高温下花岗岩热物理特性数值试验研究

采用随机介质固热耦合有限元分析方法，在平面应变模型下，进行了花岗岩热物理特性的数值试验，在韦泊随机分布下对热膨胀系数变化引起的花岗石热破裂温度的变化做了详细研究，揭示了花岗石热物理特性与温度的变化规律。     

随机介质固热耦合模型平面轴对称问题的解析解

考虑岩石颗粒的物理力学性质的随机非均匀性,从理论上建立了随机介质固热耦合数学模型,这些方程,奠定了岩石热破裂研究的基础.针对随机介质固热耦合数学模型,考虑平面轴对称问题,利用摄动理论和数学积分方法,在韦泊和指数两随机分布下,提出了岩石物理力学参数作为随机变量在解析分析中的处理方法,采用一种随机概率分布用连续函数表示的方法,得到了平面热应力轴对称问题的解析解.通过算例,讨论了热应力随分布参数m和时间t的变化规律.结果表明:非均匀性对岩石的热应力有一定的影响,热应力随着分布参数m的减小而增加.     

岩石非均匀特性的DDA方法模拟

采用非连续变形分析(discontinuous deformation analysis,DDA)方法,根据Weibull分布函数引入岩石细观非均匀性模型,对巴西圆盘的劈裂实验进行计算机模拟.在非均匀性模型中考虑弹性模量、泊松比和强度参数的非均匀性.非均匀圆盘和均匀圆盘模拟结果的对比表明,非均匀模型的引入使得细观尺度下采用线性本构能够得到岩石的宏观非线性力学响应,并且非均匀性的引入使得岩石表现出更低的宏观强度特性.通过对比只考虑弹性模量、泊松比的非均匀性和同时考虑弹性模量、泊松比和强度的非均匀性的模拟结果,发现考虑强度非均匀性的巴西圆盘宏观强度更低且裂纹的产生更加分散.研究工作有助于对岩石非均匀和非线性特性的理解及其数值模拟分析.     

岩石非均质度与热破裂的相关性分析

岩石的热破裂具有普遍性的特点,但不同岩石的矿物组成造成岩石热破裂具有不同的特征.通过研究岩石的非均质特征确定矿物非均质参数,结合岩石的热破裂特征对岩石在细观条件下的热破裂特征与岩石非均质度之间的关系进行研究,分别给出岩石矿物的质量非均质度Mn与体积非均质度Vn的定义,通过分析给出岩石非均质度与热破裂门槛值K的拟合公式.结果表明岩石的热破裂门槛值与岩石非均质度具有显著的相关性.     

单轴压缩下粗砂岩热损伤统计本构模型

基于岩石的强度随机统计分布的特点及应变强度理论,应用损伤力学的相关知识,考虑微原体破坏及弹性模量与温度间的非线性关系,建立了单轴压缩条件下粗砂岩温度热损伤后统计本构模型.然后采用伺服试验机对经历了高温烘烤冷却后的粗砂岩试件进行了单轴压缩试验,并根据试验结果对粗砂岩力学参数与温度间的关系进行了讨论,给出了考虑温度热损伤的统计本构模型参数.通过与单轴压缩实验结果相对比,显示了所建模型的合理性.     

弹性参数各向异性对页岩井周应力的影响

为研究层理性页岩地层井周应力分布及其对井壁稳定性的影响,针对页岩力学参数的各向异性特点,建立了基于横观各向同性材料本构关系的弹性理论分析模型,运用该模型计算井周应力,并与各向同性材料下的应力分布进行对比,获取了页岩地层弹性参数各向异性对井周应力分布的影响规律,同时对井壁稳定状况进行了评估。研究表明:井周应力分布对弹性模量各向异性的敏感性强于泊松比各向异性,相同的弹性模量与泊松比各向异性影响下的井周应力分布形态具有相似性,但弹性模量与泊松比各向异性比的增减导致的井周应力增减变化相反,弹性参数各向异性对井壁破裂压力的影响远大于对坍塌压力的影响,显著地影响井眼近井壁地带的破裂压力。     

岩石扩容现象与超声横波特征参数相互关系研究评述

介绍了岩石扩容现象与超声皮特征参数相互关系相关专业领域研究的现状及其应用，在用横波速度最大值（Vsmax）来分析岩石微裂纹初始扩展时的应力值（应力门槛值）新方法的基础上，建议利用主动的人工横波震源，应力门槛值、Vsmax后的横波速度值与岩石裂纹加速发展的同步减小特性，更深入地进入地震破裂丛集及前兆特征的研究，有可能建立地震和地质灾害性预报的新方法，并提出利用利用传统方法研究岩石扩容机理，应力门槛值，泊松比等的同时，进行岩石扩容现象，声发射和超声波横波等特性参相互关系研究的新思路。     

高温下岩石损伤本构模型研究

利用连续损伤理论和统计强度理论,根据岩石微元强度服从Weibull随机分布的特点,定义了弹性模量为岩石热损伤变量,推导了岩石的热损伤演化方程,引入岩石应力—应变曲线特征参量,同时考虑了岩石全过程应力—应变曲线的峰值条件和几何条件,建立了温度效应下岩石的损伤统计本构方程,并通过试验进行验证。试验结果表明:随着轴向应变的增加,岩石损伤经历演化、稳定扩展、损伤加速,直至破坏四个阶段;随着温度的增加,岩石的初始热损伤不断加剧,600℃是花岗岩热损伤的阀值点;损伤本构理论曲线与试验曲线较吻合,所建立的本构模型在岩石峰值前后的拟合明显高于传统方法,但也存在一定的偏差,可能由于在方程建立及参数的确定过程中,进行的假设和忽略对方程的精度产生了影响,本文的研究对建立高温三轴状态下的岩石损伤本构模型具有一定的参考价值。     

初始损伤对脆性岩石抗压力学性质的影响

基于现有各向同性损伤本构理论,提出岩石初始损伤定义及其计算方法。初始损伤表示为加载前的损伤岩石弹性模量相对无损岩石弹性模量的劣化程度。对不同初始损伤的玄武岩试样进行单轴抗压试验,定量分析初始损伤对玄武岩的应力与应变关系、强度、破坏应变、初始泊松比和应变软化性质等的影响,给出单轴抗压强度、初始泊松比等力学参数随初始损伤变量变化的规律及拟合公式。研究结果表明:只有当岩石初始损伤超过损伤门槛值即无损岩石破坏时对应的损伤值时,岩石抗压强度随初始损伤增大而显著减小;与峰值应力对应的应变随初始损伤增大而近似呈线性增大趋势;岩石初始泊松比随初始损伤增大近似呈指数增大;初始损伤越小,应力峰值后的岩石破坏越显脆性。     

地下深部硐室的温度应力场

在考虑了花岗岩弹性模量和泊松比随温度变化的基础上,利用有限元软件ANSYS对核废料处置库在不同温度下的温度应力场进行研究.通过分析发现,根据常温时花岗岩弹性模量和泊松比计算得到的热应力与根据不同温度下花岗岩弹性模量和泊松比计算得到的结果相比较,随着温度的升高,两者差别从20%增加到60%.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.