聚赖氨酸-聚乙二醇-聚赖氨酸与DNA聚离子复合物胶束的研究

将聚(N^ε-苄氧羰基赖氨酸)-聚乙二醇-聚(N^ε-苄氧羰基赖氨酸)(PLL(Z)-PEG-PLL(Z))中的氨基去保护得到两端为聚阳离子的嵌段共聚物聚赖氨酸-聚乙二醇-聚赖氨酸(PLL-PEG-PLL),并对其与DNA结合形成的聚集体的性质进行了研究．结果表明：PLL-PEG-PLL与DNA形成了聚离子复合物胶束;DNA与PLL通过静电作用形成核,PEG包裹在其外面,得到的聚离子复合物胶束为均相体系,即使在化学计量点也不会沉淀,保持着很好的流动性和稳定性,这一点对基因治疗是很重要的;而且随着PLL段的增加,包覆效果更好;聚离子复合物胶束使得DNA具有较强的核酶抗性;大小在10∽35m之间,呈球形;聚离子复合物胶束能够用于基因的传递,使基因在昆虫细胞系SF9中能够表达出蛋白质．     

聚乳酸-聚乙二醇嵌段共聚物及其交联聚氨酯弹性体的性能研究

通过改变聚乙二醇的用量,将丙交酯与聚乙二醇共聚制成嵌预聚体,用二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯扩链后再用三羟甲基丙烷交联,制得系列聚氨酯型新颖性体。通过对其性能研究表明,随着ＰＥＧ含量的增加,共聚物的特性粘度降低,玻璃化转变温度降低,拉伸强度先升后降;聚氨酯弹性体的玻璃化转变温度降低,拉伸强度降低,而降解速度去加快。     

PMMA-PLA-PMMA三嵌段共聚物的制备

以双溴端聚乳酸(Br-PLA-Br)为引发剂,通过原子转移自由基聚合法(ATRP)合成聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-聚乳酸-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA-PLA-PMMA)三嵌段共聚物。考察不同单体与引发剂比例对共聚产物相对分子质量的影响,结果表明:共聚产物相对分子质量随单体比例的增加呈线性增加及随时间延长而递增,但相对分子质量分布恒定,符合ATRP活性、可控聚合的特点。热分析结果表明:该共聚产物的热分解温度和玻璃化转变温度较之聚乳酸均有明显的提高,说明该嵌段共聚物提高了聚乳酸的热稳定性。     

PEO-PPO可聚合型大分子乳化剂的合成及应用

甲醇为起始剂,与萘钾反应转化为醇钾,以醇钾为引发剂依次引发环氧乙烷(EO)、环氧丙烷(PO)阴离子开环聚合,合成环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷(PEO-PPO)两嵌段共聚物,然后用甲基丙烯酰氯(MAC)为封端剂对该嵌段共聚物进行封端,得到可聚合型大分子乳化剂(PEO-PPO-MA),其中聚环氧乙烷部分为亲水链段,聚环氧丙烷部分为疏水链段。采用GPC1、H-NMR对PEO-PPO-MA的结构进行了表征,并用表面张力法测定了PEO-PPO-MA的临界胶束浓度(CMC)值。以合成的可聚合型大分子聚合物作为乳化剂直接进行苯乙烯的乳液聚合,研究了加料方式对乳液聚合的影响。结果表明,聚合所得乳液粒径均匀,且在加入乙醇、MgSO4及冻融条件下均具有很好的稳定性。     

Effect of addition of poly（ethylene glycol） on electrical conductivity of poly（3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene）-poly（styrenesulfonate） hybrid

By mixing various concentrations of poly (ethylene glycol), a series of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styeenesuffonate) composite thin films were prepared.The electrical conductivity of the PEDOT-PSS/PEG thin films was measured by the four-pcobe method. Experimental results showed that the inclusion of poly(ethylene glycol) influenced the electrical conductivity of PEDOT-PSS film significantly. With the increase of PEG concentrations, the electrical conductivity sharply increased to reach a maximum and then slowly decreased down. Furthermore, the PEG molecular weight and environment temperature also played important roles on the electrical conductivity of PEDOT-PSS/PEG thin films. A good linear relationship was found between in σDC and T^-1/2 within the entire temperature range detected.     

端羟基聚d,l-乳酸及d,l-乳酸-ε-己内酯共聚物预聚体的合成

文中研究了端羟基聚d,l-乳酸及d,l-乳酸-ε-己内酯共聚物预聚体的合成方法以及反应温度、单体比、催化剂用量等对预聚体结构的影响.结果表明预聚体合成的最佳反应条件为:n(LA)/n(CL)=8/2,θ=195℃,催化剂质量分数0.3%,还原剂质量分数0.1%,总反应时间31 h.在该反应条件下可合成出结构明确、酸值较为理想、可满足进一步扩链要求的端羟基预聚体.并用羟值分析和GPc等对产物进行了表征.     

Left-handed helical conformation of poly[d(A-m5C).d(G-T)

Poly[d(G-C)] serves as the prototype for the right-to-left (B to Z) transition in he helical sense of DNA, both in solution and inthe crystal form. However, the question remains as to which other synthetic and natural DNAs have the potential to adopt left-handed conformations. One logical candidate is the canonical alternating purine-pyrimidine sequence d(A-C)n.d(G-T)n which seems to be widely disseminated in eukaryotic genomes. Our approach to this question is based on the enzymatic synthesis of poly[d(A-C).d(G-U)] derivatives with systematic methyl and halogen substitutions in the C-5 position of the pyrimidines C and U. Such modifications in poly[d(G-C)] have previously been shown to potentiate the B to Z transition. Here we report a highly cooperative, reversible, salt- and temperature-dependent transition for poly[d(A-m5C).d(G-T)], a repeat of the d(A-m5C) sequence which may occur in natural DNA. Spectroscopic studies and the demonstrated ability to bind anti-Z-DNA antibodies suggest that the new helical conformation is left-handed and shares structural features with known Z-DNA. However, a novel property, not exhibited by poly[d(G-C)], is the profound temperature dependence of the conformational equilibrium.     

Role of poly(ADP-ribose) formation in DNA repair.

The abundant nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase catalyses the synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). This protein has an N-terminal DNA-binding domain containing two zinc-fingers, which is linked to the C-terminal NAD(+)-binding domain by a short region containing several glutamic acid residues that are sites of auto-poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. The intracellular production of poly(ADP-ribose) is induced by agents that generate strand interruptions in DNA. The branched homopolymer chains may attain a size of 200-300 residues but are rapidly degraded after synthesis. The function of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis is not clear, although it seems to be required for DNA repair. Here we describe a human cell-free system that enables the role of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis in DNA repair to be characterized. The results indicate that unmodified polymerase molecules bind tightly to DNA strand breaks; auto-poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of the protein then effects its release and allows access to lesions for DNA repair enzymes.