水稻半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂cDNA的克隆和序列分析比较

应用PCR技术,首次从我国水稻品种中作8604的未成熟种子中,特异地扩增并克隆测序了半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的cDNA。它共有430个核苷酸,编码102个氨基酸,序列分析表明,本文克隆的水稻半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的cDNA与水稻其他品种的同类基因的同源率均为100％;与水稻不同类型的半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的同源率为61.8％;与玉米、大豆、马铃薯和紫藤同类基因的氨基酸同源率分别为66.0％、51.1％、45.9％和46.9％;与动物的同类基因相比,也有较高的同源性。     

马铃薯天冬氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因5′上游调控区的分离和序列分析

利用单一特异引物聚合酶链反应技术，将马铃薯ＤＮＡ中天冬氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂家族一成员的５′上游区分离，并克隆进ｐＵＣ１８质粒ＳｍａＩ位点中．用３２Ｐ中标记的单一特异引物──ＰｒｉｍｅｒＡ为探针，经斑点杂交得一阳性克隆．ＤＮＡ测序获得含有马铃薯天冬氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因５′上游区的插入物的核苷酸序列．从这序列结构中见到ＴＡ富含区，并发现典型的调控序列ＴＡＴＡ和ＣＡＡＴ．此上游序列与国外所得到的天冬氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的上游区相比较在序列和ＴＡＴＡ及ＣＡＡＴ盒的位置上有着很大的不同．     

甜瓜多聚半乳糖醛酸酶基因cDNA的克隆和序列分析

以甜瓜品种河套蜜瓜成熟果实mRNA为模板，经反转录合成和PCR扩增得到编码多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(Polygalacturonase，PG)基因全长cDNA，将其克隆于pUC19质粒中获得重组质粒pCMPG．此cDNA长1183bp，包括一个393个氨基酸残基组成的开放阅读框架，与已报道的甜瓜PG基因cDNA核苷酸序列比较同源性为99．3％，相应的氨基酸的同源性为98．5％．     

黄角苔叶绿体rbcL基因编码区的序列分析

测定了黄角苔（Ｐｈａｅｏｃｅｒｏｓｌａｅｖｉｓ（Ｌ．）Ｐｒｏｓｋ）叶绿体ｒｂｃＬ基因编码区的１３９８个核苷酸序列,并且由此推导出对应的氨基酸序列．此基因中密码子的第２和第３位上Ａ／Ｔ所占的比例较高,分别为５３６％和７７５％．黄角苔ｒｂｃＬ基因的编码区与花旗松、菠菜、玉米和雷氏衣藻间在核苷酸序列上的同源性分别为８４０％,８１５％,７９３％和７６３％;在氨基酸序列上的同源性分别为９１．０％,８９．９％,８８．５％和８９．３％．为研究角苔植物的系统发育提供了核苷酸序列方面的资料．     

豌豆cop1cDNA的克隆,序列分析及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

以拟南芥ｃｏｐ１ｃＤＮＡ为探针,从豌豆ＣＤＮＡ文库中克隆到了豌豆ｃｏｐ１ｃＤＮＡ。序列分析表明,它全长为２８６３ｂｐ,其中包括６０４ｂｐ５‘非编码区,２４３ｂｐ３’非编码区和２０１６ｂｐ编码区,编码６７２个氨基酸。在大肠杆菌中实现了豌豆ｃｏｐ１基因的高效表达。对拟南芥、豌豆和番茄３种植物ｃｏｐ１的序列同源性比较表明,ｃｏｐ１可能是一种进化上很保守的蛋白质。     

BmNPV半胱氨酸蛋白酶基因的核苷酸序列研究

对家蚕核型多角体病毒苏州株（BmNPVsu）半胺氨酸蛋白酶基因（CP）的序列分析表明，该基因读码框为972个核苷酸，编码323个氨。同源性分析表明，BmNPVsu CP的氨基酸序列与不同来源的木瓜蛋白酶超家庭的CP具有较高的同源性，特别与Trpanosomabrucei的CP具有较高的一致性，达32％。在组织蛋白酶B、H、L、S以及木瓜蛋白酶的36个保守氨基酸残基中有31种出现在BmNPUsu的CP中，BmNPVsuCP同其他杆状病毒CP一样，可看作木瓜蛋白酶超家庭成员。     

斜纹夜蛾NPVp74基因的克隆及部分序列分析

以含ｐ７４基因的ＡｃＮＰＶＥｃｏＲⅠ－Ｐ片段作探针,与ＳｌＮＰＶ基因组在非严格条件下进行Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交,将ＳｌＮＰＶｐ７４基因定位于４９００ｂｐ的ＳｌＮＰＶＸｈｏⅠ－Ｐ片段．对ＳｌＮＰＶＸｈｏⅠ－Ｐ片段中的一段９４０ｂｐ的ＤＮＡ片段进行序列测定,通过ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ经ＢＬＡＳＴ与Ｇｅｎ－Ｂａｎｋ中的ｄａｔａｂａｓｅ比较分析发现,序列中的一段２４３ｎｔ序列与ＡｃＮＰＶｐ７４基因有６０％的同源性,一段８１ｎｔ序列与ＡｃＮＰＶｐ７４基因的同源性高达７９％．与ＣｆＮＰＶｐ７４相比,２段２６４ｎｔ和１００ｎｔ序列分别有６０％和７１％的同源性．测得序列中的部分序列与ＢｍＮＰＶ、ＯｐＮＰＶｐ７４基因也有高达５８％～７８％的同源性．同时,这部分序列编码的氨基酸与ＡｃＮＰＶ及ＯｐＮＰＶＰ７４蛋白的氨基酸序列也有很高的同源性．结果表明所测序列的一部分为ＳｌＮＰＶＰ７４蛋白Ｃ－端的编码序列．     

斜纹夜蛾核多角体病毒egt基因的克隆和部分序列分析

用ＡｃＭＮＰＶｅｇｔ基因中的保守区部分片段为探针,通过Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交确定ＳｌＭＮ－ＰＶｅｇｔ基因的位置在ＰｓｔⅠ４９７０ｂｐ和ＸｂａⅠ２６００ｂｐ的片段上．采用双链ＤＮＡ序列分析方法测序,在２６００ｂｐ片段上的ＥｃｏＲⅠ位点两侧得到５９４ｂｐＤＮＡ碱基序列,用计算机ＤＮＡＳＩＳ和ＰＲＯＳＩＳ软件,将５９４ｂｐＤＮＡ碱基序列所推测的氨基酸序列与ＡｃＭＮＰＶ和ＳｌｉＭＮＰＶ的ｅｇｔ基因氨基酸序列进行同源比较,其同源性分别为４５％和８６．５％．     

蜡质芽孢杆菌酰基高丝氨酸内酯酶基因的克隆及序列分析

利用pMD18-T克隆载体从蜡质芽孢杆菌菌株T—HW3中克隆了酰基高丝氨酸内酯酶基因（AHL—lactonase，aiiA）。测序结果表明，该基因（GenBank登录号为DQ000643）由753个碱基组成，编码含有250个氨基酸残基的蛋白质。该蛋白质的推测的分子量为28kDa，等电点为4．235左右。核苷酸序列的BLAST分析结果表明，与之同源性较高的基因均为蜡质芽孢杆菌组aiiA基因（86％-99％）。     

稀有鮈鲫β-肌动蛋白基因片段的克隆及其同源性分析

采用RT-PCR方法,从稀有鮈鲫肌肉组织中分离和克隆出β-肌动蛋白基因cDNA部分序列，长度为1029bp，编码343个氨基酸残基．序列分析表明，该cDNA序列与其他物种昏肌动蛋白基因同源性非常高．RT-PCR能够检出该基因在稀有鮈鲫肌肉、眼、脑、心脏、肝、肠、鳃、睥、卵巢等组织中广普表达，在胚胎不同发育时期持续恒量表达．并基于已知的鱼类β-肌动蛋白基因序列构建了进化树．     

蜘蛛拖牵丝蛋白基因转家蚕表达质粒的构建

利用DNA重组技术对络新妇蛛(Nephila clavipes)拖牵丝蛋白基因MaSp1高度重复序列进行多次重组,人工构建成1.6 kb的蜘蛛拖牵丝蛋白人工基因Sil-E,DNA序列分析证明了人工基因序列的正确性.将家蚕L链基因启动子片段、L链cDNA、L链基因终止子融合在一起,构建成丝腺特异性表达单元.再与Sil-E融合构建成蜘蛛拖牵丝蛋白基因家蚕丝腺特异表达单元.将该表达单元克隆到转座子piggyBac的转基因载体中,获得了蜘蛛拖牵丝蛋白转基因表达载体.采用显微注射法将其与辅助质粒共导入到家蚕蚕卵中.筛选转基因阳性个体,经PCR和Southern杂交鉴定,结果表明目的基因整合到家蚕基因组中,为进一步研究家蚕作为生物反应器表达蜘蛛拖牵丝蛋白基因奠定了基础.     

凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)Hsp70基因PCR扩增及序列分析

目的：为获得凡纳滨对虾的热休克蛋白70（Hsp70）基因并分析其基因序列．方法：根据GenBank中斑节对虾（Penaeus monodon）Hsp70基因的cDNA序列，设计引物，对经高盐法提取的凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）基因组DNA，采用优化的降落PCR（Touch Downeca）程序，扩增凡纳滨对虾Hsp70基因的全长序列．结果：PCR扩增得到一条长1983bp的目的DNA片段，回收纯化该片段并测定其核酸序列．用DNAman软件分析发现，该核酸序列中不含内含子，编码区全长为1959bp；经BLASTn和BLASTx软件分析发现，该编码区核苷酸序列与斑节对虾、罗氏沼虾（Macrobrachium rosenbergii）的Hsp70基因序列的相似性分别为97％和62．2％．根据核苷酸序列所推导出的Hsp70氨基酸序列，其与斑节对虾、罗氏沼虾的相似性分别为99．9％和92．6％．结论：成功地从凡纳滨对虾基因组DNA中直接扩增出Hsp70基因的全长编码区序列。     

Transgenic tobacco plants harboring tomato proteinase inhibitor II gene and their insect resistance

The plant expression vectors pBCT2 and pBT2 were constructed with the cDNA sequence (tin2) and genomic DNA sequence (tin2i) of tomato proteinase inhibitor II gene respectively. Then the two expression vectors were transferred into tobacco via the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404, and transgenic tobacco plants were generated. Molecular analysis and trypsin activity assay showed that both cDNA and genomic DNA were expressed properly in the transgenic plants. Insecticidal activities in these transgenic plants indicated that transgenic tobacco plants carrying tin2i sequence were more resistant to 2-instar larvae of Heliothis armigera Hubner than those carrying tin2 sequence. Therefore the intron of tin2i sequence might be a contributor to insecticidal activity of the transgenic tobacco.     

PRV广东株gE基因去信号肽片段的克隆与序列测定

根据伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）Rice株gE基因的序列设计并合成了1对引物,以我国PRV地方毒株广东株的基因组DNA为模板,通过PCR方法获得了一大小约1.6kb的DNA片段,并将其克隆到pMD18-T载体上进行测序,序列测定结果显示,该片段长1665bp,编码555个氨基酸,与PRV Rice株gE基因的核苷酸序列同源性为97.7%,氨基酸序列同源性为95.9%。     

Isolation and ectopic expression of a bamboo MADS-box gene

A cDNA named DIMADS18 was isolated from the young spikelets of the sweet bamboo, Dendrocalamus latiflorus by RACE. DNA sequence analysis showed that DIMADS18 was composed of full ORF and 3UTR, but without 5UTR. The cDNA contained 1039 nucleotides and encoded a putative protein of 249 amino acid residues. The gene displayed the structure of a typical plant MADS box gene, which consisted of an MADS domain, K domain, a short I region, and the C-terminal region. Phylogenetic analysis of plant MADS box genes based on amino acid sequences revealed that DlMADS18 was grouped into the AGAMOUS-LIKE 6 (AGL6)-like subfamily. It was most likely homologous to the OsMADS6 of rice (Oryza sativa), with 88% sequence identity for the entire amino acid sequences. The DlMADS18 also showed relatively high amino acid sequence identity (59%) to AGL6 ofArabidopsis thaliana. To study the functions of DlMADS18, DlMADS18 cDNA clone driven by the CaMV 35S promoter was transformed into Arabidopsis plants. Transgenic plants of DlMADS18 exhibited the phenotypes of curled leaves, dwarfism, and early flowering with clustered terminal flowers. These results indicated that DlMADS18 may probably be involved in controlling the flowering time of D.latiflorus.     

