二维小世界网络上各向同性Ashkin-Teller模型的相变

运用Monte Carlo方法,研究了二维重连型小世界网络上各向同性Ashkin-Teller模型的铁磁相变,得到了在不同重连概率p下该模型的相图.结果表明,重连概率p对相图的结构影响很小,此类相图均由3个相组成,即完全无序的顺磁相、部分有序的铁磁相和完全有序的铁磁相,在完全有序的铁磁相和完全无序的顺磁相以及完全有序的铁磁相和部分有序的铁磁相之间还出现了一级相变线.     

金属-绝缘体颗粒膜隧穿磁电阻效应的修正理论

基于Inoue模型,提出了一个修正理论来研究金属-绝缘体颗粒膜的隧穿磁电阻效应.假定颗粒膜中铁磁颗粒的尺寸服从对数正态函数,通过两个临界尺寸D1(T)和D2(T)将颗粒膜中的铁磁颗粒分为三类:超顺磁颗粒、单畴铁磁颗粒和多畴颗粒.同时引进一个参数k2来描述超顺磁颗粒与单畴铁磁颗粒对颗粒膜巨磁电阻效应影响的权重,另一个参数k1来描述基体对铁磁颗粒自旋极化率的影响.计算结果表明仅有单畴铁磁颗粒对颗粒膜的隧穿磁电阻效应起主导作用.     

La0.85Na0.15MnO3的结构、磁性质和输运性质

实验研究了由Pechini方法制备的La0.85Mn0.15MnO3多晶陶瓷样品的结构,磁性质和输运性质,发现La0.85Na0.15MnO3的居里温度正好接近定,在该温度附近,伴随铁磁相到顺磁相的转变,同时发生金属－半导体转变,且在居里温度附近,0．5T外磁场下的最大磁电阻可达14％,理论与实验对比可知,在居里温度以上小极化子非对角跳跃为为主要导电机制。     

复杂氧化物中的金属-绝缘体转变

理解金属-绝缘体转变机制有助于进一步了解复杂氧化物中的微观物理行为.基于复杂氧化物材料,首先介绍金属-绝缘体的转变机制:Wilson转变、Mott转变、Anderson转变和Peierls转变.除上述四种机制外,以锰氧化物材料为例,阐述双交换机制和Jahn-Taller畸变的作用对铁磁自旋有序的影响,以及s-d杂化、掺杂和电子-声子散射所引起的铁磁金属到顺磁绝缘态的转变.同时介绍含有磁性粒子的非磁材料中的近藤效应,进而分析外界磁场作用对锰氧化物材料输运性质的影响.     

铁磁金属/绝缘体/铁磁半导体/普通金属 (FM/I/FS/NM)磁性隧道结中的隧穿磁电阻效应

在已有的单自旋过滤磁性隧道结铁磁金属/绝缘体/铁磁绝缘体/普通金属(FM/I/FI/NM)研究的基础上,将其中的铁磁绝缘层(FI)换为铁磁半导体层(FS),研究了铁磁金属/绝缘体/铁磁半导体/普通金属(FM/I/FS/NM)磁性隧道结中的隧穿磁电阻(TMR)现象.结果表明:由于FS层中的自旋过滤效应和Rashba自旋轨道耦合的影响,FM/I/FS/NM结可以在FS层厚度较大的情况下获得非常大的TMR值,从而避免已有的FM/I/FI/NM单自旋过滤结(FI表示铁磁绝缘层)中TMR随FI层厚度增加而下降所导致FI层不能做的太厚带来的制备上的困难.同时,计算结果还显示,FM/I/FS/NM结的TMR随铁磁半导体层FS的厚度,FS层中的Rashba自旋轨道耦合强度和分子场的变化呈振荡变化,随绝缘层I厚度的增加呈饱和趋势.     

电子顺磁共振研究巨磁电阻锰氧化物La0.67 Ca0.33 MnO3的顺磁到铁磁的相变

采用高温固态反应法制备了具有钙钛矿结构的多晶氧化物La_0.67Ca_0.33MnO₃, 利用X射线衍射、 电子顺磁共 振等实验技术研究其结构和顺磁到铁磁的磁性相转变. 电子顺磁共振实验可以观测到样品在磁有序转变温度 (T_c) 附近的动态磁性相转变, 并且与磁化强度的实验结果一致. 对T_{c附近的磁性相转变进行了分析.}     

