A review of recent studies on coronal dynamics: Streamers, coronal mass ejections, and their interactions

In this article I present a review of recent studies on coronal dynamics, including research progresses on the physics of coronal streamers that are the largest structure in the corona, physics of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that may cause a global disturbance to the corona, as well as physics of CME-streamer interactions. The following topics will be discussed in depth: (1) acceleration of the slow wind flowing around the streamer considering the effect of magnetic flux tube curvature; (2) physical mechanism accounting for persistent releases of streamer blobs and diagnostic results on the temporal variability of the slow wind speed with such events; (3) force balance analysis and energy release mechanism of CMEs with a flux rope magnetohydrodynamic model; (4) statistical studies on magnetic islands along the coronal-ray structure behind a CME and the first observation of magnetic island coalescence with associated electron acceleration; and (5) white light and radio manifestations of CME-streamer interactions. These studies shed new light on the physics of coronal streamers, the acceleration of the slow wind, the physics of solar eruptions, the physics of magnetic reconnection and associated electron acceleration, the large-scale coronal wave phenomenon, as well as the physics accounting for CME shock-induced type II radio bursts.     

The Progress of Researches on ADS in China

he conceptual study of the accelerator driven system (ADS) that lasted for about five years ended in 1999 in China. As one project of the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) in the energy domain, which is sponsored by the China Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), a fiveyearprogram of fundamental research of ADS physics and related technology was launched in 2000 and passed national review at the end of 2005. The China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), the Institute of Heavy Ion Physics in Peking University (PKUIHIP) and other institutions jointly carried out the research. The research activities were focused on HPPA physics and technology, reactor physics of external source driven subcritical assembly, nuclear data base and material study. For HPPA, a high current injector consisting of an ECR ion source, LEBT and an RFQ accelerating structure of 3.5 MeV was built. In reactor physics study, a series of neutron multiplication experimental study has been carried out and still being done. The VENUS facility has been constructed as the basic experimental platform for neutronics study in ADS blanket. It’s a zero power subcritical neutron multiplying assembly driven by external neutron produced by a pulsed neutron generator. The theoretical, experimental and simulation study on nuclear data, material properties and nuclear fuel circulation related to ADS is carrying on to provide the database for ADS system analysis. The main results on ADS related researches will be reported.     

Preface

正The standard model(SM)in particle physics has been successfully tested by the present experimental observations.The SM consists of electroweak unification theory and quantum chromodynamics(QCD)theory with light quarks(u;d;s)and heavy quarks(c;b;t)as its fundamental components.Usually,these quarks are named as the light flavor and the heavy flavor.In addition to quarks,there are intermediate gauge bosons and gluons for mediating the     

一类特殊的Ginzburg-Landau方程的色散极限

0　IntroductionTheGinzburg Landautypeequationsaresimplifiedmathematicalmodelsfornon linearsystemsinmechanics,physics,andotherareas.Thetime dependentcomplexGinzburg Landaupartialdifferentialequationhasbeenusedtomodelphenomenainanumberofdifferentareasinphysics,includingphasetransitionsinnon equilibriumsystems,instabilitiesinhydrodynamicsystems,chemicalturbulence,andthermodynamics( [1 ]) .TherehavebeenmanydiscussionsontheGinzburg Landauequations( [2 ,3]) .C .D .LevermoreandM .Oliver[2 ]studie…     

Impact of Informatics on QIPC

Quantum information processing and communication(QIPC) is an area of science that has two main goals: On one side,it tries to explore(still not well known) potential of quantum phenomena for(efficient and reliable) information processing and(efficient,reliable and secure) communication.On the other side,it tries to use quantum information storing,processing and transmitting paradigms,principles,laws,limitations,concepts,models and tools to get deeper insights into the phenomena of quantum world and to find efficient ways to describe and handle/simulate various complex physical phenomena.In order to do that QIPC has to use concepts,models,theories,methods and tools of both physics and informatics.The main role of physics at that is to discover primitive physical phenomena that can be used to design and maintain complex and reliable information storing,processing and transmitting systems.The main role of informatics is,one one side,to explore,from the information processing and communication point of view,limitations and potentials of the potential quantum information processing and communication technology,and to prepare information processing methods that could utilise potential of quantum information processing and communication technologies.On the other side,the main role of informatics is to guide and support,by theoretical tools and outcomes,physics oriented research in QIPC.The paper is to describe and analyse a variety of ways and potential informatics contributes and should/could contribute to the development of QIPC--see also Gruska(1999,2006,2008).     

