2,4-二氯苯酚的光催化降解

分别以TiO2、H2O2及TiO2/H2O2为3种光催化降解系统,紫外光为光源,对2,4-二氯苯酚(DCP)水溶液进行了光降解.研究结果表明:3种系统均能有效地降解DCP,但TiO2/H2O2系统的降解效果最好.当m(TiO2)∶m(H2O2)=1∶4.8,光照时间为1 h时,DCP降解率可达92.1%,明显高于单独加入相同量的TiO2或H2O2.DCP的光催化降解符合准一级动力学规律,在H2O2/TiO2/UV系统中其最大降解速率(K)为0.057 8 min-1.     

量子点ZnS的制备及其光催化降解有毒有机污染物

分别以硫化钠(Na2S)和硫脲(CH3CSCH3)为硫源与醋酸锌(Zn(CH3COO)2.2 H2O)通过水热法反应制备了ZnS量子点,通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)及X-射线衍射(XRD)对ZnS进行了初步表征,结果表明:两类硫源制备的ZnS量子点均为颗粒状立方闪锌矿结构,量子尺寸分别为19.6 nm,25.1nm.在紫外光(λ≤387)照射下以有机染料罗丹明B(Rhodamine B,RhB)及无色小分子2,4-二氯苯酚(2,4-Dichlorophenol,DCP)的光催化降解为探针反应,研究了介质pH条件和光催化剂ZnS用量对光催化反应的影响,表明pH=10、光催化剂用量为50 mg条件下以Na2S为硫源制得的ZnS活性较好,能使RhB在70 min内褪色完全,呈现出ZnS量子点的量子尺寸效应.同时,此实验条件下11 h对2,4-二氯苯酚(2,4-Dichlorophenol,DCP)的深度氧化矿化率为90%.用酶催化分光光度法和苯甲酸荧光光度法分别跟踪测定了催化反应过程中产生的H2O2和.OH,表明量子点ZnS对有毒有机物的光催化氧化过程涉及H2O2和.OH的氧化历程.     

TiO_2/紫外光体系降解含酚废水的实验研究

在TiO2为催化剂条件下采用紫外光降解废水中的苯酚,通过改变pH值、溶液初始质量浓度、光照时间,研究这3个因素对紫外光处理废水效果的影响.实验结果表明,在酸性条件下,紫外光对低质量浓度的苯酚废水在长时间的照射下有较好的降解效果,光照时间在3 h时苯酚去除率为28.6%;同时进行了紫外光与臭氧协同降解苯酚废水研究,在25 min内苯酚和CODCr的去除率分别为52.5%和53.4%,结果表明紫外光和臭氧协同作用极大地提高了苯酚的降解效果,并为进一步的生化处理奠定基础.     

二氧化钛/石墨烯光催化降解草酸的研究

以钛酸四丁酯和氧化石墨烯为原料,采用水热法制备了二氧化钛/石墨烯(Ti O2/RGO)复合光催化剂,用XRD、TEM、UV-Vis DRS对光催化剂进行了表征.研究了其在紫外光和模拟太阳光条件下对草酸的光催化降解性能,结果表明,与Ti O2相比,Ti O2/RGO在紫外光条件下,反应10 min后对草酸的光催化降解率增加了2.97%,这主要是因为石墨烯为Ti O2提供了电子转移场所,提高了电子-空穴的分离效率;而在模拟太阳光条件下,反应10 min后Ti O2/RGO对草酸的光催化降解率增加了9.05%,除了提高量子利用率外,石墨烯的加入使得Ti O2的吸收边带红移,增加了对可见光的吸收.同时发现p H主要是通过影响催化剂表面电荷、电势以及对目标物的吸附来影响Ti O2/RGO光催化活性.添加叔丁醇(TBA)的光催化实验结果表明:·OH是Ti O2/RGO光催化体系中的主要活性物质之一.     

