使用碳纤维板加固的RC梁桥服役过程可靠度指标分析

基于大气环境下混凝土强度的衰减模型和钢筋的锈蚀模型,考虑材料性能、几何参数和计算模式的不定性,建立了服役RC桥梁加固前和加固后的抗力时变模型。并结合一座实桥运用JC验算点法,计算出了服役50年的桥梁在加固前和加固后的可靠度指标,加固前可靠度指标降为3.576 4,通过碳纤维板加固后可靠度指标提升至4.611,满足了规范对可靠度指标的要求,且在今后50年服役中都能满足可靠度要求。算例分析表明该加固方案是可行的。最后对恒载的变异系数和活载的变异系数进行了分析,发现汽车活载对可靠度指标的影响最大,验证了交通量的变化是影响目前桥梁结构功能退化的主要原因这一结论。     

基于时变可靠度的梁桥性能退化研究

通过分析混凝土结构耐久性退化原理,得到钢筋和混凝土材料性能的时变过程,进一步建立抗力与荷载的随机过程.通过将设计基准期等分成N段,求得每段内的可靠度,根据可靠度的概率意义得到时变可靠指标.比较了JC法与蒙特卡罗抽样法的计算精度,结果表明可以用JC法代替蒙特卡罗法计算时变可靠度指标.研究了混凝土保护层厚度和荷载变化对时变可靠指标的影响.     

结构时变可靠度计算的全随机过程模型

为了对既有结构的可靠性进行正确评估，必须考虑时间变化的影响，对目前可靠度分析中采用的只考虑荷载随时间变化的半随机过程模型进行改进。基于结构抗力和作用效应相互独立的基本假设，充分依据作用效应和抗力的时变特性，考虑结构抗力为独立增量过程，并计算了抗力的自相关系数，得到了计算结构失效概率的近似算法，建立了结构时变可靠度计算的全随机过程模型。通过实例验证，该方法简单易行，便于工程应用，为基于时变可靠度理论的既有结构评估和寿命预测提供理论依据。     

考虑拉索抗力退化的斜拉桥体系可靠度评估

疲劳损伤和大气腐蚀作用致使斜拉索性能退化,影响斜拉桥运营期的安全水平.为了分析拉索抗力退化对斜拉桥体系可靠度的影响,建立了斜拉索抗力退化的串并联概率模型,提出基于机器学习的斜拉桥时变体系可靠度分析方法.以经典斜拉桥和某大跨度双塔混凝土斜拉桥为工程背景,研究了考虑拉索抗力退化的结构时变体系可靠度.研究结果表明:对于稀索体系的小跨度斜拉桥,随着斜拉索抗力的逐步退化,桥梁结构体系的主要的失效路径为由梁和塔的弯曲失效逐渐转变为由拉索腐蚀引起的拉索强度失效;当拉索抗力退化后的可靠度低于主梁关键截面可靠度时,结构体系可靠度将显著降低;对于密索体系的大跨度斜拉桥,在拉索疲劳和腐蚀共同作用下,该斜拉桥体系可靠指标将在29年降低到5.2.     

既有预应力混凝土桥梁结构承载能力时变可靠度研究

文章在研究了既有预应力混凝土桥梁抗力和荷载时变特性的基础上,建立了现有预应力混凝土桥梁抗弯承载能力的时变可靠度计算模型,讨论了结构时变可靠度的计算方法,编制了可靠度计算实用分析程序,计算了时变可靠度指标,以我国高速公路桥梁中广泛应用的多座预应力混凝土T梁桥为例,在考虑其抗力时变特性的理论基础上,研究承载能力可靠度的衰减规律。     

轻钢屋面自攻钉节点在台风作用下时变可靠度研究

为建立台风作用下自攻钉节点灾后性能评估办法,首先基于风洞试验的屋面时程风压系数数据,结合模拟台风的风速和风向信息,利用雨流分析法计算台风过境期间的屋面风压系数矩阵,进而用于不同风速下的节点抗力退化模型计算.其次,结合台风荷载模型,采用蒙特卡罗模拟方法,获得沿海城市自攻钉节点的时变可靠度指标,从而实现基于概率的自攻钉节点抗风性能评估.此外,根据模拟台风方法给出模拟台风的风速及风向的解析解,同时得到了台风致自攻钉节点抗力退化数学模型.通过算例分析得出考虑自攻钉节点的台风致抗力退化会使其可靠度显著下降.在对轻钢屋面自攻钉节点进行可靠度评估时,按照我国规范中的目标可靠指标较为保守.     

R0g（t）-滤过复合Weibull过程模型的时变可靠度

考虑退化结构功能函数为随机过程,并考虑应力为滤过复合Weibull过程,由此导出一个时段内的时变可靠度公式.     

基于响应面和重要抽样法的隧道衬砌结构时变可靠度

由于隧道衬砌结构极限状态方程高度非线性,直接采用一般的可靠度计算方法得到的是几何可靠度,存在较大误差,需进行改进.结合响应面法和重要抽样两种方法,利用响应面法得到的验算点作为重要抽样法的抽样中心,进而求解结构的可靠度指标.在该理论的基础上,考虑结构抗力随时间衰减的因素,利用Matlab软件编制了隧道在服务寿命期限内的时变可靠度指标的计算程序,并通过回归分析,得到了时变可靠度指标随着时间呈指数递减的规律.通过耐久性系数与时变可靠度指标的对应关系,可得到衬砌结构任意时刻的耐久性系数,该系数则是衬砌结构耐久性设计的关键.该方法对功能函数高度非线性的工程较适用,并且为结构耐久性设计提供了基础.     

考虑验证荷载的既有结构可靠度计算

既有结构的可靠度与抗力衰减、抗力后验分布、活荷载取值有密切的关系.文中借助现行荷载规范活荷载的分布函数,采用极大似然估计法,推导了指数型抗力衰减函数的参数计算公式和验证荷载下的抗力后验分布函数计算公式.在综合考虑抗力衰减、抗力后验分布与活荷载取值3个因素的情况下,选取线性功能函数和非线性功能函数计算了恒载和活载共同作用下的可靠度.计算结果表明,影响既有结构可靠度的3个主要因素中,其显著性程度按照由高到低的次序是:抗力衰减、抗力后验分布、活荷载取值(与目标使用期有关).     

考虑验证荷载的既有结构可靠度计算研究

既有结构的可靠度与抗力衰减、抗力后验分布、活荷载取值有密切的关系,本文借助现行荷载规范活荷载的分布函数,采用极大似然估计法,推导了指数型抗力衰减函数的参数计算公式和验证荷载下的抗力后验分布函数计算公式,在综合考虑抗力衰减、抗力后验分布与活荷载取值三个因素下,选取了线性功能函数和非线性功能函数,考虑恒载和活载共同作用的可靠度计算。计算结果表明,影响既有结构可靠度的三个主要因素中,其显著性程度按照由高到低的次序是：抗力衰减、抗力后验分布、活荷载取值（与目标使用期有关）。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.