海底大地电磁探测仪数据采集软件

根据研制的HD-1型海底大地电磁探测仪的特点和海底大地电磁数据采集要求,开发了高可靠性的海底大地电磁数据采集软件.软件由参数设置、数据采集与抽样、误侦测与处理3部分组成.参数设置部分处理用户输入的各种参数,纠正输入参数中的各种错误,并写入控制寄存器中,可靠地实现采样频率、放大倍数、滤波器和陷波器控制;数据采集与抽样根据用户输入参数控制海底大地电磁信号的采集,当用户设置的采样频率低于仪器硬件的最低采样频率时,根据用户设置的采样频率对采集的数据进行实时抗混叠滤波和抽样;误侦测与处理部分,对仪器运行中所出现的各种错误和用户参数设置中的各种异常情况进行自动处理,保证海底大地电磁数据采集可靠进行.     

海陆联合大跨度多点位海底大地电磁同步数据采集

海底电磁探测是研究海洋基础地学课题和海底矿产资源分布的重要地球物理方法之一。由于大地电磁场存在区域噪声,因而,为压制干扰并获得高质量的场源数据,就需进行带远参考方式的数据采集。在采集过程中,包括陆上基站和海底测网的多台仪器应遵循同一个时间基准和统一的方位坐标。海底大地电磁仪为满足上述要求,其内部配备了高精度时钟源、姿态检测器件以及与海底电磁信息采集相关的自动信号测量与存储电路。海上作业时,科考船沿预定航线,实现仪器的逐点投放。海底测量结束后,通过遥控方式改变海底仪器的浮力性质,使其自动返回海面。近期的海洋试验表明,中国的海底大地电磁探测技术已实现了实用化,可为海洋勘查提供高技术支撑。     

基于数学形态滤波的大地电磁强干扰分离方法

针对矿集区大地电磁信号采集过程中常引入强噪声干扰等问题,采用数学形态滤波对大地电磁强干扰分离方法进行研究。在仿真信号中加入常见的强干扰来检验形态滤波的降噪能力,根据噪声类型选取不同结构元素尺寸及大小,并将形态滤波应用于实测大地电磁数据的降噪处理。采用非线性共轭梯度法进行反演,考查形态滤波对提高大地电磁测量数据质量的改善情况。研究结果表明:数学形态滤波能有效消除大地电磁强干扰中的大尺度干扰和基线漂移现象,重构信号基本保留原始大地电磁信号特征,改善大地电磁测深数据质量。由于该方法原理简单、并行运算速度快,具有较好的应用价值,适合于矿集区海量大地电磁强干扰分离。     

水下火眼金睛--国家"863"计划海底大地电磁探测与电磁成像技术

“九五”至“十五”期间，国家“863”计划连续资助中国地质大学（北京）开展对海底大地电磁探测与电磁成像技术的研究。经数年努力，终于取得技术突破。由邓明教授所率课题组研发的海底大地电磁仪成功进行了国内首次海陆联合大跨度多点位大地电磁同步采集试验，布置并完成了我国海域第一条具有实际地质意义的海底大地电磁探测剖面，填补了中国在该技术领域的空白。     

基于ZYNQ处理器的射频大地电磁采集仪器研发

研发基于ZYNQ处理器的ARM嵌入式天然场射频大地电磁法信号采集系统。该系统集成了采集控制模块、数据读取模块和数据滤波模块,采用FPGA高速逻辑门电路、FIR滤波器以及ARM嵌入式系统等技术手段,实现RMT信号的采集、传输、滤波和存储。仿真和对比试验结果表明：该系统性能稳定,滤波模块阻带衰减大于70 dB,系统采集的数据反演结果精准,能提供高精度地质信息,所设计的信号采集系统能够为国产化射频大地电磁法勘探设备研发提供一种技术方案。     

减少海底电磁探测数据丢失的实时备份技术

针对海底电磁探测过程中容易引发的实测数据丢失的问题,提出实时数据备份的技术方案。该技术是指将同组实测数据同时分别地存入2个独立的电子硬盘。2个盘冗余的信息量,足以弥补单个盘存储数据所潜在的信息丢失的缺陷。在所设计的电路中,以PC104嵌入式计算机为控制单元,扩展USB接口芯片及逻辑控制门阵列。针对硬件所需实现的功能,开发相应的电路驱动程序,引导数据流流向两路存盘通道,对IDE盘和U盘实施同时的存盘操作。海洋试验中,将所研发的电路嵌入至海底大地电磁仪。将仪器投放到海底,采集并同时备份实测数据。结果显示,仪器在海底运行正常,2个盘均记录到了实测数据。由此证明,使用本技术可极大地降低海底电磁探测数据丢失的风险,提高数据存储的可靠性。     

基于形态聚类的频率域大地电磁数据去噪新方法研究

大地电磁法是一种利用天然电磁场源进行深部地电结构勘探的地球物理方法,其信号容易受到各种噪声干扰。为了更好地识别大地电磁的信号与噪声,提取出有用的信号进行阻抗估计,本文提出一种基于频率域大地电磁信号形态进行自动聚类的算法,并使用该算法对合成数据和实测数据进行计算。研究结果表明：在频率域中,大地电磁信号形态都有一定的相似性,强干扰噪声在其对应的频段上表现出与信号不一样的特征,可以使用余弦相似度提取此类特征,并使用聚类算法将信号与噪声分离;基于合成、实测数据,采用所提出的算法计算的视电阻率曲线和相位曲线都更加平滑、连续,说明经过本方法处理后的大地电磁数据阻抗估计结果得到了明显的改善。     

地电数据采集软件优化

在海底大地电磁仪的研发过程中,硬件不断升级,由此带来不少新的技术难题。本文针对现有仪器的软件运行特性,设计SMS1.0协议,编写采集软件的各个功能模块,对软件系统的各功能进行整合。     

地电数据采集软件优化

在海底大地电磁仪的研发过程中,硬件不断升级,由此带来不少新的技术难题。本文针对现有仪器的软件运行特性,设计SMS1.0协议,编写采集软件的各个功能模块,对软件系统的各功能进行整合。     

MT信号处理中小波分析与Hilbert-Huang变换的比较

以实测大地电磁信号为分析对象,对比研究了小波分析和Hilbert-Huang变换在大地电磁（magnetotelluric,MT）信号分解和时频分析上面的特点.给出了小波分析和Hilbert-Huang变换的数学原理,分析了2种方法在MT信号分解中的分解方法及其物理意义,讨论了2种方法在MT信号时频谱表征能力上的异同,为大地电磁信号分析方法的选择提供用了有价值的参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the