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1.
外壁恒温条件下单管冻结温度场发展规律   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了获得各影响因素对单管冻结温度场的综合影响规律,采用将相似理论与数值计算、物理试验相结合的研究方法,全面研究了冻结管外表面恒温情况下的单管冻结问题,分析了冻土半径与各影响因素间的关系。获得了冻土区温度分布规律、冻结壁厚度与平均温度的计算公式,所得公式具有较高计算精度,为工程技术人员较精确地估算实际冻结工程中外排冻结管布置圈外侧的冻结壁厚度和平均温度、冻结壁交圈时间提供了方便条件。  相似文献   

2.
本文利用层次分析法对岩石爆破性进行多因素综合分析,得到各因素的权重向量,利用效用理论对指标因素进行量化,建立岩石爆破性评价函数,并对五种岩石进行了计  相似文献   

3.
冻结中的固液相变过程是冻土冻胀研究的一个基础.根据热传导理论,对半无限土体的热传导模型进行分析,将冻土分为已冻土和未冻土两个区,对固液相变以及冻结锋面的移动进行研究,探索影响冻土温度分布的因素,研究含水量、干密度和土的类型对温度场及冻结锋面移动速率的作用.同时根据冻结锋面的移动规律,建立了冻胀量随时间的关系式.最后,通过算例,结果表明含水量和干密度对冻土温度分布产生不小的影响,尤其是含水量,含水量越大,冻结锋面移动越快.含水量对冻土温度分布的影响最大,其次是干密度,土类型的影响最小.分析显示冻胀过程中温度与冻胀的影响作用明显,含水量是一重要因素,对冻胀量的影响是非常显著的.  相似文献   

4.
针对冻土环境、自然环境和气候系统的复杂性和不确定性,用模糊数学方法从冻土环境、自然环境及区域气候条件3个方面,分2个层次10个因素建立了青藏±500 kV直流联网工程(以下简称输电线路)冻土杆塔基础(以下简称塔基)稳定性评价的模糊综合评判模型,并通过资料确定了各因素等级标准和权重.以输电线路多年冻土区的的6个主要冻土典型地段为例进行了冻土塔基稳性综合评价.结果表明:唐古拉山等山区的塔基稳定性好,布曲河等断陷谷地次之,北麓河等陷盆地最差.  相似文献   

5.
冻土爆破施工,既要提高施工速度,又要保证冻结管的安全。本文给出了冻结管的破坏准则即爆破震动破坏准则、强度准则和变形破坏准则,对冻结管安全性检验具有一定的参考作用  相似文献   

6.
人工冻土的物理力学指标是冻结法凿井中冻结壁设计参数和开挖的依据,为提高人工冻土单轴抗压强度预测的精确度与稳定性,利用灰色理论处理小样本数据的独特优势,结合影响人工冻土单轴抗压强度因素,提出了人工冻土单轴抗压强度的预测方法。针对传统的GM(1,1)模型预测产生的较大误差的缺点,增加了原始序列的光滑度,并优化了时间响应函数,建立了改进的GM(1,1)模型。结果表明,利用改进的GM(1,1)模型的预测精度优于传统模型。该模型为人工冻土单轴抗压强度的预测提供了一种新方法。  相似文献   

7.
单排管冻结温度场ТРУПАК和БАХОЛДИН公式的适用性   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
采用Ansys有限元分析软件模拟单排管冻结壁温度场的分布情况,将得到的数据与Трупак单排管公式和r2flx03i,K14H单排管冻结温度场公式作比较,分析Трупак公式与Бахолдин公式,找出公式的不足,同时验证工程中还在应用的Трупак公式与Бахолдин公式根据测温值反算冻土壁厚度公式的适用性.结果表明,冻土柱交圈前,Трупак单管公式能比较真实地反映单根管情况下冻土温度场的情况;交圈后Трупак公式的应用是极不合适的,而Бахолдин公式得到了满意的结果.  相似文献   

8.
冻土爆破作用与特性分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
从理论上分析了冻土的爆破作用,爆腔周围依次形成四个区:流体区、破裂区、弹塑性变形区、弹性区。根据相似理论和利文斯顿爆破漏斗理论进行了冻结粘土、砂土不同温度下的爆破漏斗试验,对爆破漏斗几何参数、块度、漏斗形式及扩腔进行了分析,并进行了最佳药量及最佳深度的计算。得出结论对冻土爆破设计有一定的参考价值  相似文献   

9.
天津地铁联络通道冻结施工的数值分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用通用有限元程序ANSYS,建立联络通道三维模型,对冻结施工过程进行三维数值分析,研究了冻土墙在设计冻结温度和厚度情况下的受力性能以及分步开挖对冻土墙和地面沉降的影响.结果表明,冻结法施工所采用的设计参数是安全的;分步开挖对地面沉降影响较小,对冻土墙底板、冻土壁和拱顶变形影响较大,其中冻土墙底板为开挖施工中结构的最不利部位,施工时应加强支护.  相似文献   

10.
地铁隧道水平冻结法施工冻结壁温度场影响参数分析   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
以地铁隧道水平冻结法施工中最常见的粉质粘土为例,应用大型数值分析软件ANSYS系统研究冻结管直径、冻结管间距、盐水温度、土层含水量4大因素对冻结法施工中温度场的影响,提出各因素对冻结壁厚度和冻结时间的灵敏度公式;在各影响因素下通过灵敏度对比分析,得出各因素对冻结壁厚度灵敏度影响规律,该影响规律由大到小依次为:盐水温度、冻结管间距、冻结管直径、土层含水量.  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

14.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

15.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

16.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

17.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

18.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

19.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

20.
The non-orthogonal localized molecular orbital(NOLMO)is the most localized representation of electronic degrees of freedom.As such,NOLMOs are thus potentially the most efficient for linear scaling calculations of electronic structures for large systems.However,direct ab initio calculations with NOLMO have not been fully implemented and widely used,partly because of the slow convergence issue in the optimization of NOLMO.We devel-  相似文献   

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