HPV16 E6基因真核表达载体的构建

本研究目的是构建HPV16 E6真核表达载体，为细胞转染研究E6蛋白和p53Arg或p53Pro蛋白的相互作用以及作用后对细胞功能的影响奠定基础。应用PCR技术从质粒pSP64-HPV16 E6上扩增出HPV16 E6片断。根据Kozak序列对真核蛋白表达的影响，设计2条引物扩增出2个HPV16 E6目的片断均插入真核表达载体pcDNA3．1／myc-His（-）A中，构建pcDNA3．1／myc-His（-）A．HPV16 E6重组质粒。研究结果显示：经酶切和测序鉴定克隆的基因片段为HPV16 E6 cDNA；建立了pcDNA3．1／myc-His（-）A-HPV16 E6重组质粒。这表明，已成功构建HPV16 E6真核表达载体pcDNA3．1／myc-His（-）A-HPV16 E6。     

鳜IL-1β基因的克隆及原核表达

用RACE PCR获得了鳜白介素-1β（IL-1β）的全长cDNA．鳜IL-1β的cDNA全长为1298nt（核苷酸），其5′ 非编码区包含UTR 93nt；3′非编码区包含452nt； 其开放阅读框内包含753nt，翻译成251个氨基酸．将鳜IL-1β克隆到原核表达载体pET32a上，在大肠杆菌Rosettagami（DE3）内以包涵体形式得以高效表达．     

海水养殖真鲷肝CYP1A基因的克隆与表达

根据国外已发表野生真鲷（Pagrus major）肝CYP1A cDNA同源序列，利用反转录-聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）从我国海水养殖真鲷（Pagrus major）的肝脏中扩增出P4501A基因全长cDNA序列（1548bp）．用基因重组技术将P4501A cDNA克隆于pTrc-CKS载体，在大肠杆菌TOP10F＇诱导表达，将细菌总蛋白进行SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析；其表达产物为89ku，获得了表达融合蛋白CKS-CYP1A．该项研究将为利用免疫学技术研究有机污染物的毒性效应机制以及探讨P450酶作为毒性效应的生物标志物奠定基础．     

盐地碱蓬Δ^1—二氯吡咯—5—羟酸合成酶基因（SsP5CS）的克隆及表达特性

从盐地碱蓬（suaeda salsa)中克隆了Δ^1-二氯吡咯－5－羟酸合成酶基因的cDNA片段（S.salsa Δ^1-pyrroline－5－carboxylate synthase gene,Ssp5CS),Southern杂交表明SsP5CS基因在盐地碱蓬基因组中只有一个拷贝；Northern杂交结果表明，不同盐处理（400mmol/L NaCl)时间下SsP5CS在盐地碱蓬叶中的表达量明显增加，同时盐胁迫条件下盐地碱蓬叶中的脯氨酸含量与对照组相比显著的增加， 并且其渗透调节能力也逐渐增强，推测SsP5CS基因可能在保护盐地碱蓬免受盐胁迫损伤的过程中起到重要作用。     

1个Avr／Cf介导的差异表达基因在番茄抗叶霉病中作用的基因沉默分析

Avr／Cf介导产生过敏性反应时特异表达的cDNA—AFLP片段，称为ACE（Avr／Cf—elicited）片段，从中挑选1个未知功能的基因（记为ACE5）（GeneBank登录号为CK348288），利用VIGS技术对该片段相应基因进行基因沉默分析，分析该基因在植株生长和发育以及番茄抗叶霉病中的作用。结果表明该差异表达片段相应基因对本氏烟的生长发育以及Avr／Cf介导的HR反应均无影响。     

人乳铁蛋白(hLF)cDNA的克隆及序列分析

从正常人外周血中分离中性粒白细胞（WBC），提取总RNA，用RT—PCR的方法扩增人乳铁蛋白（hLF）cDNA．cDNA分hLF1．5、hLF0．8两段扩增并连入pMD18-T载体上，再利用限制酶连入巴氏毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZα—A中，构成完整的hLF基因．序列测定表明，所克隆的hLF基因序列全长为2，136bp，与Gene Bank中登录的序列相比，同源性达99％以上．     

小鼠脂多糖应答蛋白mlrpS的载体构建及融合蛋白表达

为构建小鼠mlrpS-cDNA基因原核、真核表达载体，大肠杆菌表达其融合蛋白。采用反转录-聚合酶链反应从经脂多糖刺激的鼠NIH3T3细胞cDNA中，扩增出编码mlrpS的cDNA。用限制性内切酶KpnⅠand XhoⅠ消化后，插入原核表达载体pTAT中，经酶切鉴定与测序证实后，转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）菌株。异丙基β—D硫代半乳糖苷（IPTG）诱导产生融合蛋白。经KpnⅠ和XhoⅠ酶切回收mlrpS-cDNA，插入pcDNA3．1载体中；pcDNA3．1-mlrpS再经KpnⅠ和ApaⅠ酶切后，插入到pEGFP—c1载体上，构建pEGFP-mlrpS融合的真核表达载体。构建mlrpS表达载体经测序证实，与GenBank登录的序列完全一致；双酶切鉴定证实，克隆基因正确插入载体pEGFP及pTAT；SDS—PAGE证实融合蛋白表达成功。说明：成功地构建了mlrpS原核、真核表达载体，成功正确表达了6His／mlrpS融合蛋白。     

小盐芥(Thellungiella salsuginea)CBF1基因的克隆

CBFs （ CRT/DRE-binding factor ）是结合DNA顺式元件CCGAC的转录因子．拟南芥中CBFs由一个小的基因家族编码，包括3个成员：CBF1、CBF2和CBF3，它们在植物抗逆性调控中起重要作用．为了获得高度耐盐耐旱的转基因植物，我们以盐生植物小盐芥为材料，依据拟南芥中CBF1的序列信息设计引物，扩增出小盐芥中CBF1的部分序列，然后使用SMART^TM RACE等方法，从小盐芥中克隆到全长的CBF1 cDNA序列，进而重组到植物表达载体中，为植物抗逆基因工程提供了有用基因．     

人p16^INK4cDNA探针在非小细胞肺癌研究中的应用

制备总RNA,RT－PCR克隆p16^INk4cDNA,测序验证,制备探针,进行PCR产物Southern杂交检测非小细胞肺癌组织标本中p1^^INK4基因第二外显子阴性杂交率为12．9％（4／31）,原位杂交显示p16^INK4基因转录阴性率为22．6％（7／31）,结果说明克隆的p^INK4cDNA是正确的。可用于临床基因诊断,p^16INK4基因变异及表达在非小细胞肺癌的、发展中起作用。     

hIL-10在大肠杆菌中的表达及其生物学活性鉴定

构建了含有人白细胞介素-hIL-10（Human Interleukin10，hIL-10）基因的重组质粒，在大肠杆菌中的高效表达，并对其生物学活性进行了鉴定．用RT-PCR扩增hIL-10 cDNA，并插入原核表达载体PET-32b．将重组质粒转入BL21（DE3）感受态细胞，在37℃用IPTG诱导hIL-10表达．表达的重组蛋白经复性纯化后，用夹心ELISA法检测其对外周血单核细胞（PBMC）合成IFN-γ的抑制作用．重组质粒PET-32b／hIL-10的DNA序列分析显示，克隆的DNA序列和文献报道的hIL-10 cDNA序列一致．SDS-PAGE表明，重组蛋白相对分子质量为18000．活性测定结果显示，重组蛋白能显著抑制PBMC合成IFN-γ．这表明构建的PET-32b／hIL-10可以在大肠杆菌中高效表达，经复性和纯化后，获得了具有高纯度和活性的hIL-10     

Transcritption regulation of soybean ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit gene by external factors

