结构近中区爆炸波能量分配和衰减特征

通过混凝土爆炸试验,测试到了距爆源8～16 cm范围内的爆炸波全应变信号.通过信号的时频能分析,将爆炸波识别后分离为爆炸冲击波区、应力波区及爆生气体膨胀作用区,并就各区的作用时间、力量大小、能量特征及其随距离的衰减特点开展了定量研究.结果表明,在距离炮孔中心线40R0的测点范围内同时受到爆炸冲击波、应力波和爆生气体膨胀的共同作用:总能量在距爆源8～16 cm范围内下降了55.5%;爆炸冲击波能量占测点能量的30%～40%,随距离的增大减小;应力波能占测点能量的20%～40%,随距离增大而呈线性减小;爆生气体膨胀能占测点能量的20%～40%,随距离增大而减小缓慢,且在损伤边界处存在显著增大现象.     

不耦合装药爆炸波时频能分离及能量分布

为了对爆炸特征进行研究,选择了Cohen类分布中的Margenau-Hill分布函数就实测爆炸波信号开展了时频能分析,实现了爆炸波信号的识别定位和爆炸冲击波、应力波和爆生气体膨胀作用下的时频域动应变能密度区分离,通过计算得到了总动应变能和各分区的动应变能。就不耦合系数K和到炮孔中心不同距离R下的各分区动应变能与爆炸后损伤之间的关系进行了对比,提出了与损伤阈值Dcri有关的动应变能阈值Ecri为岩体是否破裂的能量判据。结果表明,动应变能大于Ecri时,岩体才损伤。     

柱状药包爆炸波传播规律的试验分析

药包爆炸波在结构体中传播规律是研究爆破工程的关键性问题之一。先利用爆炸水池对微小药量柱状药包爆炸冲击波压力进行试验测试,得到药包爆炸冲击波压力计算公式的相关参数;再利用预埋在试件中应变砖,对不同药量和长径比的药包进行爆破超动态应变测试。通过试验数据分析获得了柱状药包的爆炸冲击波在混凝土类脆性材料中的传播规律以及近中区应力波公式σγ＝σm中的衰减系数α值。珔γα     

意外撞击和冲击波作用下气瓶的动态响应分析

基于任意拉格朗日多物质流-固耦合算法,对空气采用ALE网格,对炸药采用JWL状态方程,分析了爆炸冲击波单独作用和高速子弹与冲击波联合作用下高压气瓶的动态响应.结果表明,在冲击波作用下气瓶应力急剧上升,气瓶出现屈服并发生屈曲,爆心距瓶体越近,气瓶受冲击波的影响越大;联合作用时应力相互叠加使得气瓶应力值比单独作用时有明显增大,变形相对于高速撞击和爆炸波单独作用显著增加,塑性变形区域变大,破坏程度更加明显.     

SCM435钢热变形动态再结晶动力学模型参数的确定

通过分析冷镦钢SCM435在温度为950～1150℃、应变速率为0.1～1s-1范围内发生动态再结晶的热/力模拟试验数据,利用其应变硬化速率θ与流变应力σ的θ-σ曲线,准确确定了其发生动态再结晶的临界应变εc、峰值应变εp、临界应力σc和峰值应力σp,用应力-应变(σ-ε)曲线方法计算SCM435钢的动态再结晶Avrami动力学曲线和时间指数n.结果表明:SCM435钢发生动态再结晶的临界应变与峰值应变的平均比值εc/εp=0.73,动态再结晶Avrami时间指数平均值n=1,91;在温度950～1150℃,应变速率0.1～1 s-1范围内,应变速率是SCM435钢的动态再结晶动力学敏感因素,温度对其影响不大;动态再结晶率50%的时间t50与应变速率成反比.     

新型装配式组合结构对爆炸冲击波流场的影响

为有效防护爆炸冲击波及抛掷物等的破坏作用,设计了一种新型装配式双层钢板组合结构体系.采用ALE(arbitrary lagrange-euler)算法对4种TNT药量、2种爆距下结构前方及上方流场规律进行了数值分析,得到了爆炸压力场的分布特点和不同位置的冲击波超压等的变化规律,分析了爆炸冲击波与组合结构的作用过程,并与经验公式及TM5-855-1计算结果进行了比较.分析表明,结构前方爆心水平线上0.3 m范围的超压峰值增大,但药量和爆距对此范围的大小影响不大;结构上方一定范围内的冲击波超压减弱,且随着药量和爆距的增大而减小;药量增大、爆距减小时,结构前上方冲击波超压增强的范围增大.     

