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1.
等离子熔覆镍基合金的组织及其冲蚀磨损性能   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为提高不锈钢材料的耐冲蚀磨损性能,以Ni46合金粉末为原料, 采用等离子熔覆工艺在不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti基材上制备镍基合金涂层,分析了熔覆层的显微组织以及物相形貌和相结构等,测定了涂层的显微硬度. 使用旋转圆盘实验机研究了Ni基等离子熔覆合金涂层在砂浆中的冲蚀行为. 结果表明: 材料的冲蚀磨损性能受到材料基本力学性能的限制,高硬度镍基涂层的抗冲蚀性能最好,在相同实验条件下其磨损率由小到大排列顺序为镍基涂层>0Cr13Ni5Mo>1Cr18Ni9Ti;镍合金层中奥氏体基体的固溶强化和硬质相有效抵御砂砾的冲击,是Ni基等离子熔覆合金层具有高抗冲蚀性能的主要原因.  相似文献   

2.
模具钢表面激光涂覆硬面合金层的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文应用1.5kW横流式CO2气体激光器将NiWC25,Ni55,Fe450,stelite12等四种硬面合金粉末涂覆在Y4模具钢的表面,用扫描电镜能谱仪、光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、耐磨实验机等分别对合金层的剖面元素分布、合金层的微观组织、相组成、显微硬度及耐磨性等进行了较详细的测定分析.研究结果表明:合金涂覆层与基材在激光作用下能形成良好的冶金结合;合金层的组织是以过饱和奥氏体基相上弥散分布着碳化物和硼化物的多元共晶组织;该合金层具有优于Y4模具钢的耐磨性能,其中以NiWC25合金层的耐磨性最优异.  相似文献   

3.
9SiCr工具钢表面激光熔覆合金的组织与性能   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
使用CO2激光器对9SiCr工具钢表面进行Co基和Ni基合金熔覆处理,X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜分析了激光合金熔覆层的相组成和显微组织;显微硬度计对合金熔覆区的显微硬度进行测量·结果表明,合金熔覆层在微观结构上存在熔覆区、结合区和基体热影响3个区域·Co基合金熔覆区相组成为奥氏体+铁素体+碳化物,Ni基合金熔覆区相组成为奥氏体+铁素体+碳化物+金属间化合物·Ni基合金熔覆层的显微硬度约为Co基的2倍  相似文献   

4.
稀土在激光熔覆金属陶瓷复合层中的行为   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
采用C02横流激光器在低碳钢基体表面熔覆含稀土氧化物La2O3的镍基TiC金属陶瓷复合层;研究了不同含量的La2O3对激光熔覆镍基金属陶瓷复合层组织及性能的影响。结果表明,加入适量的稀土氧化物La2O3,可有效地改善激光熔覆复合层的显微组织,减少复合层中的裂纹、孔洞、夹杂;加速复合层中TiC颗粒的溶解和改善TiC颗粒的形状变化,且使熔覆复合层的耐磨性和耐蚀性明显提高。  相似文献   

5.
以常用航空材料2A12CZ为基材,在其表面激光熔覆Al-Y(6%Y)合金粉末,进行疲劳性能测试实验。运用扫描电镜和金相显微镜分别对疲劳断口和金相组织进行了观察研究,并与2A12基材做了对比。结果表明,熔覆Al-Y(6%Y)合金试样的安全寿命达到了基材对比试样安全寿命的65.1%,且熔覆层和基体结合得非常紧密,熔覆层内没有大的气孔和裂纹缺陷。  相似文献   

6.
铝合金激光熔覆的最佳能量密度选择   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
铝合金密度小、熔点低、为了把较高熔点的耐磨合金层熔覆到其表面上,而又不让界面上的熔铝上浮以损害涂层强度,激光重熔的能量密度选择十分重要,这里用一系列能量密度进行了重熔试验,对其重熔层的性能,组织,成份及表面状况进行测试和分析,研究了铝合金基体上熔覆Ni-Cr层时激光能量密度对熔覆层质量的影响。  相似文献   

7.
对损伤的TC11钛合金零部件进行激光熔覆沉积修复,可在不影响零件使用性能的前提下,节约贵重钛合金资源,提高零件利用率。分析修复后熔覆层和基材组织性能和开裂倾向是激光熔覆沉积修复工艺的基础研究工作。采用高斯热源,建立了单道单层激光熔覆应力预测三维数值模型,研究了激光熔覆基板的应力分布规律。随后,进一步实验研究了TC11激光熔覆区的显微组织结构。结果表明,激光熔覆区可分为熔覆层、热影响区和热应力层3部分。基板热应力层的晶粒受到应力的作用变形显著。激光熔覆后基板应力仿真和实验结果分布趋势一致,且最大热应力深度随激光功率的增大而增大。  相似文献   

8.
应用5kw—CO2激光器在45钢基材上进行镍基合金激光熔敷处理.观察并测定了激光熔敷层的组织及显微硬度分布,着重探讨了该合金激光熔敷层在不同条件下的腐蚀磨损行为.试验结果表明,在酸性介质中,激光溶敷层的腐蚀磨损速率随介质浓度及冲击速度的提高而线性增加,其中冲击速度影响较为显著.激光熔敷层的腐蚀磨损失效是以磨料磨损为主,失效机制是显微切削并伴随着凿削磨损。  相似文献   

9.
钛合金具有优良的性能,但其耐磨性差限制了其在航空航天等部门的应用。为了在钛合金表面获得良好的耐磨涂层,本文采用激光熔覆技术在TC4合金上分别熔覆市售的KF-Co50和加入10%Ti、5%B的KF-Co50合金粉末。实验采用相同的工艺参数。通过XRD分析试样熔覆层的生成相;利用XRD、SEM和EMPA分析手段对激光熔覆层的微观组织进行分析;通过显微硬度测量、干滑动摩擦磨损实验进行熔覆层的性能分析。对涂层微观组织分析结果表明:涂层组织结构分为熔覆区、结合区、热影响区三部分;涂层与基体实现了良好的冶金结合。  相似文献   

10.
激光熔覆FeNiCrAl合金涂层的组织与腐蚀性能   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在304不锈钢表面激光熔覆FeNiCrAl合金粉末,获得无裂纹耐腐性能优良的熔覆层,其厚度1.5~2.0 mm.利用SEM 分析熔覆层的显微组织结构,并测试熔覆层的腐蚀性并绘制极化曲线.结果表明,激光熔覆处理后涂层迅速熔化和冷却,组织由均匀的不规则多边形晶粒组成;熔覆层的自腐蚀电位比熔覆基体提高约70 mV、且自腐蚀电流密度比基体低,可知涂层的耐腐蚀性能相对基体要高很多.  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

14.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

15.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

16.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

17.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

18.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

19.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

20.
The non-orthogonal localized molecular orbital(NOLMO)is the most localized representation of electronic degrees of freedom.As such,NOLMOs are thus potentially the most efficient for linear scaling calculations of electronic structures for large systems.However,direct ab initio calculations with NOLMO have not been fully implemented and widely used,partly because of the slow convergence issue in the optimization of NOLMO.We devel-  相似文献   

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