隧道巨磁电阻效应的研究与应用

1974年,Slonczewski提出的铁磁金属／绝缘体／铁磁金属(FM／I／FM)结构中存在隧道巨磁电阻(TMR)效应,当两铁磁层磁化方向平行或反平行时,FM／I／FM隧道结将有不同的电阻值。很快,Julliere在Fe／Ge／Co隧道结中证实了这一点。这种因外磁场改变隧道结铁磁层的磁化状态而导致其电阻变化的现象,称为隧道磁电阻效应。随后,人们对一系列FM／I／FM磁隧道结的输运性质进行了研究。由于磁隧道结中两铁磁层间不存在或基本不存在层间耦合,     

La位Dy3+的替代对(La1-x Dyx)0.67 Ca0.33 MnO3传输性质的影响

在La0.67Ca0.33MnO3中用Dy对La进行了部分替代,随替代量增加,材料的居里温度和金属-绝缘体相变温度单调下降,峰值电阻率单调增加,磁电阻比急剧增大。这些变化可以用稀土离子平均直径的减小和自旋团簇模型来解释。Dy掺杂引起的磁结构变化将导致CMR效应。     

La_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_3/MgO颗粒系统的电输运和磁电阻

用溶胶凝胶法制备La0.67Sr0.33MnO3(LSMO)粉末,并引入第二相MgO在不同的烧结温度下制备了(1-x)LSMO/xMgO铁磁颗粒系统,对样品的结构、电输运性质和磁电阻进行了系统的研究.结果表明:随MgO含量的增加,样品的电阻率增加、绝缘体金属转变向低温移动、低温电阻极小值现象变得更加明显以及样品的磁电阻增强,但当MgO含量增加到0.07以后,样品的绝缘体金属转变温度又重新增加,其磁电阻也几乎不变,运用颗粒之间的磁耦合关系和自旋极化隧穿机理,对实验结果进行了讨论.     

类钙钛矿化合物Ca(Mn3-xCux)Mn4O12的磁电阻效应

在常压和较低温度(1073K)下利用溶胶-凝胶法制备了成分为Ca(Mn3-xCux)Mn4O12的化合物,X射线衍射图表明当x≤1.5时化合物呈单一钙钛矿相.所有样品均未观测到金属-绝缘体转变,但随成份的改变有反铁磁-铁磁转变发生.它们的磁电阻随温度呈线性变化系.对x＝1.5的样品,在77K和3T磁场下的磁电阻可达37%.     

Electronically soft phases in manganites

The phenomenon of colossal magnetoresistance in manganites is generally agreed to be a result of competition between crystal phases with different electronic, magnetic and structural order; a competition which can be strong enough to cause phase separation between metallic ferromagnetic and insulating charge-modulated states. Nevertheless, closer inspection of phase diagrams in many manganites reveals complex phases where the two order parameters of magnetism and charge modulation unexpectedly coexist. Here we show that such experiments can be naturally explained within a phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau theory. In contrast to models where phase separation originates from disorder or as a strain-induced kinetic phenomenon, we argue that magnetic and charge modulation coexist in new thermodynamic phases. This leads to a rich diagram of equilibrium phases, qualitatively similar to those seen experimentally. The success of this model argues for a fundamental reinterpretation of the nature of charge modulation in these materials, from a localized to a more extended 'charge-density wave' picture. The same symmetry considerations that favour textured coexistence of charge and magnetic order may apply to many electronic systems with competing phases. The resulting 'electronically soft' phases of matter with incommensurate, inhomogeneous and mixed order may be general phenomena in correlated systems.     

La2/3Pb1/3MnO3外延膜的结构及磁电特性研究

通过射频磁控溅射法在单晶LaAlO3(100)衬底上成功的沉积了膜厚为300 nm的La2/3Pb1/3MnO3外延膜。利用X射线衍射仪、原子力和超导量子干涉仪、直流四探针法对其结构、磁电特性进行了系统的研究。结果表明,薄膜为赝立方钙钛矿结构,沿(100)方向择优生长,具有良好的单晶外延结构。居里温度TC=345 K,在居里温度附近,发生铁磁-顺磁转变。此材料呈现出一种典型的自旋玻璃特性,是由于应力造成的。对于顺磁态、自旋玻璃态及铁磁态时其磁矩分布给予了合理的解释。在1 T磁场下,其磁电阻极大值为23.4%。     

含1.5%W的FeCrCoVTi永磁合金穆斯堡尔谱的研究

研究含1.5%W的FeCrCoVTi永磁合金穆斯堡尔谱.在室温下,该合金的穆斯堡尔谱可以分解为八套亚谱,其中7个铁磁性亚谱属于合金中脱溶的α1相,它的平均超精细磁场约为309 kOe;一套顺磁性亚谱对应于合金中基体的α2相.计算讨论合金中的磁矩平均取向度θ及其对该合金磁性能的影响.     

Domain structure of hard magnetic NdAlFeCo bulk metallic glass

Magnetic domain structure of hard magnetic Nd₆₀Al₁₀Fe₂₀Co₁₀ bulk metallic glass (BMG) has been studied by using magnetic force microscopy. In the magnetic force images it is shown that the exchange interaction type magnetic domains with a period of about 360 nm do exist in the BMG, which is believed to be associated with the appearance of hard-magnetic properties in this system. As the scale of the magnetic domain is much larger than the size of the short-range ordered atomic clusters existing in the BMG, it is believed that the large areas of magnetic contrast are actually a collection of a group of clusters aligned in parallel by strong exchange coupling interaction. After fully crystallization, the BMG exhibits paramagnetism. No obvious magnetic contrast is observed in the magnetic force images of fully crystallized samples, except for a small quantity of ferromagnetic crystalline phase with low coercivity and an average size of 900 nm.     

Giant magneto resistance and temperature coefficient of resistance in Sm0.55Sr0.30Ag0.15MnO3 perovskite

Silver ions substituted samarium strontium manganite (Sm0.55Sr0.30Ag0.15MnO3) pervoskite was synthesized by using respective oxides in stoichiometric ratio through solid state reaction. The as-prepared sample was characterized by various analytical techniques to confirm its formation and understand the effect of monovalent silver ions in pervoskite lattice. X-ray diffraction pattern confirms the single phase formation while grain morphology in SEM image indicates good connectivity among the grains. The enhancement in metal to insulator transition temperature shows quenched disorder and magnetoresistance phenomena. The magnetoresistance (MR) and temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) emerge from grain growth factor and homogeneity induced by Ag+ ions in the lattice. The reduction in hysteresis loss resulted from antiferromagnetic - ferromagnetic (TN) and ferromagnetic - paramagnetic (Tc) transitions reveals the removal of disorder in perovskite lattice by Ag+ ions substitution. This increases the magnetic moment across distinct ions on the applying magnetic field. The rise in MR% (~99%) with silver doping emerging from smooth spin tunneling of the grains across the boundary and suppression of the disordered magnetic fluctuations with increase in magnetic field has been reported. The present compound exhibits the first order nature of magnetism and observed first time the highest value of TCR ~ 95%.     

La_(0.85)Na_(0.15)MnO_3的结构、磁性质和输运性质

实验研究了由 Pechini方法制备的 L a0 .85Na0 .1 5Mn O3多晶陶瓷样品的结构、磁性质和输运性质 .发现 L a0 .85Na0 .1 5Mn O3的居里温度正好接近室温 ,在该温度附近 ,伴随铁磁相到顺磁相的转变 ,同时发生金属 -半导体转变 ,且在居里温度附近 ,0 .5 T外磁场下的最大磁电阻可达 14 % .理论与实验对比可知 ,在居里温度以上小极化子非对角跳跃为主要导电机制 .     

钙钛矿La2/3Pb1/3MnO3外延膜的制备及磁性

利用磁控溅射法在单晶LaAlO3(100)衬底上成功地外延生长了La2/3Pb1/3MnO3薄膜.用X射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜和超导量子干涉仪、直流四探针法对其进行了表征.结果表明,薄膜为赝立方钙钛矿结构,晶格常数为3.861 nm,晶格失配度为2.1%,具有良好的单晶外延结构和较光滑的表面,且薄膜中晶粒的生长模式是"柱状"模式.居里温度为325 K,在居里温度附近,发生铁磁-顺磁转变.此材料呈现出一种典型的自旋玻璃特性.是由于应力造成的.在1.OT磁场下,其磁电阻为23.4%.     

Strain-induced metal-insulator phase coexistence in perovskite manganites

The coexistence of distinct metallic and insulating electronic phases within the same sample of a perovskite manganite, such as La(1-x-y)Pr(y)Ca(x)MnO3, presents researchers with a tool for tuning the electronic properties in materials. In particular, colossal magnetoresistance in these materials--the dramatic reduction of resistivity in a magnetic field--is closely related to the observed texture owing to nanometre- and micrometre-scale inhomogeneities. Despite accumulated data from various high-resolution probes, a theoretical understanding for the existence of such inhomogeneities has been lacking. Mechanisms invoked so far, usually based on electronic mechanisms and chemical disorder, have been inadequate to describe the multiscale, multiphase coexistence within a unified picture. Moreover, lattice distortions and long-range strains are known to be important in the manganites. Here we show that the texturing can be due to the intrinsic complexity of a system with strong coupling between the electronic and elastic degrees of freedom. This leads to local energetically favourable configurations and provides a natural mechanism for the self-organized inhomogeneities over both nanometre and micrometre scales. The framework provides a physical understanding of various experimental results and a basis for engineering nanoscale patterns of metallic and insulating phases.