Expression of the SOD gene from Trichoderma harzianum in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Superoxide dismutases are metalloproteins which play a major role in defense against oxygen radicalmediated toxicity in aerobic organisms. Such proteins are important endogeneity cytoprotection factor involving defence. A 751-bp full-length cDNA sequence of an SOD gene was isolated from the Trichoderma harzianum. The full-length cDNA of the SOD gene consists of one 465-bp open reading frame nucleotide, which encodes a 15.7-kDa polypeptide consisting of 154 amino acid residues. Sequence analysis revealed that SOD gene has more than 72%-86% amino acid sequence homology with those of other fungi. The SOD gene was integrated into the genomic DNA of pYES2 by insertion into a single site for recombination, yielding the recombinant pYES2-SOD. SOD expressed by pYES2-SOD was induced by galactose. We test whether SOD could offer abiotic stress resistance when it was introduced into yeast ceils. A transgenic yeast harboring T. harzianum SOD was generated under the control of a constitutively expressed GAL promoter. The results indicated that SOD yeast transformants had significantly higher resistance to salt and drought stress.     

Most of the coding region of rat ACTH beta--LPH precursor gene lacks intervening sequences

The peptide hormones ACTH, beta-endorphin, alpha- and beta-melanotropin(MSH) and possibly gamma-MSH are synthesized in the pituitary gland by the processing of a 32,000-molecular weight (MW) polypeptide called proopiomelanocortin (POMC). The existence of a further precursor (pre form) to POMC containing an additional N-terminal 'leader' peptide has been suggested by analysis of the in vitro translation products of poly(A)-containing RNA from AtT-20 cells, a mouse ACTH-producing cell line of pituitary origin. Nakanishi et al. cloned and sequenced a cDNA copy of the bovine prePOMC mRNA. This sequence confirmed the known structure of the carboxyl half of POMC and revealed the presence of a new MSH-like moiety, gamma-MSH, within the 16,000-MW amino half of the precursor (16K fragment). Recent experiments have suggested that this peptide may act in synergy with ACTH to increase corticosterone and aldosterone production in vivo and in vitro. We have now isolated from a rat genomic DNA library a segment of a DNA encoding most of POMC, using as probe a mouse 144-base pair cloned cDNA fragment encoding beta-MSH and beta-endorphin. The cloned rat gene is one of two (or more) closely related POMC genes. The DNA sequence obtained shows that the cloned POMC gene is not interrupted by any intervening sequence (IVS) between the codon for amino acid 19 and the presumptive poly(A) addition site. This region of POMC encodes all the biologically active peptides mentioned above. The DNA sequence encoding the putative gamma-MSH and the coding sequence that precedes it are highly conserved between rat and cow. This may indicate an as yet unrecognized biological function(s) for the NH2-terminal portion of the 16K fragment.     

金龟子绿僵菌酸性海藻糖酶基因的克隆及其序列特征分析

根据酸性海藻糖酶的蛋白质序列设计引物,PCR扩增出CQMa102 ATM1的cDNA和DNA序列,登录号分别为:DQ237957,EF190950.序列分析表明,ATM1 DNA序列含有3个内含子,其开放阅读框(ORF)编码1个含1 073个氨基酸的蛋白质,具有1个20个氨基酸的信号肽序列和含有30个可能的N-糖基化位点(Asn-Xaa-Ser/Thr).NCBI序列比对(Blastn)显示该蛋白与Aspergillus fumigatus的alpha、alpha-trehalose glucohydrolase,Aspergillus nidulans的酸性海藻糖酶前体和Talaromyces emrsonii的酸性海藻糖酶分别有62%、59%和57%的氨基酸相似性,与另外两个真菌Saccharomyces cerevisiae(Ath1p)和Candida albi-cans(Atc1p)的酸性海藻糖酶也具有约25%的氨基酸相似性.Southern杂交表明,ATM1基因在CQMa102基因组中为单拷贝.