The program structure designing and optimizing tests of GRAPES physics

According to the modularization and standardization of program structure in Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System （GRAPES）, the plug-compatible and transplantable regional meso-scale and global middle-range physics software package is established. The package＇s component integrality is comparative with the other advanced models physics. A three-level structure of connecting GRAPES physics and dynamic frame has been constructed. The friendly interface is designed for users to plug in their own physics packages. Phenomenon of grid-point storm rainfall in numerical prediction is analyzed with the numerical tests. The scheme of air vertical velocity calculation is improved. Opti- mizing tests of physics schemes are performed with the correlative parameters adjusting. The results show that the false grid-point storm rainfall is removed by precipitation scheme improving. Then the score of precipitation forecast is enhanced.     

A new era of nuclear astrophysics research in China

Nuclear astrophysics is a rapidly-growing interdisciplinary branch of physics involving a close collaboration among researchers in nuclear physics,astrophysics,and observational astronomy.The origin and fate of matter in our Universe are the primary questions in the nuclear astrophysics     

The L-shell ionization of Ho and Os induced by electron impact

The atomic inner-shell ionization cross section in- duced by electron impact is a basic topic in atomic physics and radiation physics. Since the 1930s, a great number of experimental and theoretical studies have been done[1―6]. In basic research, it is a…     

全球招聘新闻

正博士后[德国]Max Planck InstituteMax Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Gttingen(Germany)invites applications for positions as Postdoc orPh D student(Code-Number 22-14).You should have a strongbackground in physics,chemistry,computer science and/ormathematics and hold a Ph D or a Masters degree(or equivalent)in any of these or a related field,be highly interactive and willingto collaborate efficiently with experts from all natural sciences.     

A NEW METHOD TO SYNTHESIZE THE CATIONIC GRAFT STARCH

INTRODUCTIONStarch is a kind of abound and cheap resource, which can regenerate and whose structure is composed of glucose units that contain many active hydroxyl groups. The modified starch can be synthesized with various chemistry, physics and biology methods. It has extensive uses among all kinds of paper chemical products. The graft copolymerization of starch with acrylamide(AM) and cationic monomer can join the synthetic chain with high molecular onto the starch backbone. This is a …     

潮汐风暴潮中波浪对表面风应力系数的影响

利用依赖波浪成长状态波龄在表面风应力作用下的潮汐风暴潮数值模式,对渤海2个风过程个例引起的水位做了数值模拟研究,并给出了波浪作用下表面风应力系数大小的定量计算.个例1数值模拟结果表明,在最大风速时,考虑波浪作用的表面风应力数值是不考虑波浪作用时的1.5倍;相应的水位比不考虑波浪作用时的结果增大16 cm,与实测值更加吻合.个例2的计算结果也得到了类似结论,表明在进行潮汐风暴潮数值模拟时,必须考虑波浪的作用.     

太湖波浪过程的数值模拟

基于动谱平衡方程的SWAN波浪模型和湖流三维模型,分别对太湖波浪和湖流的生消过程进行动态模拟,并研究太湖湖流对波浪的影响.结果表明,湖流模型和SWAN波浪模型可以较好地模拟风作用下太湖湖流和波浪的生成和传播过程;太湖流场对波浪场具有一定影响;风速越大,影响越显著,同时也受风向影响;沿岸区波浪受湖流影响更加显著;湖流对波浪的影响基本上呈现湖流波浪同向时,有效波高增大,波速增大,波长增长;反向时有效波高减小,波速减小,波长缩短的特征.     

基于SWAN模型的风生波河道防浪林消浪模拟

选取嫩江干流佰大街堤防为研究区,综合分析其河道地形与岸线条件,应用地表水模拟系统(surface water modeling system, SMS)差分生成局部加密的非结构三角形计算网格。在此基础上,基于第三代浅水波浪模型(simulating wave nearshore, SWAN)模拟防浪林对河道风生波的影响。结果表明:在发生50年一遇洪水时,模型模拟波高与实测波高的相关系数达到0.95,模拟结果较好;嫩江干流佰大街堤防现状防浪林的消浪效果显著,消浪系数达到30.51%;基于非结构三角网格的SWAN模型能较好地模拟以风生波为主的复杂地形河道内的波浪场。     

渤海湾二维温带风暴潮与波浪耦合数学模型

基于二维温带风暴潮控制方程和动量谱平衡方程理论,建立了二维温带风暴潮与Swan波浪计算模式相结合的波流耦合数学模型,研究了波浪辐射应力对渤海湾二维温带风暴潮过程的影响,通过对发生在该区域的2次温带风暴潮过程的模拟计算,得到了波浪辐射应力作用前后的风暴潮潮流、潮位变化过程,并与塘沽验潮站实测的潮位变化过程进行对比.结果表明:波浪辐射应力对不同风暴潮过程的影响程度不同,与风应力的分布规律有关;考虑辐射应力作用的波浪与风暴潮耦合模型的模拟潮位变化过程和实测潮位变化过程较吻合,波浪辐射应力对岸线附近潮流形态的影响较明显.     

渤海海峡风浪特征统计分析

利用最新相关海洋气象资料分析渤海海峡风、浪、流等分布特征和变化规律.研究表明,进入20世纪90年代,渤海海域的年大风日数明显减少;在同等风力条件下,秋冬季节容易激发波浪的形成和波高增大;在秋冬季波浪形成延迟时间短,在春夏季延迟时间长.偏北风起浪慢,延迟时间长;偏南风起浪快,延迟时间短.研究结果对客滚船驾驶人员保障船舶的安全航行具有实际应用价值.     

黄海南部海域的极值波高推算

以黄海南部海域1979—2018年SWAN模型模拟的海浪后报数据为原始数据集，采用自动化法在原始数据集中提取独立的非热带气旋样本进行极值波高推算研究。选择年N大值法提取极值样本，匹配广义极值分布模型进行拟合，通过分析模型的拟合效果和外推有效波高的不确定性确定合理的N值范围，并采用阈值法的稳定阈值范围进行了验证。利用这种方法推算得到了黄海南部海域50、100、150、200 a重现期的极值波高，可为黄海南部海域海洋、海岸工程的设计施工提供参考。     

超长电磁波遥测技术在渤海深部油气勘探中的应用

根据渤海西岸和渤海中部两口探井的探测和对比实验分析,利用超长电磁波遥测技术可以根据已知探井的探测对比分析预测新探井的岩性界面,协助井位的选址和设计。另外,利用超长电磁波的探测技术可以从剖面和平面上对远景区进行普查性探测,编制远景区的构造图。根据塘沽-大连探测的超长电磁波频谱曲线剖面对比分析,证实引起渤海中部重磁异常高的地质体可能是基性超基性岩体。渤海中部地区的岩浆活动为本区的有机物成熟提供了热机制,因此,渤海中部地区可能是渤海深层天然气的勘探远景区。     

海浪过程对短期天气模拟的影响分析

利用海洋-大气-海浪耦合模式COAWST进行了两组以东海区域为中心的72 h模拟试验。通过对比考虑动态海浪过程与未考虑该过程的试验结果，分析动态海浪过程对短期天气模拟的影响。结果表明，考虑动态海浪过程后将增强海表感热、潜热通量的模拟，造成海表大气增暖增湿。这一暖湿差异将促进大气垂向运动的发展，造成海平面低压发展，并进一步影响大气流场的变化，增强局地升温效果，有利于形成正反馈。该暖湿差异在南海西北部与菲律宾海域最为明显，且随高度上升逐渐减弱，至500 hPa高度时差异基本消失。     

Development of typhoon driven wave nowcasting model in Southeast China Sea

Using optimal interpolation data assimilation of observed wave spectrum around Northeast coast of Taiwan Island, the typhoon driven wave nowcasting model in Southeast China Sea is setup. The SWAN (simulating waves nearshore) model is used to calculate wave field and the input wind field is the QSCAT/NCEP (Quick Scatterometer/National Centers for Environmental Prediction) data. The two-dimensional wavelet transform is applied to analyze the X-band radar image of nearshore wave field and it reveals that the observed wave spectrum has shoaling characteristics in frequency domain. The reverse calculation approach of wave spectrum in deep water is proposed and validated with experimental tests. The two-dimensional digital low-pass filter is used to obtain the initialization wave field. Wave data during Typhoon Sinlaku is used to calibrate the data assimilation parameters and test the reverse calculation approach. Data assimilation corrects the significant wave height and the low frequency spectra energy evidently at Beishuang Station along Fujian Province coast, where the entire assimilation indexes are positive in verification moments. The nowcasting wave field shows that the present model can obtain more accurate wave predictions for coastal and ocean engineering in Southeast China Sea.     

黄渤海风、浪、流等海洋水文要素特征分析

随着我国海洋建设的快速发展,深入了解海洋水文环境特征,为海洋工程等提供保障已迫在眉睫。本文根据日常保障经验,结合相关理论,利用QN（QuikSCAT/NCEP）混合风场、模拟海浪数据等资料,对黄渤海海域的海洋水文特征进行分析,主要分析了该海域的海表风场、海浪场、潮汐潮流、海雾、盐度、SST（海表温度——Sea Surface Temperature）的特征,可为防灾减灾、航海、海洋水文保障、海洋工程、海洋能资源开发利用提供科学依据。