网状聚丙烯纤维对高性能混凝土耐久性能影响

研究了不同掺量聚丙烯纤维高性能混凝土的抗冻融、耐磨、抗渗、抗化学侵蚀能力 ,综合论述了网状聚丙烯纤维对高性能混凝土耐久性的影响 ,探讨和分析了高性能水泥基复合材料耐久性提高的机理。     

混凝土高负温冻融损伤特性研究

为研究(-5±2)℃～(5±2)℃高负温冻融循环温度下混凝土盐冻融和水冻融的抗冻性,采用质量损失率、相对动弹性模量和超声波速损失率三种指标对混凝土试件在水冻、盐冻、盐浇水冻和盐浇盐冻环境下进行测试,结果表明:各类试件经历150次冻融后,评价指标值远未达到混凝土试件停止试验时的最初设计标准;盐与水冻融间的差距也要比标准冻融循环温度下小.同时提出了一种新的混凝土冻融损伤评价指标—氯离子侵蚀面积占比,利用该指标测试表明,在(-5±2)℃～(5±2)℃的冻融循环温度下,混凝土氯离子侵蚀进程较同时长常温下浸泡后并不会加快.     

掺加MAMF纤维对沥青混凝土低温性能的影响

由于高寒、高海拔地区气温低、昼夜温差大,造成沥青混凝土路面抵抗低温变形能力不足,面层网裂,耐久性差.为了延长沥青混凝土路面耐久性,通过掺加MAMF纤维提高沥青混凝土的抗低温性能.经过试验,MAMF纤维的最佳掺量为0.2～0.4%,可使沥青混凝土达到既耐久又经济的路用要求.     

纤维品种和掺量对混凝土性能的影响

纤维混凝土是用纤维来增强或改善混凝土某些性能的复合材料.纤维的掺入,对混凝土产生增强、增韧、阻裂等效应,从而增加了混凝土的强度和抗冲击、抗疲劳等性能,改变了混凝土脆性易开裂的破坏形态,在疲劳、冻融等因素作用下,提高了混凝土的耐久性,延长了混凝土的使用寿命.研究了耐碱玻璃纤维、钢纤维和聚丙烯纤维的掺量对抗渗抗裂混凝土拌合物性能及物理力学性能的影响,分别得出各种纤维在混凝土中的最佳掺量,并总结了各自的特点.     

碱激发条件下高掺量粉煤灰混凝土的耐久性试验研究

通过试验研究了粉煤灰掺量、养护条件和碱性激发剂模数等因素对普通混凝土（OPC）和高掺量粉煤灰混凝土（HFAC）耐久性特征的影响.结果表明：当养护条件由25℃的常温养护变成60℃的蒸汽养护后，OPC和HFAC的抗干燥收缩性、抗氯离子渗透性与抗冻融耐久性均有所改善；与OPC相比，HFAC的抗收缩变形性能与抗氯离子渗透性能均明显增强，抗冻融耐久性则略有下降，但经过蒸汽养护后HFAC的抗冻融耐久性明显改善；当碱性激发剂模数由2.0降低为1.5时，HFAC试件的抗干燥收缩性、抗氯离子渗透性均有所增强，但抗冻融耐久性变化并不明显.碱激发作用和高温蒸汽养护共同促进了HFAC内胶凝材料的水化反应，使水化产物含量增加，进而改善了HFAC的耐久性.     

冻融循环作用下聚乙烯醇纤维增强快硬混凝土的力学性能

为了揭示冻融下快硬聚乙烯醇纤维混凝土的力学性能及其变化规律,对不同纤维体积掺量的纤维增强快凝混凝土开展了冻融循环研究,测得不同冻融循环次数后的抗压强度、抗折强度、相对动弹性模量与质量损失率,并提出了聚乙烯醇纤维早强混凝土相对动弹性模量冻融损伤模型.研究结果表明:掺入0.2%～0.4%的聚乙烯醇纤维可以有效提高混凝土整体密实度及抗冻融能力,试件从脆性破坏过渡到延性破坏;150次冻融循环后,聚乙烯醇纤维增强快硬混凝土的抗压强度损失率小于17.8%;200次冻融循环后,抗折强度损失率及纵波波速下降幅度分别小于16%和10.6%.所提指数模型具有较高的适用性及拟合精度,能较好地反映聚乙烯醇纤维快凝混凝土冻融损伤的演化规律.     

聚丙烯纤维对水工混凝土耐久性的影响

首先探讨了水工混凝土存在的影响其耐久性的开裂、冻融、碳化、磨损等问题,然后结合国内外关于聚丙烯纤维混凝土的试验研究成果,分析了聚丙烯纤维对水工混凝土抗裂、抗渗、抗冻、抗冲击、抗疲劳、抗冲耐磨和抗碳化等性能的改善作用,分析结果表明,聚丙烯纤维可有效提高混凝土的耐久性能.     

有机纤维对“客运专线”用C40高性能混凝土性能的影响

目的为增强混凝土早期抗塑性开裂性能及耐久性,研究了有机纤维种类、长度及掺量对混凝土工作性能、力学性能及抗碳化性能的影响.方法采用坍落度试验、抗压与抗折强度试验、混凝土碳化试验及平板约束法测试进行研究.结果聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维对混凝土工作性能影响最大,坍落度降幅达86%;掺入19 mm聚丙烯(PP)单丝纤维,坍落度下降25%;加入0.15%PP纤维,坍落度降幅达28.7%,含气量增加25.9%;掺入聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维后,混凝土7 d、28 d抗压强度降幅最大,分别达30.4%、23.5%;12 mm PP单丝纤维体积掺量为0.15%时混凝土的抗裂效果明显好于0.05%掺量,而碳化深度较基准低30%.结论混凝土中掺入有机纤维后,早期抗塑性开裂性能明显增强;混凝土的抗裂效果随纤维长度和掺量增加,效果越来越明显;有机纤维的加入明显提高混凝土的抗碳化力,力学性能有所降低,但降幅不大.     

低掺量聚乙烯醇纤维混凝土抗冻性研究

采用快速冻融法,在水、氯化钠溶液分别作用下,研究聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维对混凝土抗冻性能影响。结果表明:在200次水冻融循环实验中,当PVA纤维掺量在0.1%~0.5%(体积分数,以下同)时,随着PVA纤维掺量的增加,混凝土的抗冻耐久性呈现先改善后劣化的趋势,PVA纤维掺量为0.3%时混凝土抗冻性能最好;在经过200次水冻融循环作用后,空白组试件完全损坏,而PVA纤维掺量为0.3%的混凝土的相对动弹性模量损失率为32%,质量损失率为1.2%,冻融后的试件仍然表现出较好的性能;氯盐溶液冻融实验与水冻融实验具有相同趋势,但是氯盐-冻融联合作用下的混凝土比水冻融破坏更加严重;低掺量PVA纤维在混凝土浆体中可以均匀分散,在水泥基体中可承受由受冻膨胀产生的拉应力,减少基体内部裂缝的出现,从而改善混凝土的抗冻耐久性。     

不同粉煤灰掺量的混凝土抗冻融性能研究

通过液压伺服试验系统,研究不同粉煤灰掺量下混凝土的抗冻融性能.对不同粉煤灰掺量的混凝土试块分别进行冻融循环试验,在不同循环次数下对试块进行单轴压缩强度测试及质量变化测定,并研究了混凝土的冻融损伤演化方程.结果表明,在混凝土中掺入一定量的粉煤灰能够改善其抗冻、抗裂性能,并且掺有粉煤灰的混凝土的后期强度大于普通混凝土后期强度.同时分析了混凝土的冻融损伤本构关系,为今后研究粉煤灰混凝土的冻融寿命提供了试验基础和理论依据.试验所得结论对于低温环境下混凝土在实际工程中的应用具有参考价值.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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