Ti62421s钛合金的热变形行为及加工图

在变形温度为900～1060℃和应变速率为0.001～10s-1条件下,对Ti62421s合金进行变形量为60％的热压缩变形,以研究Ti62421s合金的热压缩流变应力行为.研究温度与应变速率对Ti62421s热变形流变应力的影响,建立Ti62421s合金热变形流变应力的本构方程和加工图.研究结果表明:合金在热压缩过程中,流变应力随着应变的增大而增加,达到峰值应力后逐渐趋于平稳:当在高应变速率(10s-1)下变形时,出现不连续屈服现象:应力峰值随应变速率的增大而增大,随温度的升高而呈减小趋势:合金最佳变形工艺参数为:温度θ=980℃,应变速率(ε)=0.01～0.1s-1.     

Cr15Mn9Cu2Ni1N不锈钢热变形过程的动态再结晶动力学及影响因素

采用Thermorestor-W热模拟试验机,对Cr15Mn9Cu2Ni1N不锈钢进行热压缩试验,研究其在变形温度950～1 200℃,应变速率0.01～2.5s-1条件下的动态再结晶行为.当变形温度高于1 000℃后,Cr15Mn9Cu2Ni1N不锈钢的变形以动态再结晶为主,且随温度升高,峰值应力对应的应变减小.利用应变硬化率-应力曲线确定的材料动态再结晶临界应力σc、峰值应力σp、饱和应力σss(e)和稳态应力σs的数值,回归得到临界动态再结晶应变εc与Zener-Hollomon参数的关系,并确定临界应力与峰值应力的关系.通过建立Cr15Mn9Cu2Ni1N不锈钢的热变形动态再结晶Avrami模型,分析应变速率和变形温度对Avrami曲线的影响,表明应变速率比温度对Cr15Mn9Cu2Ni1N不锈钢的动态再结晶Avrami曲线的影响更加显著.     

复杂应力状态下典型材料全载荷过程中的力学行为

针对材料在复杂应力状态下全载荷过程中的力学行为问题,应用实心圆轴试件进行拉扭联合试验,重点解决试验中拉伸扭转应力时时按固定比例C(σ/τ)加载的难题.以304不锈钢和16Mn R碳钢为研究对象,进行24组不同C值的拉扭试验.在此基础上,研究了实心圆轴试件在全寿命过程中等效真应力应变的处理方法,探索了不同应力状态对塑性极限承载能力的影响,并引入三轴应力度(TS)概念对其进行表征.结果表明:两种材料的极限应力(σ_(max))随着不同TS值变化均存在应力驻点,此处材料的σ_(max)最小;两种材料的极限应变(ε_(max))与TS值呈现反比函数关系;利用本文所提出的工程计算公式,可以在确定结构某点的应力状态情况下,推测结构在此时所能承受的极限应力与极限应变.但是不同材料的σ_(max)-TS、ε_(max)-TS呈现不同的函数关系,需分别进行试验标定.     

金属材料不同缺口根半径拉伸试样中的应力应变分析

用有限元法计算了钢和铝合金不同缺口根半径拉伸试样的应力、应变分布及其随外加载荷的变化规律.研究结果表明,缺口前端的最大正应力σyy/σy、三向应力度σm/σ和等效塑性应变εp都随外加载荷P/Pgy的增加而增大,但在整体屈服之前(P/Pgy<1)和整体屈服之后(P/Pgy>1)的变化规律不同.当外加载荷P/Pgy一定时,随缺口根半径的减小,缺口前的σyy/σy、σm/σ和εp均增大,但在较大缺口根半径(R≥2mm)和较小缺口根半径(R<2mm)时的应力、应变分布及其随P/Pgy的变化规律有所不同.材料拉伸力学性能对缺口前端的应力、应变分布总体上影响不大.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.