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit gene (rbcS) is present with multi-gene family in plant genome. In Glycine max, the rbcS polypeptide (EC4.1.1.39) is encoded by a gene family containing 4-8 members. Three full-length rbcS cDNA clones were isolated and characterized from soybean seedlings, and both of their nucleotide and amino acid sequences showed high similarity. Differential accumulation of the rbcS mRNA was observed among roots, hypocotyls, cotyledons, epicotyls and leaves. The rbcS genes were up-regulated by various external factors such as salicylic acid (SA), salt stress and drought stress. The expression level of rbcS genes after being treated by 2.0 mmol/L SA and 0.4% NaCl, respectively, is 2.5-3.0-fold as high as that of control sample. Moreover, soybean rbcS mRNA was accumulated with diurnal variation but easily influenced by light and low temperature.     

细茎大豆（G.gracilis）rbcS基因结构与分子进化分析

从细茎大豆的嫩叶中提取总ＤＮＡ，用ＰＣＲ方法扩增得到包含完整编码区的ｒｂｃＳ基因并将其克隆到ｐＢＬＵＥＳＣＲＩＰＴ载体中。完成全基因１０８９个核苷酸测序后，运用ＰＣＧＥＮＥ进行顺序编辑和同源比较，并应用ＭＥＧＡ１．０２１软件中的Ｎｅｉｇｈｂｏｒ－ｊｏｉｎｉｎｇ方面画出Ｒｕｂｉｓｃｏ小亚基仓的系统进化树。     

Transcritption regulation of soybean ribulose-l,5-bisphos-phate carboxylase small sub-unit gene by external factors

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit gene (rbcS) is present with multi-gene family in plant genome. In Glycine max, the rbcS polypeptide (EC4.1.1.39) is encoded by a gene family containing 4—8 members. Three full-length rbcS cDNA clones were isolated and characterized from soybean seedlings, and both of their nucleotide and amino acid sequences showed high similarity. Differential accumulation of the rbcS mRNA was observed among roots, hypocotyls, cotyledons, epicotyls and leaves. The rbcS genes were up-regulated by various external factors such as salicylic acid (SA), salt stress and drought stress. The expression level of rbcS genes after being treated by 2.0 mmol/L SA and 0.4% NaCl, respectively, is 2.5—3.0-fold as high as that of control sample. Moreover, soybean rbcSmRNA was accumulated with diurnal variation but easily influenced by light and low temperature.     

Involvement of heterotrimeric G protein in signal transduction of extracellular calmodulin in regulatingrbcS expression

The role of heterotrimeric G protein in signal transduction pathway of extracellular calmodulin in regulating rbcS expression was examined in suspension-cultured cells of transgenic tobacco. Pharmalogical experiments indicated that G protein agonist cholera toxin enhanced rbcS expression and heterotrimeric G protein antagonist pertussis toxin inhibited rbcS expression in transgenic tobacco cells. Pertussis toxin also inhibited the enhancement effect caused by exogenous purified calmodulin on rbcS expression, whereas cholera toxin completely reversed the inhibitory effects caused by anti-calmodulin serum on rbcS expression. The right side-out vesicles from tobacco cell membrane were purified, which contained all of substrates for fluometric assay of GTPase activity. Exogenous purified calmodulin, when adding directly to the medium of plasma membrane vesicles, significantly activated GTPase activity in the right side-out plasma membrane vesicles, and this increase in GTPase activity was completely inhibited both by heterotrimeric G proteins antagonist pertussis toxin and nonhy-drolyzable GTP analogs GMP-PCP. These results provided the evidence that heterotrimeric G proteins may be involved in signal transduction pathways of extracellular calmodulin to regulate rbcS gene expression.     

细胞分裂素在mRNA和蛋白质水平上同时促进rbcS基因的表达

将紫萍半叶状体首先在不含细胞分裂素的培养液上于黑暗条件下培养10d，然后转移到长日照条件下、分别在含有或不含6—苄基嘌呤的新鲜培养液上培养．对半叶状体在培养过程中干重、叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量方面的变化进行了分析，并且用Northern　blot的方法拉测了rbcS mRNA水平的变化，用SDS—PAGE分离和考马氏亮蓝染色的方法检测了其编码蛋白(1，5—二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶／加氧酶的小亚基，SSU)水平的变化．结果表明，6—苄基嘌吟显著地促进了半叶状体干重、叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量、rbcS基因mRNA及其编码蛋白SSU水平的增加．由于在没有外源细胞分裂素的情况下，rbcS基因mRNA水平的增加并不能引起SSU水平的增加，所以认为细胞分裂素对该基因表达的促进作用同时发生在mRNA和蛋白质水平上．     

环鸟苷酸信使系统参与rbcS基因表达调控初报

以转ｒｂｃＳ－ＧＵＳ基因烟草悬浮细胞为材料,通过用荧光光度法检测报告基因ＧＵＳ酶的活性的方法,发现暗中培养的转基因烟草悬浮细胞细胞外ＣａＭ或红光处理后,ｒｂｃＳ基因表达明显增加,而细胞外ＣａＭ和红光同时处理却只使ｒｂｃＳ基因表达增加４－５倍。     

Extracellular calmodulin acceleratesrbcS-GUS expression in suspension-cultured transgenic tobacco cell

The role of extracellular calmodulin in regulating expression of rbcS in darkness was examined. A suspension-cultured cell line was generated from the transgenic rbcS-GUS tobacco. It was demonstrated that purified calmodulin added to the media enhanced rbcS-GUS expression. The time course of expression of rbcS-GUS and that of the secretion of calmodulin in the suspended transgenic tobacco cells in darkness were very similar. Both showed initial increase followed by decline with maximum calmodulin secretion preceding maximum GUS expression. The addition of membrane-impermeable calmodulin antagonist W7-agarose inhibited the expression of rbcS-GUS in darkness, but this inhibitory effect was completely reversed by adding exogenous purified calmodulin. These results provide the first evidence that extracellular calmodulin accelerates rbcS gene expression.     

Aberrant DNA methylation in cloned ovine embryos

By using the approach of immunofluorescence staining with an antibody against 5-methylcytosine （5MeC）, the present study detected the DNA methylation patterns of cloned ovine embryos. The embryos derived from in vitro fertilization were also examined for reference purpose. The results showed that： （1） during the preimplantation development, cloned embryos displayed a similar demethylation profile to the fertilized embryos; that is, the methylation level decreased to the lowest at 8-cell stage, and then increased again at morulae stage. However, methylation level was obviously higher in cloned embryos than in stage-matched fertilized embryos, especially at 8-cell stage and afterwards; （2） at blastocyst stage, the methylation pattern in cloned embryos was different from that in fertilized embryos. In cloned blastocyst, inner cell mass （ICM） exhibited a comparable level to trophectoderm cells （TE）, while in in-vitro fertilized blastocyst the methylation level of ICM was lower than that of TE, which is not consistent with that reported by other authors. These results indicate that DNA methylation is abnormally reprogrammed in cloned embryos, implying that aberrant DNA methylation reprogramming may be one of the factors causing cloned embryos developmental failure.     

Measles virus (Nepal strain) hemagglutinin gene: Cloning, complete nucleotide sequence analysis and expression in COS cells

Hemagglutinin gene of Measles virus(Nepal strain) was amplified by RT-PCR technique, cloned and sequenced by the dideoxy-mediated chain termination method. The comparison to the standard strain (Edmonston strain) showed many important mutations. The homology of these two strains was 98.17%. Then H gene was cloned into expression vector pCD-SRα296 and introduced into COS-7 cells by electroporation method. The expression and function of cloned H gene was checked by hemadsorption assays. Supported by company of microbial diseases, Osaka university, Japan Li Lingyun: born in sept. 1967. Ph. D, Graduate student