C4k∪C4k∪Cm的优美性

Ｃ４ｋ∪Ｃ４ｋ的优美性已被证明，本文研究Ｃ４ｋ∪Ｃｋ∪Ｃｍ的优美性。给出了其为优美图的必要条件，同时给出了Ｃ４ｋ∪Ｃｋ∪Ｃｋ－１，Ｃ４（３ｔ＋１）∪Ｃ（ｔ＋１）∪Ｃ４（２ｔ＋１）以及Ｃ４（３ｔ＋１）∪Ｃ（３ｔ－１）∪Ｃｔ－１的优美标号。     

1,1,1,2—四氟乙烷的合成研究

１，１，１，２－四氟乙烷（ＣＦ３ＣＨ２Ｆ，ＨＦＣ－１３４ａ）作为氟氯烃（ＣＦＣｓ）无污替代物广泛应用于致冷，发泡及气溶胶等行业，该文叙述了ＨＦＣ－１３４ａ的合成路线，通过对四氯乙烯（ＰＣＥ）合成路线及三氯乙烯（ＴＣＥ）合成路线的比较，选择以ＴＣＥ为原料，经过中间体１，１，１－三氟－２－氯乙烷（ＨＣＦＣ－１３３ａ）两步气相氟化合成ＨＦＣ－１３４ａ的线路。     

Na~+-K~+-Cl~--Br~-水溶液体系中活度系数的测定与计算

用离子选择性电极测定了 ＮａＣ１、 ＫＣ１、 ＫＢｒ、 ＮａＣ１－ＫＣ１、 ＫＣ１－ＫＢｒ和ＮａＣ１－ＫＢｒ水溶液中的电动势，温度为 １０、 ２５、 ３５和 ４５℃，从而求出在上述３个混合电解质溶液中 ＫＣ１、 ＮａＣ１和 ＫＢｒ的活度系数，并将自行改进的 Ｐｉｔｚｅｒ－Ｌｉ方程用于此混合电解质溶液，取得了良好的结果。     

A1Et2C1／t—BuC1引发α—蒎烯阳离子聚合

考察了Ａ１Ｅｔ２Ｃ１／ｔ－ＢｕＣ１引发体系的α－蒎烯阳离子聚合反应行为。结果表明，Ａ１Ｅｔ２Ｃ１单独不能引发α－蒎烯聚合，与ｔ－ＢｕＣ１复合后才具有引发活性。其引发活性随ｔ－ＢｕＣ１／Ａ１Ｅｔ２Ｃ１的不同而变化，质谱分析表明α－蒎烯聚合产物中存在ｔ－ＢｕＣ１和基（ＣＨ３）３Ｃ，证明ｔ－ＢｕＣ１参与了链的引发反应。进一步实验还有表明：ｔ－ＢｕＣ１与Ａ１Ｅｔ２Ｃ１相互作用除生成活性物质Ｂｕ＾＋ＡｌＥｔ     

2，4－二硝基五环［4．3．0．0~（2，5）．0~（3，8）．0~（4，7）］壬烷~1H和~（13）C NMR的完全归属

利用１Ｈ－１ＨＣＯＳＹ，１３Ｃ－１ＨＣＯＳＹ，１３Ｃ－１Ｈ远程ＣＯＳＹ以及选择性远程ＤＥＰＴ１３ＣＮＭＲ谱，对２，４－二硝基五环［４．３．０．０２，５．０３，８．０４，７］壬烷的１Ｈ和１３ＣＮＭＲ谱进行了完全的归属．     

几族循环图的支撑树数

设Ｃｎ〈ａ１，ａ２，…，ａｋ〉是个循环图，ｔ（Ｇ）是图Ｇ的支撑树数。本文利用第二类Ｃｈｅｂｙｓｈｅｖ多项式给出了ｔ（Ｃｎ〈１，３〉，ｔ（Ｃｎ〈２，３〉），ｔ（Ｃｎ〈１，２，３〉），ｔ（Ｃｎ〈１，５〉），ｔ（Ｃｎ〈３，５〉），ｔ（Ｃ２ｎ〈１，２，ｎ〉）的公式。一个具体的例子表明，利用Ｃｈｅｂｙｓｈｅｖ多项式的性质，即使ｎ很大，这些公式的值是不难得到的。     

细胞间粘附分子-1测定在肝细胞肝癌诊治中的意义

近年关于细胞间粘附分子－１（ＩＣＡＭ－１）与肝细胞肝癌（ＨＣＣ）的研究表明，８０％～９６％ＨＣＣ组织中ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达呈阳性，而血清中ＩＣＡＭ－１与组织ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达吻合率为８７％，体外实验性证实血清ＩＣＡＭ－１来源于肿瘤细胞表面脱落的ＩＣＡＭ１，由于血清ＩＣＡＭ－１来源及结构的特点，可干扰机体免疫系统对肿瘤的监控，使病情迅速发展；临床上观察到血清ＩＣＡＭ－１水平与ＨＣＣ病情的恶化程度成正比     

发酵黄腐酸的红外光谱释析

利用发酵工艺生产的黄腐酸称为发酵黄腐酸，它的红外光谱图中各区域的吸收峰为３５００ｃｍ＾－１（氢键结合Ｏ－Ｈ），２９００ｃｍ＾－１（脂肪酸Ｃ－Ｈ的伸缩），１７２０ｃｍ＾－１（ＣＯＯＨ的Ｃ＝Ｏ伸缩），１９５０￣１６２０ｃｍ＾－１（Ｃ＝Ｃ是芳核骨架振动吸收峰，氢键结合的Ｃ＝Ｏ与双键共轭的ＣＯＯ＾－１），１４５０ｃｍ＾－１（羧根离子ＣＯＯ＾－），１３００ｃｍ＾－１（羧基的Ｃ－Ｏ伸缩和Ｏ－Ｈ与双键共轭的ＣＯ     

固态有机反应中的Pinacol重排

在基础有机化学教学中，讨论到多元醇的化学性质时都会介绍ＰｉｎａｃｏｌＲｅａｒｒａｎｇｅｍｅｎｔ（频哪醇重排）反应：［１］ＣＣＨ３ＣＨ３ＯＨＣＣＨ３ＯＨＣＨ３Ｈ＋ＣＣＨ３ＣＨ３ＣＨ３ＣＯＣＨ３从反应物Ｐｉｎａｃｏｌ到产物Ｐｉｎａｃｏｌｏｎｅ（频哪酮）分子骨架发生了变化，故属重排反应，其反应机理为：［２］ＣＲ２Ｒ１ＯＨＣＲ３ＯＨＲ４＋Ｈ＋ＣＲ２Ｒ１ＯＨＣＲ３ＯＨ２Ｒ４－Ｈ２ＯＣＲ２Ｒ１ＯＨＣＲ３＋Ｒ４重排ＣＲ２＋ＯＨＣＲ１Ｒ４Ｒ３ＣＲ２ＯＨＣＲ１Ｒ４Ｒ３－Ｈ＋ＣＲ２ＯＣＲ１Ｒ４Ｒ３发生重排反应的原因…     

模拟污水中氮,磷对水稻劝苗过氧化氢酶和乙醇酸氧化酶…

以水稻为材料，研究了不同深度的模拟污水中Ｎ、Ｐ对幼苗过氧化氢酶（Ｃａｔａｌａｓｅ，ＣＡＴ，ＥＣ１．１１．１．６）、乙醇酸氧化酶（Ｇｌｙｃｏｌａｔｅｏｘｉｄａｓｅ，ＧＯ，ＥＣ１．３．３．１）、过氧化和物酶（Ｐｅｒｏｘｉｄａｓｅ，ＰＯＤ，ＥＣ１．１１．１．７）和叶绿素含量的影响。结果表明：低浓度Ｎ、Ｐ浓度分别超过８．５６ｍｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１和０－０．２ｍｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１范围）可诱导ＣＡＴ活性增大，而后下     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the