海上低渗透油藏水力压裂技术适应性评价?

由于海上低渗透油田比陆上油田具有更高的开发风险,合理的水力压裂改造措施对提高其经济效益起着至关重要的作用。针对南海某低渗透油田新区块建立了压裂改造图版,以评价该区油井的压裂改造技术适应性。研究结果认为:目标油田的油层组Ⅰ和Ⅱ适合采取压裂措施,推荐两层合压。油层组Ⅲ因为下部0.9 m紧邻水层,不适合采取压裂措施。若已知该区块开发需要满足的经济产量,还可以根据压裂改造图版进行选井选层。     

关于对低渗透油田压裂工艺技术的研究

低渗透油田资源丰富,分布广,而流体渗透能力差,产量低。能源需求的增加和勘探技术的发展,低渗透油田的作用日益明显。采取好的措施,通过压裂工艺改善地层渗透性,增强油层近井地带的渗流能力,进而提高油田的产油数量,提高低渗透油田的开发效果,成了油田重要的发展方向。低渗透油田通过重复压裂改造技术能提高油田的采收率和单井的产量。     

早期注水对压裂改造影响的研究

陕北油田区域构造上位于鄂尔多斯盆地,属于低渗透、特低渗透油田,实施压裂改造可以提高油田的整体开发效益。通过对姚店油田长6油层进行注水压裂改造,油井平均单井日产量提高了234%,稳产时间达3个月以上。研究表明特低渗透油层在注水受效后油层压力开始恢复时,对油层实施压裂,可以提高采收率,获得最好的增产、稳产效果。     

低渗透砂岩压裂层位优选的测井评价模型

典型的低渗透砂岩储层具有非均质性严重、储层产能受岩性和物性因素影响较大、自然产能相对较低等特点,需要对储层进行改造才能见到较好的效果。水力压裂是低渗透储层增产的有效手段,选井选层直接影响压裂效果,目前油田主要依靠经验选择施工井层,不能保证压裂后获得很好的增产效果。利用测井资料处理分析得到低渗透砂岩储层产能评价的关键参数,可以有效地开展低渗透储层压裂产能预测与层位优选,评价产能改造潜力,指导酸化压裂层位的选取和施工,提高油藏开发效益。利用测井、岩芯及测试等资料,从低渗透砂岩储层的岩石矿物、粘土矿物、钙质胶结物、微观孔隙结构等方面入手,分析了影响低渗透砂岩产能的储层因素,构建了储层精细评价和产能预测的测井优化模型,确定了低渗透砂岩储层压裂层位优选标准和图版,最终实现了对压裂优选层位的分级划分。     

辽河低渗透油层压裂工艺探讨和应用

辽河油田低渗透油藏的地质储量占各类油藏地质储量的7.7%,开采程度较低。处于中晚期开发阶段的辽河油田,挖掘渗透油藏的地质储量,其采收率如果能够提高1%,那么将会获得非常可观的经济效益。压裂是改造低渗透油层提高油井产量的强化措施。本文以欢北地区低渗透油层——杜家台油层为例,对低渗透油层压裂施工工艺进行了研究和探讨,提出了适合低渗透油层的及压裂液、支撑剂和施工工艺。     

下寺湾油田泉65井区长2油藏压裂改造工艺优化研究

泉65井区是一个多油层复合浅层油田,三叠系延长组长2,侏罗系延安组Y7、Y9均获得工业油流。三叠系延长组长2油层组,是泉65井区2010年开发的主力油层,属典型的低压、低渗、低温地层,这种油层浅、低压、低渗、低温的地质特性,决定了压裂增产为其主要的增产方式。三叠系长2油藏油水关系复杂、非均质性较强制约了水力压裂工艺的实施,油层改造是实现高效开采的关键。结合2010年与2006-2009年压裂工艺及施工参数及现场实验基础上进行系统性总结分析,提出了长2油层的压裂改造思路及模式,对于提高低渗透油藏开发具有重要作用。     

喇嘛甸油田特高含水期重复压裂油井选井选层方法研究

针对喇嘛甸油田重复压裂油井比例较高、压裂潜力变小、选井选层难度越来越大的实际,通过对历年来重复压裂油井的分析,总结出适合喇嘛甸油田重复压裂油井选井选层的方法。在实践中应用后,取得了较好的效果。     

多层段多裂缝压裂工艺技术现场试验

油田开发初期,厚油层的油藏条件优越,单井压裂增油效果显著,压裂改造规模较小。随着油田开发的不断进行,厚油层的油藏条件逐年变差,常规压裂已不能满足多段多韵律厚油层的需要。针对以上问题,开展了多层段多裂缝压裂工艺技术现场试验,扩大改造油层厚度和改造规模,从而提高水驱压裂井挖潜效果。     

低渗透油层注水开发的层间突进研究

低渗透油田层启动压力梯度注水开发应根据储层物性和油水前缘来合理划分层序 ,制定方案更为有效 .针对渗透油层的储层特性 ,利用低渗透储层的渗流理论 ,研究低渗油层注水开发层间突进 ,推导出适合低渗油层注水开发时水驱油的前缘公式 ,并利用推导的公式进行油田实例计算 .结果表明 ,在低渗透油田的开发计算中 ,须考虑低渗透油田储层特性的影响 ,否则会引起较大误差 .得出 ,当启动压力梯度越大时 ,考虑启动压力梯度算出的水驱前缘要远小于不考虑启动压力梯度算出的水驱前缘的结论 .由此给出油田合理开发层系     

油井压裂措施智能分析系统设计与实现

随着油田二次开发中压裂措施井数量不断增多,会导致压裂分析难度增大。结合油田压裂措施选井选层业务的实际需求,采用专家推理机制和BP神经网络算法等技术,设计开发了一套油井压裂措施智能分析系统。系统实现了对压裂措施的合理分析和措施选井选层的效果评价,降低了措施井优选的复杂度,提高了压裂措施后增油量预测的准确性,为油田二次开发生产提供辅助决策支持。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to