基于声发射技术的FRP约束混凝土圆柱抗压试验

为研究纤维增强复合材料(FRP)约束混凝土圆柱的损伤机理,进行4组FRP约束混凝土圆柱和2组无约束混凝土圆柱共18个试件的轴压试验,借助声发射技术探测试件加载全过程的损伤信号.结果表明:无约束混凝土试件破坏属于脆性破坏,而受约束混凝土试件破坏属于延性破坏.根据FRP约束混凝土圆柱的受力特点和破坏过程将其分为主动承载阶段和被动承载阶段.在此基础上,提出计算该类构件极限强度的修正公式.该公式物理意义明确,而且具有较高的计算精度.     

玻璃钢布约束混凝土圆柱尺寸效应的研究

为研究混凝土强度对GFRP布约束混凝土圆柱尺寸效应的影响规律,用强度为C30和C40混凝土分别制作了3根GFRP布约束钢筋混凝土圆柱的试件进行试验及有限元分析,探究不同混凝土强度对轴心受压下GFRP布约束钢筋混凝土圆柱力学性能的影响规律.结果表明:混凝土强度越高,GFRP布约束钢筋混凝土柱的极限抗压强度越高,且试件尺寸越大,极限抗压强度的提高程度越大,但混凝土强度较高时,极限抗压强度提高幅度减小,试件延性变差,更容易发生脆性破坏,建议使用混凝土等级为C40.     

主动约束混凝土圆柱的损伤演化规律

为了揭示主动约束混凝土圆柱的损伤演化规律,在细观层次上分析了环向预应力主动约束混凝土的破坏机理,在构件层次上基于试验研究了环向预应力纤维条带主动约束混凝土圆柱的损伤演化规律,探讨了主动约束作用对混凝土圆柱刚度的影响,研究结果表明:随着应力水平的提高,损伤应变曲线的斜率先减小后增大,体现了柱的损伤发展由缓慢到快速的渐变过程;直至试件应变达到峰值应变,损伤度达到0.4~0.6之间时试件破坏;并在试验研究和理论分析的基础上,提出了损伤演化方程,该方程反映了预应力大小和混凝土强度等级对轴压混凝土圆柱损伤演化的影响;给出了适用于环向预应力纤维条带主动约束混凝土圆柱的等效初始弹性模量的计算公式。     

FRP约束方钢管混凝土短柱轴压性能研究

通过对8个不同FRP材料(碳纤维、玻璃纤维和玄武岩纤维)约束的钢管混凝土方柱的轴压试验研究,揭示此类构件的受力机理与破坏形态,探讨不同FRP约束材料对约束方钢管混凝土的轴向力学性能的影响.试验结果表明,碳纤维约束试件强度和延性提高最为明显. FRP材料的约束强度越大,约束钢管混凝土的轴向承载力越高并且延性越好.在相同约束强度下,玄武岩纤维约束试件的延性优于玻璃纤维约束试件.针对FRP约束钢管混凝土方柱,提出了承载力计算公式.与本试验和其他学者试验结果对比显示,该公式计算结果与试验值吻合良好.     

BFRP约束几何相似钢筋混凝土圆柱的性能研究

利用5 000 kN液压试验机,对3组几何形状相似的玄武岩纤维布（BFRP）约束钢筋混凝土圆柱进行了静力压缩试验。结果表明：采用BFRP约束钢筋混凝土可以有效地提高试件的极限应力并改善其破坏形态,与未约束试件相比,上述3组试件的极限应力分别提高847 %、859 %和8828 %。不同尺寸的约束试件极限应力提高程度不等,体现了材料承载能力的尺寸效应。另外,在已有纤维布（FRP）约束素混凝土柱强度模型的基础上,建立了适合于BFRP约束钢筋混凝土柱的强度模型。     

BFRP管约束再生混凝土圆柱轴压试验

为研究玄武岩纤维复合材料(BFRP)对再生混凝土力学性能的提升作用，对BFRP管约束再生混凝土圆柱进行了轴压试验，分析了BFRP层数对圆柱轴压性能的影响。试验结果表明：BFRP管约束再生混凝土圆柱的失效模式表现为BFRP断裂引起的圆柱受压破坏，BFRP管约束可以显著提高再生混凝土圆柱的承载力和变形能力，轴压应力-应变曲线表现出明显的强化段。随着BFRP层数的增加，约束再生混凝土的轴压强度比未约束再生混凝土提高了78%～281%,极限轴压应变提高了6.16～18.10倍，均显著高于对应的未约束普通混凝土的轴压强度和极限轴压应变。结合试验数据，评估了典型纤维复合材料(FRP)约束混凝土圆柱轴压强度和极限轴压应变模型在BFRP约束再生混凝土中的适用性，发现所评估的典型模型不能精确地预测试件的轴压强度和极限轴压应变。     

BFRP螺旋条带内约束海水海砂混凝土圆柱的轴压性能

为研究以BFRP筋作为纵向增强筋、连续BFRP螺旋条带作为约束元件且带保护层的新型海水海砂混凝土圆柱的轴心受压性能,对8根短柱试件进行轴压试验,研究了BFRP纵筋配筋率和BFRP条带的宽度、间距对其轴压性能的影响;并基于试验数据推导了该类受压构件轴压承载力的计算表达式。研究结果表明：有条带约束试件的破坏过程和机理为试件高度中部混凝土保护层先剥落,然后螺旋条带断裂,随后核心混凝土压碎、纵筋屈曲,保护层剥落范围小于无条带约束试件;BFRP螺旋条带能对核心混凝土和BFRP纵筋有一定约束效应,可提高BFRP纵筋抗压强度利用率;试件抗压承载力随BFRP纵筋配筋率增大而提高;条带约束可使试件承载力提高0.9%～10.4%,极限位移增大16.39%～130.82%;减小条带间距或增大条带宽度均能提高试件承载力;试件位移延性系数总体不高;采用文中推导的轴压承载力计算表达式得到的计算值与试验值吻合较好。     

方钢管约束轻骨料混凝土轴压短柱的力学性能研究

为研究在轴心受压状态下,方钢管约束轻骨料混凝土轴压短柱的破坏模式和力学性能,在此对4组8个方钢管约束轻骨料混凝土轴压短柱试件进行了试验研究。试验结果表明：方钢管能够有效改善轻骨料混凝土的脆性特征,使其具有较好的延性;宽厚比（B/t）与配置纵向钢筋对提高试件极限承载力较混凝土强度的影响大,而混凝土强度的提高对改善试件极限承载力作用较小。基于验证的有限元模型,分析宽厚比（B/t）、混凝土强度对混凝土强度提高系数（Kc）的影响规律,得出B/t对Kc的影响较混凝土强度对Kc的影响大,且与试验结果相吻合。     

BFRP模壳不排水加固墩柱轴压性能有限元分析

在玄武岩FRP模壳(简称BFRP模壳)加固混凝土墩柱轴压试验研究基础上,通过ABAQUS有限元软件建立相应的有限元分析模型,并与试验结果进行比较分析,验证该有限元模型是可靠有效的.然后分析混凝土填充量、填充混凝土强度、 BFRP模壳约束强度及尺寸效应等参数对BFRP不排水加固混凝土墩柱轴压性能的影响.结果表明:增加混凝土填充量能提高试件的承载力,但承载力提高幅度并非随着填充量的增加而增加,而是趋于稳定;填充层混凝土强度等级越高,加固试件承载能力越高,但提高幅度随填充混凝土强度等级的提高而不断减小;增强BFRP模壳连接部分的约束强度能提高加固试件的承载力,当连接部分的强度接近非连接部分的强度时,承载力的提高幅度最大; BFRP模壳加固轴心受压柱的峰值荷载存在尺寸效应,轴压峰值荷载提高系数随墩柱尺寸的增加而减小.最后,给出BFRP模壳约束加固混凝土墩柱的轴压承载力建议计算公式,理论计算结果与试验结果及模拟结果吻合良好.     

方钢管约束轻骨料混凝土轴压短柱的力学性能

为研究在轴心受压状态下,方钢管约束轻骨料混凝土轴压短柱的破坏模式和力学性能,通过4组8个方钢管约束轻骨料混凝土轴压短柱试件进行了试验研究。试验结果表明:方钢管能够有效改善轻骨料混凝土的脆性特征,使其具有较好的延性;宽厚比(B/t)与配置纵向钢筋对提高试件极限承载力较混凝土强度的影响大;而混凝土强度的提高对改善试件极限承载力作用较小。基于验证的有限元模型,分析宽厚比(B/t)、混凝土强度对混凝土强度提高系数(Kc)的影响规律,得出B/t对Kc的影响较混凝土强度对Kc的影响大,且与试验结果相吻合。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

Features of Women''s language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme