基于计算听觉场景分析的语音增强改进算法

针对单通道语音增强问题,基于计算听觉场景分析(CASA)的原理,提出了一种基于CASA计算模型的语音增强改进算法。该算法在特征提取中选择了目标语音有效能量、信道互相关等特征,对语谱能量和互相关特征的阈值选取进行了改进。在5种低信噪比噪声干扰条件下的仿真实验结果证明,该算法输出增强语音的信噪比平均提高了9.32dB,有效地抑制了噪声。     

基于CASA简化模型的语音增强算法

基于听觉现象分析（CASA）模型的基本原理,针对仅有非语音信号干扰情况下的单通道语音增强处理问题,利用人耳的频率掩蔽效应,提出了一种单通道简化CASA计算模型语音增强新算法,新算法通过提取混合语音输入中的有效语音时频成分并利用人耳的听觉掩蔽效应重构合成增强语音输出信号,通过在汽车噪声和白噪声干扰下的仿真实验结果表明,简化的CASA模型语音增强算法的输出信噪比约提高了10dB,且可以有效抑制干扰噪声的听觉影响,增强输出语音信号的可懂度。     

基于计算听觉场景分析的改进清音分离方法

基于计算听觉场景分析(CASA)的单通道语音分离方法在浊音分离领域已发展得较为成熟,然而由于清音信号具有较小的能量且不包含周期性基音特征,因此清音分离具有较大的困难。根据噪声信号分布的不确定性和不稳定性,提出了基于CASA和谱减的改进清音分离方法。改进方法在剔除了浊音块后,通过基于距离加权的残余噪声估计算法得到每个清音单元中所包含的噪声能量,对每个清音单元进行谱减算法并标记,进一步剔除残余噪声单元,提取出清音信号。实验结果证明:与传统清音分离方法相比,改进方法对时变性残余噪声能量的估计结果更加精确,更能提高清音分离的有效性。     

多带激励声码器的改进双路径基音跟踪算法

为了增强多带激励（MBE）声码器基音估计性能的鲁棒性,提出了一种可适用于低信噪比语音信号的改进双路径基音跟踪算法．采用全新构造的差值不等式作为约束方程,其差值门限的取值在基音跟踪过程中能够根据基音周期长短的统计特征自动更新．实验结果显示：在SNR为-5dB的高斯白噪声干扰的情况下,基音估计的严重错误概率的性能改善平均达到70％．与传统算法相比,该算法对不同讲话者和不同程度高斯白噪声干扰均具有较强的适应能力,尤其在噪声严重的情况下该算法对基音估计的准确性得到明显改善,从而使合成语音具有较好的可懂度和自然度．     

小波分析法对多带激励声码器基音提取的改进

作者介绍了小波变换用于语音信号基音周期检测的原理，提出了基于小波变换后波形特征的基音提取算法。该算法与原多带激励声码器基音提取算法相比，能有效避开噪声的干扰，正确提取语音的基音，计算复杂度也降低很多。     

采用聚类神经网络与分离输出语音重构的语音分离算法

基于听觉现象分析计算模型 ( CASA)的基本原理 ,对仅有单通道输入混合语音信号时 ,采用振荡器神经网络 ,提出了一种 CASA计算模型语音分离算法结构 .利用实例说明了算法的具体实现步骤和参数设置 .讨论了该算法结构中各语音听觉感知成分 Segments的聚类过程和对分离输出语音的重构处理部分 ,以及如何采用合适的听觉感知成分聚类规则设计相应的聚类神经网络 ,以完成对应不同输入独立语音源信号的各 Segments的聚类 ,从而实现语音分离任务     

用子空间提高有色噪声背景下的语音质量

针对在语音通信过程中,纯净语音信号经常受到周围有色噪声环境干扰导致语音质量下降的问题,提出了一种用子空间提高语音质量,改善听觉感知度,降低用户听觉疲劳感的算法。该算法通过用非平稳噪声估计方法实时跟踪噪声信号的特征值,对跟踪的噪声和信号进行对角化;为了进一步消除有色噪声,对带噪语音再次进行维纳滤波处理,最后获得更新的最优特征值估计方程。实验结果表明,在信噪比不同的工厂噪声等有色噪声背景下,与传统子空间的算法相比,经过新算法的语音信噪比得到了明显的提高,且有效地降低了音乐噪声。     

采用聚类神经网络与分离输出语音重构的语音分离算法

基于听觉现象分析计算模型 (CASA)的基本原理 ,对仅有单通道输入混合语音信号时 ,采用振荡器神经网络 ,提出了一种 CASA计算模型语音分离算法结构 .利用实例说明了算法的具体实现步骤和参数设置 .讨论了该算法结构中各语音听觉感知成分 Segments的聚类过程和对分离输出语音的重构处理部分 ,以及如何采用合适的听觉感知成分聚类规则设计相应的聚类神经网络 ,以完成对应不同输入独立语音源信号的各 Segm ents的聚类 ,从而实现语音分离任务     

基于基音频能值的端点检测算法

根据语音的发声特点,基于分析语音信号中的基音频率和语音之间的关系,提出一种在强噪声环境下实现提高语音识别率的方法,并对基于基音频能值的端点检测算法和传统语音端点检测算法进行比较.实验结果表明该方法不仅能够有效提高语音段的检测率,同时还具有计算量小、实时性高、不受噪声影响即鲁棒性好等特点.     

一种改进的基音检测算法

提出了一种改进的基音检测算法,通过最小化重建谐振峰与原始谐振峰之间的误差得到最佳的基音估计。在基音估计中引入误差控制因子以得到无偏的误差函数,同时对基音轨迹跟踪技术作了改进,以保证基音轨迹的正确演变。实验结果表明,与ＩＭＢＥ标准中的基音检测算法相比,该方法能够提供更正确且平滑的基音轨迹,尤其在过渡段能有效地跟踪快速基音变化,从而使重建语音具有更好的连续性和主观质量。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.