云环境下应用感知的动态重复数据删除机制

针对传统在线/离线重删对云存储系统中重删效率不高的问题,采用混合重复数据删除(Hy-Dedup)机制,通过融合在线和离线两种方式进行有效的数据重删。该方案在线重删阶段根据负载类型对指纹索引进行聚类分组,设置不同重删阈值来评估数据流的空间局部一致性,提高了缓存命中率;离线重删阶段采用延迟敏感的方法,对在线阶段缓存没有命中的重复块进行精确重删。通过这种混合方式在保持系统的I/O性能和吞吐量的前提下,显著减少了写入云存储的重复数据量。实验结果表明,与iDedup机制相比,Hy-Dedup机制可将在线重删率提高35.9%,磁盘空间需求减少41.36%,并且能够在云存储系统中实现高准确率的重删,提升重删效率,节省存储空间。     

基于重复数据删除技术的数据容灾系统的设计与测试

针对当今企业海量数据的增长给数据容灾系统的存储容量、处理能力、数据传输带宽带来巨大压力的现状,设计了一种基于重复数据删除技术的数据容灾系统.通过I/O吞吐量、CPU利用率、响应时间、数据备份时间和重复数据删除率等指标对数据容灾系统性能进行了测试,测试结果表明数据容灾系统对应用服务器响应时间的影响甚小,重复数据删除效果显著.     

重删环境下双 B-树索引性能优化研究

为了减少重删环境下磁盘访问次数,提高重删系统的读取性能,提出了一种基于双B-树的索引结构DBIS(Double B-tree Index Structure).DBIS由两种结构不同的B-树构成,B-tree-1通过优化B-树结构,提高检索效率;Btree-2则在B-树的基础上,结合改进的LRU算法构成优化的索引结构,提高了检索命中率.实验验证了DBIS的有效性和优越性,达到了对重复数据删除系统读性能优化的目的.     

大数据环境下Lucene性能优化方法研究

为提高大数据环境下的数据查询分析效率,该文结合内存计算技术和批量更新技术提出一种优化倒排索引方法——内存磁盘索引(RFDirectory)。基于Lucene实现内存和磁盘相结合的倒排表管理技术。将新增数据写入缓存中,并周期性地写入磁盘索引结构中,从而提升倒排索引的写入性能。通过整合磁盘和内存的多分块倒排结构,为用户提供高效的数据查询分析结果。实验结果表明:在大数据环境下,RFDirectory方法的索引构建时间缩短为磁盘索引(FSDirectory)、内存索引(RAMDirectory)方法索引构建时间的50%,返回1个关键字的检索结果耗时缩短了近15%。     

基于价值预评估的代理服务器缓存策略

传统方法解决代理服务器内存空间不足的问题都是被动性方法,在没有考虑缓存对象的缓存价值的情况下直接对它们做缓存,在代理服务器内存不够时再将它们替换,使得部分无缓存价值的对象毫无效果地被缓存了一遍.本文引入了缓存的准入机制,提出基于价值预评估的缓存策略,描述了缓存价值的预评估算法,仿真实验结果表明采用本缓存策略的系统运行有较高的文档命中率和字符命中率.     

基于位置的发布/订阅索引结构

为了使空间文本数据的处理更加快捷准确,针对基于位置的发布/订阅提出了将R-tree与布尔表达式有效结合的索引结构TR-tree.TR-tree主要由文本索引与空间索引组成,其中文本索引根据订阅中谓词的数量和不同的关键谓词将空间文本数据进行订阅分组和谓词分组.文本索引中使用了操作符列表储存谓词,以达到避免重复储存谓词、减少内存使用的目的.空间索引根据关键谓词与谓词数量构建不同的R-tree,增强了空间修剪的性能.实验结果表明TR-tree具有高效的匹配能力与较好的内存管理性能.     

一种变粒度的闪存地址映射方案

闪存转换层最重要的功能是地址映射.地址映射需要同时具备高性能和低内存占用.基于需求的页级映射方案DFTL能有效节约内存且具有页级映射方案特有的灵活性,但是这种方案中,每个缓存槽只能存储一条映射记录,当缓存大小一定时,缓存中的映射记录数量有限;此外,这种方案没有考虑到请求的空间局部性.因此这种方案中,缓存命中率较低,DFTL需要频繁访问闪存来读取映射记录,降低了系统性能.于是针对命中率低的问题,提出了一种基于需求的变粒度映射方案VGFTL.这种方案可显著提高缓存的命中率.实验表明,VGFTL缓存平均命中率达到89.85%,远高于DFTL的45.46%,块擦除次数以及平均响应时间这两项指标优于DFTL,其性能接近纯页级映射方案.     

R-dedup：一种重复数据删除指纹计算的优化方法

为减缓存储系统中传统重复数据删除方法在高性能固态存储盘中存在的指纹计算性能瓶颈,提出了重复数据删除指纹计算的性能优化方法 R-dedup。在基于内容分块算法基础上,将切分后形成的所有数据块进一步切分为更小粒度的48B等长数据片。基于Rabin哈希长度小于原始数据、多个Rabin哈希同时发生碰撞概率极低、数据片的Rabin哈希可以重复利用基于内容分块算法在滑动窗口过程中产生的计算结果的基础,利用数据片的Rabin哈希替代原始数据,并将其作为数据块的SHA-1指纹输入,减少SHA-1函数数据计算量,提高指纹计算性能。选取Linux内核、Imagenet等5组具有代表性的数据集,对R-dedup和标准基于内容分块的重复数据删除方法在数据分块性能、指纹计算性能、索引表检索性能和I/O性能方面分别进行了比较。结果表明:R-dedup的数据分块性能、索引表检索性能、I/O性能与对比方法具有4%左右的误差波动,性能基本一致;R-dedup的指纹计算吞吐率是对比方法的165%～422%,总体吞吐率是对比方法的6%～54%。     

基于时序参数的重复数据删除索引优化技术研究

针对系统中存在的索引检索效率问题,提出了一种基于时序参数的快速索引优化算法,该算法通过时间参数和序数参数获取数据块的热度值,将高热度值的数据块指纹组合成了一个高优先度的快速索引.快速索引与主索引组成了重复数据删除中的两层索引结构,从而提高了系统的检索性能.通过实验验证了基于时序参数的索引优化算法的优越性.     

基于 P2P的VOD系统中数据缓存策略研究

提出了一种结合内存缓存与磁盘缓存的新型缓存策略.该策略在原有内存缓存基础上增加了磁盘缓存,数据从内存中被淘汰时,从磁盘缓存空间中选择合适磁盘分片进行缓存,并建立索引管理已缓存数据,使对等网络中的节点利用彼此的闲置磁盘资源缓存更多的媒体数据,服务器的负载得到有效降低,节点在对等网络中从其他节点获取数据的成功率明显提高.实验证明,该缓存策略有效提高了系统的整体服务能力,充分利用对等网络中的空闲节点资源降低视频服务器的负载.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Features of Women''s language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme