,GFRP抗浮锚杆对周围岩体的横向作用范围也相应增大。锚筋弹性模量越小,轴应力与剪应力传递深度越浅;GFRP锚杆轴应力的衰减速率比钢筋抗浮锚杆的衰减速率快。随着GFRP抗浮锚杆的锚固长度的增加,轴应力衰减速率加快,轴应力传递深度减小,剪应力峰值点与地表的距离增大,剪应力峰值和传递深度变小。     

基于岩体围压和弹模变化的GFRP土钉加固效果数值模拟分析

通过有限元数值模拟分析,研究了GFRP土钉加固岩土体在不同的弹性模量和围压条件下界面应力的分布规律.研究结果表明,随着岩体围压的增高,剪应力分布越集中于土钉的前端,但是这种影响不是很明显;随着岩体弹性模量的增大,接触界面的剪应力分布越不均匀,应力向锚固前端的集中程度越高,且应力的最大值越大,所以GFRP土钉更适合于加固软岩.     

地震作用下含软弱层锚固岩质边坡界面剪切作用

针对地震作用下全长黏结锚杆锚固岩质边坡锚杆-砂浆界面上和砂浆-岩体界面上,即两锚固界面上的剪切作用,利用FLAC3D软件分别采用实体单元和接触面单元建立含软弱层锚固顺层岩质边坡数值模型,探究了水平向简谐波作用下两锚固界面上的剪切作用和锚杆轴力分布以及它们的演化规律。结果表明:采用实体单元和接触面单元相结合的建模方式可行,锚固界面剪切作用和脱黏破坏均可得到很好的体现和反映,两锚固界面上的剪应力和锚杆轴力的分布不均匀,软弱层处剪应力为零而轴力最大;随地震动持续输入,两锚固界面剪应力和锚杆轴力呈递增之势,锚固界面发生脱黏破坏并向锚杆两端发展,远离中性点的锚固界面得以调用,峰值剪应力向锚杆两端转移。揭示了地震作用下含软弱层锚固顺层岩质边坡破坏机理,对岩土锚固的研究和设计施工均具有重要意义。     

可回收式锚杆拉拔试验的数值模拟与影响因素分析

为了分析影响可回收式锚杆抗拔力的因素,在对可回收式锚杆现场拉拔试验研究的基础上,建立可回收式锚杆三维有限元模型.通过数值模拟分析,探讨可回收式锚杆的受力机理和破坏形式,得到可回收式锚杆的锚固体与周围土体之间的界面剪应力分布和传递规律.分析表明,可回收式锚杆的破坏主要是由于锚固体与周围土体之间的界面剪应力大于界面粘结力而引起的,而且界面剪应力分布不仅与外荷载、锚固长度和锚固体半径有关,锚固体也存在着临界长度和临界半径.     

地下水基坑预应力锚杆复合土钉支护的稳定性

为研究预应力锚杆复合土钉支护体系参数中土钉长度、倾斜角度、锚杆锚固段长度对基坑稳定性的影响,采用有限元方法,考虑地下水影响,建立基坑数值分析模型,通过强度折减法,研究预应力锚杆复合土钉支护与普通土钉支护在稳定性方面的差异.研究结果表明:预应力锚杆复合土钉支护土钉长度超过10 m时,对基坑稳定性影响效果显著;复合土钉支护土钉倾角由0°到15°改变时对基坑稳定性影响较大;锚固段长度的改变对基坑稳定性影响并不显著,当锚杆总长度及预应力值一定的情况下,存在锚固段与自由段长度的最优分配,使得锚杆施力最为合理,基坑最为安全.     

GFRP锚杆锚固特性研究

通过玻璃纤维增强塑料（GFRP）锚杆与水泥砂浆之间的粘结强度试验，研究了GFRP锚杆的锚固特性．包括不同强度等级砂浆对粘结强度的影响和GFRP锚杆直径对锚杆拉拔性能的影响．采用理论分析方法，研究了GFRP锚杆表面沿锚固长度方向的应力分布，获得了锚杆轴力和粘结应力沿杆长的分布规律．并采用数值模拟方法对结果进行了验证．     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.