一体化两相厌氧反应器处理猪场废水的启动研究

采用自行设计的一体化两相厌氧反应器处理猪场废水,对启动过程进行研究.在37 ℃下,通过交替增加进水化学需氧量(COD)浓度和缩短水力停留时间(HRT)来提高系统的COD容积负荷(VLR),采用动力学控制与pH值调节相结合的方法对产酸相和产甲烷相进行分相.经过68天的运行,系统的VLR达到8.84 kg/(m3·d),HRT为20.95 h,产酸相的COD去除率基本维持在20.00%～30.00%,系统的COD去除率稳定在80.00%以上.其中产酸相的VLR和HRT分别为31.11 kg/(m3·d) 和5.95 h,产甲烷相的VLR和HRT分别为9.39 kg/(m3·d)和15.00 h.出水悬浮固体(SS)含量均在400 mg/L以下,去除率最高可达92.80%,沼气的容积产气率达到2.57 m3/(m3·d).     

水解酸化-接触氧化法对含油污水处理效能研究

含油污水的处理是油田亟需解决的问题,通过对大庆油田实际含油污水分别进行厌氧处理、好氧处理、厌氧+好氧组合工艺处理以及生物强化后的组合工艺的生物处理,考察水解酸化-接触氧化工艺运行效果,并对其工艺参数进行优化.研究表明,厌氧池的工艺运行参数为:停留时间HRT为10 h,容积负荷为0.73~2.08 kg COD/(m~3·d~(-1)),溶解氧为0~0.5 mg/L.接触氧化池的工艺运行参数为:停留时间HRT为12 h,容积负荷为0.22~0.52 kg COD/(m~3·d~(-1)),溶解氧为2~5 mg/L.该组合工艺条件下,COD去除率为82.6%,出水含油量小于5 mg/L,达到国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)中规定的二级排放标准,对于实际含油污水的处理提供了技术支持.     

大蒜切片废水处理的组合工艺实验研究

研究填料厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)—活性污泥—水生植物的组合工艺处理大蒜切片加工废水的运行特点.结果表明:填料ABR单元的最佳HRT为20 h,有机负荷小于COD 7.8 kg/(m3.d)为宜,在此工况下,COD的平均去除率可达92.5%;活性污泥法单元的最佳HRT为12 h,进水有机负荷宜保持在COD 0.8~1.2 kg/(m3.d)之间,在此工况下,COD的平均去除率为81.0%;水生植物单元的最佳HRT为3.5 d,在此最佳HRT下,COD的去除率为42.6%.该组合工艺COD总去除率保持在99.37%~99.42%之间,出水的COD浓度为38~41 mg/L,出水水质能稳定达到国家一级A排放标准.     

水解酸化-好氧处理石油化工废水试验研究

试验采用水解酸化接好氧工艺处理石化废水 ,水解酸化池停留时间 1 5h ,后接 1 0h左右的好氧处理 ,COD去除率可以达到 90 %以上 ,BOD去除率达到 90 %以上 .通过考察水解酸化 -好氧系统对CODCr、BOD5的去除效果 ,分析了系统中COD、BOD去除情况 ,并分析了污泥具有良好絮凝沉降性能的原因     

水解-接触氧化-絮凝工艺处理植物制剂废水的试验研究

该文报道用水解—接触氧化—絮凝工艺处理中低浓度 (CODCr<15 0 0 m g/L)植物制剂废水的试验研究 .通过对具有代表性的三种植物制剂 (大蒜、黄连、松萝 )配置的模拟废水进行处理 ,发现该工艺在 0 .2 5～ 1.2 0 kg COD/(m3· d)的容积负荷和 1.84、2 .4 5、3.37m3/(m3· d)的水力负荷条件下 ,可达到 80 %以上的 COD去除率 ,而且系统具有高效、抗冲击负荷、易于操作等优点     

一体化两相厌氧反应器处理猪场废水的启动研究

采用自行设计的一体化两相厌氧反应器处理猪场废水，对启动过程进行研究。在37℃条件下，通过交替增加进水COD浓度和缩短水利停留时间提高系统的容积负荷，采用动力学控制与pH调节相结合的方法进行分相。经过68天的运行，系统的容积负荷 (VLR) 达到8.84 kgCOD/(m3•d) ,水力停留时间(HRT)为20.95h, 产酸相的COD去除率基本维持在20～30％，系统COD去除率稳定在80％以上。其中产酸相的VLR和HRT分别为31.11 kg COD/(m3•d) 和5.95 h，产甲烷相的VLR和HRT分别为9.39 kg COD/(m3•d)和15 h。出水SS均在400 mg/L以下,去除率最高可达92.8%，沼气的容积产气率达到2.568 m3/( m3•d)。     

甲醛废水的厌氧酸化-序批式活性污泥法处理

介绍了采用厌氧酸化-序批式活性污泥法处理甲醛废水。在反应期缺氧段, 采用中高温生物催化酸化,对季戊四醇、甲醛废水进行初级降解;在反应好氧段,进一步降解上一阶段的水解产物。运行结果表明,BOD5负荷0.04～0.08kgBOD5/ kgMLSS.d,甲醛负荷0.011～0.022kg/kgMLSS.d.当反应期缺氧段为20h,好氧段为 11h,甲醛去除率可以达到98％,CODcr去除率90％以上。     

EGSB反应器处理低浓度猪粪废水的效能研究

为处理低浓度的猪粪废水,采用EGSB反应器进行实验研究.结果表明,当猪粪废水进水COD浓度为1 200~1 300mg/L时,EGSB反应器最佳HRT为0.7d,COD去除率可达到80%,平均日产沼气量为1.33L,平均甲烷含量可达到68.5%,池容产气率可达到0.5 m3/(m3·d),平均能源转化率在HRT=1d时达到最高68.71%.     

水解酸化—好氧生物处理焦化废水的试验研究

对处理焦化废水的两种工艺的试验研究表明，采用水解酸化－好氧生物处理较单一好氧生物处理可取得良好的效果。水解酸化作为焦化废水的预处理比较适宜。当实际焦化废水进水CODcr浓度为2214mg/L，水解酸化停留时间12h，好氧曝气时间18h，间歇动态试验出水CODcr浓度为172mg/L时，CODcr的去除率达92．23％，满足污水综合排放标准（GB8978－95）的排放要求。     

水解酸化法预处理制药废水的研究

采用水解酸化法对制药废水进行了预处理的研究。结果表明:水解酸化阶段初始COD越大,其最佳HRT越长及COD去除率越低。初始COD为4250mg/L时,BOD/COD达到了0.84,可生化性提高了55%;对于初始COD为9775mg/L的制药废水,BOD/COD的初始值就很高,水解酸化阶段对其可生化性的提高并不明显。对于进水COD为4250mg/L的制药废水,当HRT为12h时,系统达到临界酸化时间。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.