导流隧洞混凝土衬砌结构有限元分析与研究

根据某水电站引水系统实际情况,采用ANSYS三维非线性有限元法,建立其引水系统中南导流隧洞的三维有限元模型,并对其钢筋混凝土衬砌结构进行分析,验证了衬砌方案和支护参数的合理性,提供衬砌配筋计算结果,并论证了现有衬砌和支护方案合理性,补充和完善加固处理措施.结果表明,南导流隧洞各段衬砌在计算工况下,水平位移最大值为0.256 mm,方向指向隧洞内部;垂直向最大位移为8.443 mm,方向向下;最大第一主应力为拉应力,其值为1.150 MPa;衬砌最大第三主应力为压应力,其值为-1.190 MPa,由于衬砌C25混凝土的抗压强度为11.9 MPa,故衬砌结构安全.但在侧墙与顶拱、侧墙与底板交界处应力值较大,应当采取适当措施加大结构的强度.     

高地温引水隧洞支护结构的受力特性分析

为了研究新疆某水电站高地温引水隧洞支护结构的受力特性,利用实测温度数据,结合弹性力学的拉梅公式计算与分析了隧洞衬砌施工期、运行期和检修期3种工况下4种计算情形下的径向应力、环向应力和轴向应力。计算分析结果表明,运行期由于过水内外壁温差较大,拉应力值大于施工期和检修期的拉应力值,其中拉应力主要是温度拉应力;3种工况下弹性模量随着温度变化比衬砌参数不变情况下的衬砌径向最大应力大0.02-0.04 MPa左右,比衬砌环向最大拉压应力大0.2 MPa左右,比衬砌轴向最大拉压应力大0.05 MPa左右;线膨胀系数随着温度变化引起的衬砌应力变化可忽略不计。上述结果可为高温引水隧洞衬砌设计提供依据,对类似工程设计有一定的参考价值。     

隧洞施工期有限元仿真分析

利用ANSYS APDL参数化有限元分析技术和生死单元技术,对西藏高海拔地区某一工程的引水隧洞施工期进行有限元仿真计算,基于岩石力学方法的围岩——结构模型对初期支护方案进行内力和变形的分析计算,同时得出了围岩开挖后的应力状态、塑性区大小和洞周变形等,从而可判断初期支护参数的选择是否合理。结果表明:1开挖初期支护后在围岩应力的作用下,发生了指向临空面的位移,最大位移发生在底板,值为4.601 mm,方向铅直向上,洞周的收敛位移都不大,围岩在施工中是稳定的;2最大应力值出现在底板两侧的边角位置,顶拱的拱铰处发生应力集中;3应力应变符合施工期隧洞工程的一般规律。     

下庄铜矿爆破施工对临近丙汉河隧道的安全影响

通过FLAC3D计算软件,对下庄铜矿爆破时临近隧道衬砌和铁轨的位移、应力和安全系数进行了分析.结果表明,铜矿爆破施工后,衬砌最大水平位移为4.07 mm,最大水平收敛为0.08 mm,最大沉降为4.23 mm,铁轨最大横向位移为3.46 mm,最大沉降为3.48 mm,均符合位移控制标准;衬砌与铁轨的最大主应力、最小主应力、剪应力增加量均较小;衬砌最小安全系数为4.49,符合规范要求.     

超前支护装备-顶板耦合模型建立与分析

针对超前支护存在的问题,通过叠加原理和有限差分原理,研究了超前支护装备-顶板之间相互作用力.采用叠加原理建立超前支护装备横、纵梁变形协调方程,并将其作为小支撑组的绝对位移.采用有限差分理论,并根据顶板的"三边固支,一边简支"的边界条件对建立了顶板的力学模型.采用ANSYS对超前支护装备-顶板耦合体系进行求解,结果表明:超前支护装备的最大应力发生于后部横、纵梁接触处为258 MPa,最大位移发生于中间纵梁后部及中纵梁与后部横梁连接处为2.219 mm.顶板的最大应力位于后部两角处为7.11 MPa,变形从迎头向后逐渐增大为7.77 mm.     

跨断层水工隧洞地震响应数值模拟分析方法

断层破碎带是影响高地震烈度区隧洞结构稳定的关键因素之一.针对地震作用下围岩与断层动力相互作用特点,建立了一种考虑多种接触状态的动接触力算法.该算法考虑了有限元模型中的点对接触和点面接触两种接触类型,可以模拟围岩与断层之间的黏结接触、静接触、分离和滑动接触4种接触状态,适合研究地震作用下围岩与断层动接触系统的非线性大滑移问题.首先,通过一滑块算例,验证了该算法的合理性.然后将此算法应用于滇中引水工程香炉山隧洞抗震稳定计算,对比分析了无断层,有断层、不考虑动接触,有断层、考虑动接触3种工况对隧洞地震响应的影响.结果表明,断层破碎带的存在加剧了隧洞的地震反应,主要表现为衬砌位移和应力的增加,以及围岩破坏区的扩大;考虑动接触后,围岩与断层在地震加载过程中,出现了明显的错动位移,进而对衬砌产生破坏作用;衬砌损伤区主要分布于断层穿过的部位及断层两侧约10 m范围内,其中上盘衬砌受断层影响较大;在横向地震动激励下,衬砌腰拱的应力和位移明显大于顶拱和底拱,为衬砌结构的薄弱部位.     

深埋隧洞开挖造成的应力变化过程

采用应力路径定义的安全系数计算方法,以锦屏二级水电站引水隧洞为例,采用FLAC3D软件分析深埋隧洞开挖造成的应力路径和安全系数变化过程.研究结果表明:在深埋隧洞开挖过程中,拱项、边墙和仰拱围岩的主应力、应力路径和安全系数变化规律基本一致;开挖面在监测断面2倍洞直径之内时,开挖开始引起监测断面处应力变化,在1倍洞直径之内时,变化则比较明显;在监测断面前约0.3倍洞直径时,会引起应力急剧变化;随着隧洞的开挖,围岩主应力的方向也会发生旋转,最大主应力方向最终旋转为隧洞的切向,中间主应力方向旋转为隧洞的轴向,最小主应力方向旋转为隧洞的径向;当开挖面通过监测断面后,安全系数趋于稳定值,且大于1,说明该隧洞在此种支护措施下是安全的.     

黄土隧道围岩局部浸水静力特征分析

我国西北地区湿陷性黄土分布广泛,由于其具有孔隙大,强度低等性质,导致黄土隧道修建时面临极大的困难与挑战。为了深入研究黄土隧道围岩局部浸水后对隧道结构稳定性的影响,本文依托定西锦屏隧道,借助Midas/GTS建立隧道模型,分别针对正常开挖后和局部浸水两种工况进行对比分析。研究局部浸水后黄土隧道围岩和衬砌结构的变形规律和力学特征。结果显示：正常开挖与浸水后,围岩最大沉降值均出现在隧道拱顶,开挖后最大沉降值为9.60mm,局部浸水后围岩最大沉降量增大到13.18mm;隧道开挖后围岩最大主应力为59kPa,浸水后,围岩最大主应力出现在拱顶与仰拱处,最大值为89kPa。黄土隧道围岩局部浸水后,衬砌结构的最大压应力为5.06MPa,最大拉应力2.08MPa。最大压应力只达到设计强度的42%,最大拉应力超过抗拉设计强度。     

地下洞室开挖围岩弹塑性动态稳定性分析

推导Drucker-Prager屈服准则强度储备安全系数的表达式。以糯扎渡水电站调压井大型地下洞室群施工为例,通过典型断面关键点位移、小主应力及安全系数随开挖步的变化,分析开挖对大型地下洞室群围岩稳定造成的影响。研究结果表明:强度储备安全系数随着主应力差的增大而减小。在开挖过程中,围岩整体稳定性较好,但是围岩位移、小主应力随开挖步的不断递进而持续增大,关键点安全系数持续减小,最大位移与最大拉应力均位于调压井下部,分别为10.57 mm及1.10 MPa,局部关键点最小安全系数不满足规范要求,所以洞室开挖后需及时支护。当二次衬砌高程大于关键点所处高程时,该点安全系数明显增大,且满足规范要求,通过支护方案比选,调压井混凝土浇筑至625.5 m高程是该工程最经济合理支护方案。     

热力耦合作用下圆形水工隧洞围岩弹塑性解析解

为研究圆形水工隧洞围岩弹塑性区受力特点,基于Mogi-Coulomb强度准则和弹塑性理论,考虑温度和衬砌结构的影响,推导热力耦合作用下水工隧洞围岩应力、洞壁位移和围岩塑性区半径的解析解。依托新疆某高地温水工隧洞工程进行计算分析,对中间主应力系数、温度、混凝土强度、衬砌厚度和围岩应力分布及塑性区半径间的关系展开参数分析。结果表明：温度变化产生的拉应力会使衬砌结构对围岩支反力减小,围岩塑性区半径和洞壁位移有所增大,隧洞岩体稳定性变差;中间主应力系数b对岩体强度影响较大,b=0.5时围岩塑性区半径明显小于不考虑中间主应力时的塑性区半径;提高混凝土强度和增加衬砌厚度在初始阶段都能明显限制围岩塑性区发展,虽后续效果都不佳,但增大衬砌厚度更能限制围岩塑性区发展。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.