最小二乘支持向量机的短期负荷多尺度预测模型

提出了一种改进的电力负荷短期预测小波网络模型，该模型采用最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)实现了小波分解系数的多尺度组合预测．首先使用多孔算法对短期负荷序列进行小波分解，得到指定尺度下的近似系数和相关尺度下的小波系数，然后利用LS-SVM对预测点的系数进行多尺度组合预测，通过小波重构可以求得相应的预测值．结合某地区短期负荷需求数据进行了仿真试验，研究了预测点与历史记录数据的相关关系．预测结果表明，使用本模型进行短期负荷预测同比传统小波神经网络方法可以获得更好的预测精度，同时LS-SVM的引入大大提高了模型的可计算性．     

基于自适应粒子群支持向量机的短期电力负荷预测

针对粒子群优化算法存在易陷入局部最优点的缺点,提出了一种新的基于平均粒距的自适应粒子群优化算法(ASPO).该算法利用种群多样性信息对惯性权重进行非线性调整,并在算法的后期引入速度变异算子和交换算子,使算法摆脱后期易于陷入局部最优点的束缚,同时又保持前期搜索速度快的特性.将该算法应用到基于支持向量机的短期电力负荷预测模型中,对支持向量机的参数进行优化.对某电网的短期负荷预测实际算例仿真分析表明,所提出的基于APSO-SVM方法的预测精度明显优于传统的SVM方法,且速度较快,因此,该算法用于短期电力负荷预测是有效可行的.     

基于小波分解-卷积神经网络和支持向量回归的短期负荷预测

为了提高短期负荷预测精度,考虑到除历史负荷数据之外的其他因素对短期负荷预测的重要影响,提出了一种基于离散小波分解(wavelet decomposition, WD)、卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network, CNN)和支持向量回归(support vector regression, SVR)的负荷预测模型。首先,该方法通过小波分解算法对历史负荷数据进行分析与重构,得到长度相同的历史负荷数据,降低了原始序列中非平稳性对预测精度的影响;其次,对天气因素、日期类型进行特征构造,得到特征数据;最后,将处理后的负荷数据输入卷积神经网络支持向量回归机模型,将天气特征数据输入反向传播(back propagation, BP)神经网络支持向量回归模型,通过两个模型结果的叠加得到最终的预测值。实验结果表明,模型的预测精度和效率优于传统的CNN网络、SVR网络以及输入不进行划分的CNN-SVR模型,验证了其可行性。     

基于变分模态分解和AMPSO-SVM耦合模型的滑坡位移预测

滑坡是一种严重威胁危害居民生命财产安全的自然灾害,滑坡位移预测有助于预测滑坡等自然灾害.滑坡体监测数据的处理和预测模型的建立是滑坡位移预测的基础.针对当前时间序列分析中应用广泛的EMD、EEMD分解算法的缺陷,将具有严格数学理论支撑且分解个数可控的变分模态分解算法应用于位移时间序列分解,以获得滑坡位移子序列.将自适应变异粒子群优化算法(AMPSO)和支持向量机(SVM)相结合,构建AMPSO-SVM位移预测耦合模型.运用耦合模型对分解所得位移子序列分别进行预测,然后重构子序列预测结果得到总位移预测值.以三峡库区白水河滑坡XD1监测点为例,针对2007～2012年监测数据,设置不同情景以验证所提出预测模型的有效性及稳定性.实例分析表明,基于变分模态分解和AMPSO-SVM耦合模型对于滑坡位移的预测性能优于BP神经网络预测模型和网格搜索优化的SVM模型,在滑坡位移预测中有良好的理论基础及工程应用价值.     

基于小波变换的支持向量机水文过程预测

针对支持向量机在水文过程应用分析中存在的问题,该文将小波变换和支持向量机相结合建立水文时序趋势分析模型。首先对水文序列通过小波变换进行预处理,把处理后序列分解成不同时间尺度下的子序列,然后用支持向量机对各子序列分别进行模拟和预测,将这些支持向量机的预测结果通过小波逆变换重构水文时间序列,建立基于小波变换的支持向量机水文过程趋势分析模型,以三门峡水文站天然月径流时序为例进行应用验证。研究结果表明:与传统的支持向量机、神经网络等预测模型相比,本文模型在预测精度和时间长度上均优于前二者。     

基于自适应粒子群参数优化的最小二乘支持向量机用电量预测模型

为应对当前复杂非线性的宏观经济形势与电力消耗情况,本文提出了一种自适应粒子群算法改进的最小二乘支持向量机负荷预测模型。根据粒子群中粒子的成熟程度对其进行分类,对不同类别的粒子分别采取不同的位置更新方式,可以保持粒子种群多样性,避免造成局部最优。利用自适应粒子群算法优化最小二乘支持向量机的模型参数,经过实证分析能够一定程度提高模型的预测精度,可以为中长期负荷预测工作提供一些的参考。     

注意力机制下的EMD-GRU短期电力负荷预测

为进一步提高短期电力负荷预测精度,构建一种基于注意力机制的经验模态分解(EMD)和门控循环单元(GRU)混合模型,对时间序列的短期负荷进行预测.首先,对负荷序列进行EMD,将数据重构成多个分量;再通过GRU提取各分量中时序数据的潜藏特征;经注意力机制突出关键特征后,分别对各分量进行预测;最后,将各分量的预测结果叠加,得到最终预测值.仿真结果表明:相对于BP网络模型、支持向量机(SVR)模型、GRU网络模型和EMD-GRU模型,基于EMD-GRU-Attention的混合预测模型能取得更高的预测精度,有效地提高短期电力负荷预测精度.     

粒子群优化支持向量机的交通量预测方法

为了准确预测交通流量,为实施交通疏导提供参考依据,提出了一种基于小生境粒子群优化高斯小波核函数支持向量机的交通流量预测方法。首先将小波思想引入核函数,使用高斯小波核函数取代了经典支持向量机的高斯核函数。同时在支持向量机的学习算法上引入了小生境粒子群优化算法,基于小生境粒子群的多样性的优势,使得支持向量机的参数得到最优解。最后进行了预测仿真,结果表明本文方法的预测精度高于传统方法。为交通流量的预测方法提供了一种参考。     

基于PSO—SVR的电力负荷预测

电力系统负荷预测精度直接决定了预测模型的质量.为了降低预测模型输出结果的预测误差,提出了粒子群算法优化支持向量机回归这一智能预测方法.通过对环境温度、节假日、工作日、日期的采集与分析作为模型的输入,以日平均负荷作为模型的输出.最后,通过仿真,对引入粒子群算法的支持向量机回归模型的预测结果进行对比分析.结果表明:优化后的智能模型取得了更为理想的预测结果.     

相空间重构和支持向量机参数联合优化研究

在混沌时间序列预测过程中,相空间重构和支持向量机参数是影响混沌时间序列预测性能的两个重要方面,传统上两者是分开单独进行的.利用相空间重构和支持向量机参数之间的互相依赖关系,提出了一种基于粒子群算法的相空间重构和支持向量机参数联合优化方法.参数联合优化核心思想是在相空间重构的同时选择最优支持向量机参数,通过粒子群算法对参数联合优化来实现.通过采用参数联合优化算法对混沌时间序列Mackey-Glass和太阳黑子年平均数时间序列进行了仿真实验,结果表明,相对于传统的分开单独优化方法,参数联合优化方法提高了混沌时间序列模型的预测精度,泛化能力更好.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.