BR_0-代数与BCK-代数

讨论了BR0-代数与BCK-代数之间以及BR0-代数的滤子与BCK-代数的理想之间的关系,给出了BR0-代数可以诱导出一个有界BCK-代数,有界交换BCK-代数也可以诱导出一个BR0-代数,又以推论的形式得出了有界交换BCK-代数与MV-代数是两个等价的代数系统等结论.     

3阶CI-代数

作为BCK/BCI/BCH-代数和BE-代数的推广,CI-代数是一类新的逻辑代数。构造CI-代数的实例是亟待解决的问题。扩张已有代数是构造新代数的重要方法。给出了两个扩张定理,分别把BE-代数扩张为BE-代数,把CI-代数扩张为CI-代数,并且给出了全部3阶的CI-代数,检验了3阶(2,0)型代数的81个乘法表,同构代数视作相等的,则仅有8个代数是3阶的CI-代数,为CI-代数的研究提供了重要实例。     

格蕴涵代数、MV-代数和有界可换的BCK-代数

本文证明了格蕴涵代数和有界可交换BCK-代数是两个等价的代数系统,以及MV-代数和有界可交换BCK-代数是两个等价的代数系统。     

BCK-代数的扩张

讨论了BCK-代数的极大元扩张的同构问题，引进了有限BCK-代数的一种新的扩张方法——保型扩张，小原子扩张只是保型扩张的特殊情况，给出了扩张后的代数与原代数之间的保型性质，并且讨论了新代数的一些有关理想的性质。     

关于BCI—代数和BCH—代数并代数的一些注记

我们知道,BCK-代数有并代数的概念(见[1]),但一族BCK-代数的并代数的概念不可推广到BCI-代数(见[1]).1984年李欣曾定义了一个BCK-代数和一个BCI-代数的(LX)并代数。自然我们应当考虑一般性的问题:可否(用一种统一的方法)对任意两个BCI-代数定义其并代数?我们先作下列定义:     

有条件(S)真BCI代数的若干性质

用BCK-代数扩张的方法研究了有条件（S）的BCI-代数的序关系,给出了：（1）有限BCK-代数B有条件（S）←→它的Iseki扩张是有条件（S）;（2）设I是真BCI-代数,B是I的BCK-部分,且日有限,E是I的P-半单部分,如果I=BULE且日作为BCK-代数有条件（S）,则,也具有条件（S）．     

广义拟右交错BCI—代数及其结构

本文引入广义拟右交错BCI-代数的概念,讨论了它的基本性质。利用LX并代数的概念,证明了结构定理:拟交错BCK-代数、广义结合BCI-代数以及任意拟交错BCK-代数与任意纯广义结合BCI-代数的LX并代数都是广义拟右交错的BCI-代数;反之,广义拟右交错BCI-代数或者是拟交错BCK-代数,或者是广义结合BCI-代数或者是拟交错BCK-代数与纯广义结合BCI-代数的LX并代数。从而解决了该类代数的结构问题。     

Hilbert代数与BCK-代数

引入交换Hilbert代数与BCK-代数的概念,给出了它的一个等价公理系.同时,研究了Hilbert代数与BCK-代数,MV代数的关系.     

关于可换BCK-代数的一点注记

1980年Isèki,K.提出了这样的问题:具条件(C)的BCK-代数是否可换BCK-代数?1981年PaL'asinski,M.证明了具条件(C_1)的BCK-代数是可换BCK-代数。但又说:“条件C_1弱于条件C”,从而认为解决了Isèki的问题。本文指出上述说法是错误的,并解决了Isèki的问题,还提出了另外几个新的可换BCK-代数的系统。     

拟左交错BCI-代数

研究了拟左交错BCI-代数,它比拟交错BCK-代数更具一般性。文中证明拟左交错BCI-代数具有散子代数性质,且可分解为熟知的拟交错BCK-代数与结合BCI-代数的(LX)并代数。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the