负载型光催化剂对含铬废水的吸附与还原作用研究

研究了竹炭/TiO2光催化剂在紫外光照射下去除Cr(VI)的特性,探索了催化荆用量、Cr(VI)的初始质量浓度、先催化时间、催化剂焙烧温度及溶液酸度对Cr(VI)去除率的影响,确定了竹炭/TiO2光催化剂处理含铬废水的最佳条件.结果表明:反应条件在pH值为0.5,光催化反应时间大于30 min,催化剂的加入量为3 g/800ml时效果最好,建议使用在450℃下进行焙烧2 h的光催化剂,可以采用适当延长反应时间的方法来提高Cr(VI)离子的降解率.     

二氧化硅负载磷钨杂多酸钠光催化降解甲基紫

本实验研究了Keggin型杂多化合物Na3PW12O40／SiO2（二氧化硅负载的磷钨杂多酸钠）在紫外光的照射下催化降解有机染料甲基紫的效能。实验结果表明，催化剂用量不同，溶液的初始浓度，酸度不同则降解有机染料的效率不同。催化剂加入量的最佳值为0．09g／L；溶液的初始浓度为2mg／L时，降解的效果最佳；降解最适宜的初始酸度为pH=1。Keggin型杂多化合物Na3PW12O40／SiO2光催化降解甲基紫为一级动力学反应。     

Fenton光催化降解草甘膦生产废水研究

以Fenton（Fe^3＋／H2O2）光催化降解草甘膦废水，跟踪体系化学需氧量（Chemical Oxygen Demand，COD），研究了不同条件下（光源、试剂浓度和酸度等）废水光催化氧化特性及光催化反应条件．探讨了在太阳光及紫外光照射条件下Fenton试剂组分Fe^3＋与H2O2不同投料比、投料量、介质酸度对光催化降解废水的影响．结果表明，利用太阳光、紫外光能显著提高废水降解速率；太阳光照射条件下，Fe^3＋/H2O2为1：10投量比，pH=3时，对废水COD降解效果最佳，COD去除率达82％．     

苯酚在紫外辐射和生物膜联合作用下的降解动力学

采用石英玻璃制成的循环床式生物反应器,在波长为254 nm的紫外辐射条件下进行降解苯酚的研究.分别比较了不同浓度苯酚溶液在单独紫外辐射,单独生物降解以及紫外辐射与生物降解共同作用下的降解规律.实验结果表明:在紫外辐射条件下,生长在陶瓷微孔内的生物膜仍具有较好的生物活性.根据苯酚降解动力学分析,单独生物降解比单独紫外光辐射降解速率快,而采用紫外光与生物膜组合方法降解苯酚时,其负荷最高.     

g-C_3N_4负载磷钨酸的表征及光催化性能

采用超声——浸渍法制备了磷钨酸/g-C_3N_4(PWCN)复合光催化剂,并利用XRD,IR及UV-Vis吸收光谱对其进行了表征.考察了其在紫外光和太阳光照射下催化降解甲基橙的性能,并对其重复使用性、降解动力学及光催化机理进行研究.结果表明:复合材料的光响应与PW相比发生红移,且吸光值增大.在接受紫外光和可见光照射2h条件下,该复合物光催化剂对甲基橙的光降解率分别达到96.81%和80.24%,同时具有良好的循环稳定性.PW对g-C_3N_4光生电子的捕获是提高复合物催化活性的主要原因.     

二氧化钛纳米管不同光源催化降解X3B

采用水热法制备得到了二氧化钛纳米管,并对其进行了TEM、XRD及N2吸附的表征.考察了不同pH的X3B在紫外光、氙灯及可见光下的降解反应.结果表明:不同pH体系,中性条件降解效果最佳,碱性条件降解效果最差;中性体系下,紫外光、氙灯和可见光降解速率常数分别为0.0428,0.0424和0.00522 min-1.研究表明:以紫外光为光源、体系pH为7时,降解效果最优,约经1.5 h,其X3B降解率达99%.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Features of Women''s language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme