三能级原子—双模动腔系统的纠缠输出

本文考虑了一个三能级原子与双模动腔系统相互作用的理论方案.通过量子朗之万方程给出了系统的稳态解,并得出入射率(耦合系数)增大,光子数变少;利用输入输出理论,数值模拟了两模腔场之间的纠缠压缩谱.研究表明原子的入射率及镜子的振动频率影响双模场的输出压缩谱.     

Λ型三能级原子诱导光机械系统的稳态纠缠

为了研究原子对光机械系统的影响,将原子引入到一个双模动腔系统中,本文提出了一个由Λ型三能级原子去纠缠两个介观镜以及双模腔场的理论方案。由于原子的介入,使得腔场与移动的镜子之间发生相互作用。利用量子朗之万方程,结合激光的线性近似理论,求出此系统的稳态解。同时,采用西蒙判据,对系统的稳态纠缠进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明,纠缠是由原子的相干态诱导的,即使对于机械品质因子较低的坏腔,当腔场与原子之间的耦合系数取值恰当时,两个移动的镜子,两模腔场以及腔场与较远镜子之间都会产生纠缠。并且得出,耦合系数越大,纠缠越大,即入射率越大,纠缠越大。由于在此混合系统中,任何两体之间都是纠缠的,得出此系统中存在多体纠缠现象。     

级联原子诱导的腔光力系统的稳态纠缠特性

本文提出了一个由三能级级联原子束去纠缠双模腔场的理论方案。利用量子朗之万方程,结合激光的线性近似理论,求出此系统的稳态解。同时,采用Negativity作为纠缠判据,对系统的稳态纠缠进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明,纠缠是由原子的相干态诱导的,即使对于机械品质因子较低的坏腔,当参数取值恰当时,两模腔场以及腔场与镜子之间也都会产生纠缠。并且得出,入射率越大,纠缠越大。     

Bernstein-Vazirani算法的腔QED实现

基于阶梯形三能级原子与经典和量子腔场之间的共振相互作用,提出了一个在腔量子电动力学系统中实现Bernstein-Vazirani算法的方案.     

腔场损耗对(*)型三能级原子与双模光场非共振相互作用系统熵的影响

研究了(*)型三能级原子与双模相干态场非共振相互作用过程中,腔场存在能量损耗时,系统线性熵、光场线性熵和原子线性熵的时间演化特性,讨论了能量损耗、双模光场的平均光子数和光场与原子的耦合程度对各线性熵的影响.     

利用V型三能级原子传送N-qubit未知原子态

实现量子态的隐形传送,尤其是多比特的量子态的隐形传送在量子信息领域中具有非常重要的作用.利用全量子理论,对简并V型三能级原子与单模相干态的相反态腔场之间的Raman相互作用进行了详细研究.在此基础上,提出了利用简并V型三能级原子与腔场之间的Raman相互作用来隐形传送N-qubit未知原子态的新方案.     

三能级原子在双模激场作用下的偶极压缩效应

应用量子电动力学理论，研究了三能级原子在双模激场作用下的偶极压缩效应，结果表明，在弱光场作用下，三能级原子呈现明显的偶极压缩效应，偶极压缩与双模光场的强度以及原子与光场的耦合强度有密切的关联。     

基于两个Λ型三能级原子实现量子交换门

利用Λ型三能级原子与双模腔场的耦合和经典光场的驱动,提出在两原子间实现量子交换门的理论方案.此方案中,量子信息仅编码于原子基态上,因而其不受原子自发辐射影响.考虑在腔耗散后,通过选择合适参数,数值模拟结果表明该交换门的保真度可超过0.949.     

双模SU(1,1)相干态场与级联三能级单原子相互作用的动力学的性质

本文研究了关联双模ＳＵ（１，１）相干态场与中间能级偏调的级联三能级单原子的相互作用对原子动力学行为的影响及双模场的量子统计性质随时间的演化，证明了与级联三能级原子的作用下，随时间演化，场交替呈现关联和反关联特性。     

腔场损耗对ξ型三能级原子与双模光场非共振相互作用系统熵的影响

研究了ξ型三能级原子与双模相干态场非共振相互作用过程中，腔场存在能量损耗时，系统线性熵、光场线性熵和原子线性熵的时间演化特性，讨论了能量损耗、双模光场的平均光子数和光场与原子的耦合程度对各线性熵的影响．     

非最大量子纠缠信道的量子态传送——在腔QED系统中利用非最大三粒子纠缠GHZ态传送未知原子态

讨论在腔QED中如何利用非最大三粒子纠缠GHZ态实现未知单原子态、两原子纠缠态的概率隐形传送.在量子态传送过程中需要引入一个辅助粒子以解决使用非最大纠缠量子信道导致的态畸变问题.本方案在两原子与腔相互作用的整个过程中,由于经典场同时对两原子进行驱动,量子态的演化不依赖于腔场的态,因而不受腔泄漏和热腔场的影响.     

Cavity QED with a Bose-Einstein condensate

Cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity QED) describes the coherent interaction between matter and an electromagnetic field confined within a resonator structure, and is providing a useful platform for developing concepts in quantum information processing. By using high-quality resonators, a strong coupling regime can be reached experimentally in which atoms coherently exchange a photon with a single light-field mode many times before dissipation sets in. This has led to fundamental studies with both microwave and optical resonators. To meet the challenges posed by quantum state engineering and quantum information processing, recent experiments have focused on laser cooling and trapping of atoms inside an optical cavity. However, the tremendous degree of control over atomic gases achieved with Bose-Einstein condensation has so far not been used for cavity QED. Here we achieve the strong coupling of a Bose-Einstein condensate to the quantized field of an ultrahigh-finesse optical cavity and present a measurement of its eigenenergy spectrum. This is a conceptually new regime of cavity QED, in which all atoms occupy a single mode of a matter-wave field and couple identically to the light field, sharing a single excitation. This opens possibilities ranging from quantum communication to a wealth of new phenomena that can be expected in the many-body physics of quantum gases with cavity-mediated interactions.     

Strong atom-field coupling for Bose-Einstein condensates in an optical cavity on a chip

An optical cavity enhances the interaction between atoms and light, and the rate of coherent atom-photon coupling can be made larger than all decoherence rates of the system. For single atoms, this 'strong coupling regime' of cavity quantum electrodynamics has been the subject of many experimental advances. Efforts have been made to control the coupling rate by trapping the atom and cooling it towards the motional ground state; the latter has been achieved in one dimension so far. For systems of many atoms, the three-dimensional ground state of motion is routinely achieved in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). Although experiments combining BECs and optical cavities have been reported recently, coupling BECs to cavities that are in the strong-coupling regime for single atoms has remained an elusive goal. Here we report such an experiment, made possible by combining a fibre-based cavity with atom-chip technology. This enables single-atom cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments with a simplified set-up and realizes the situation of many atoms in a cavity, each of which is identically and strongly coupled to the cavity mode. Moreover, the BEC can be positioned deterministically anywhere within the cavity and localized entirely within a single antinode of the standing-wave cavity field; we demonstrate that this gives rise to a controlled, tunable coupling rate. We study the heating rate caused by a cavity transmission measurement as a function of the coupling rate and find no measurable heating for strongly coupled BECs. The spectrum of the coupled atoms-cavity system, which we map out over a wide range of atom numbers and cavity-atom detunings, shows vacuum Rabi splittings exceeding 20 gigahertz, as well as an unpredicted additional splitting, which we attribute to the atomic hyperfine structure. We anticipate that the system will be suitable as a light-matter quantum interface for quantum information.     

利用腔-QED进行两原子任意态量子隐态传输方案

基于腔QED技术，我们提出一种无需Bell态联合测量的两原子任意态量子隐态传输方案．在传输过种中，在一个强经典场驱动下，原子与非共振的单模腔场相互作用，对原子的分离测量来代替实验上难以实现的联合Bell态测量，且不受腔泄漏及环境热库的影响，     

基于非BSM的一对多二比特隐形传态

提出了一种无Bell基测量一对多隐形传输二比特信息的方案.在隐形传输过程中,以(2n+2)个粒子的最大纠缠态作为量子信道,通过原子在外加强经典驱动场下和单模腔场的相互作用,产生态的演化,从而实现隐形传输.传输过程中不需要用到Bell基测量,且不用考虑腔场耗散和外界热场环境的影响,传输成功的总几率为1.0.     

两全同二能级原子同时与真空腔场相互作用任意态的纠缠

应用负值量子条件熵,研究了在大失谐情况下,两全同二能级原子同时与一真空腔场相互作用任意态纠缠的时间演化.考察了统初态对两原子系之间量子纠缠的影响,并将结果与concurrence的时间演化作了比较.结果表明,负值条件熵能够作为该条件下两全同二能级原子同时与单模腔场相互作用任意态的,容易解析计算的纠缠度.图2,参12.     

Real-time quantum feedback prepares and stabilizes photon number states

Feedback loops are central to most classical control procedures. A controller compares the signal measured by a sensor (system output) with the target value or set-point. It then adjusts an actuator (system input) to stabilize the signal around the target value. Generalizing this scheme to stabilize a micro-system's quantum state relies on quantum feedback, which must overcome a fundamental difficulty: the sensor measurements cause a random back-action on the system. An optimal compromise uses weak measurements, providing partial information with minimal perturbation. The controller should include the effect of this perturbation in the computation of the actuator's operation, which brings the incrementally perturbed state closer to the target. Although some aspects of this scenario have been experimentally demonstrated for the control of quantum or classical micro-system variables, continuous feedback loop operations that permanently stabilize quantum systems around a target state have not yet been realized. Here we have implemented such a real-time stabilizing quantum feedback scheme following a method inspired by ref. 13. It prepares on demand photon number states (Fock states) of a microwave field in a superconducting cavity, and subsequently reverses the effects of decoherence-induced field quantum jumps. The sensor is a beam of atoms crossing the cavity, which repeatedly performs weak quantum non-demolition measurements of the photon number. The controller is implemented in a real-time computer commanding the actuator, which injects adjusted small classical fields into the cavity between measurements. The microwave field is a quantum oscillator usable as a quantum memory or as a quantum bus swapping information between atoms. Our experiment demonstrates that active control can generate non-classical states of this oscillator and combat their decoherence, and is a significant step towards the implementation of complex quantum information operations.     

基于原子与光场共振相互作用的W态融合

基于腔量子动力学(QED)系统,从N个原子和M个原子的W态中各取1个原子同时送入真空腔场,利用原子与腔场相互作用实现2个W态融合.当原子与腔场发生共振作用后,探测腔场.结果表明:若有1个光子,则初始的2个W态以一定概率融合为(N+M)个原子W态;若腔场中没有光子,则探测飞出2个原子,若2个原子中有1个原子处于激发态,则初始的2个W态以一定概率融合为(N+M-2)个原子W态;若2个原子均处于基态,则余下的(N-1)个原子W态和(M-1)个原子W态仍可按此方案循环融合.     

在QED腔中实现一个未知的三粒子W态的隐形传输方案

量子隐形传输在量子信息科学中有着重要的地位,很多方案被设计出来用于实现隐形传输,但在实际中,存在着很多困难,例如EPR对的制备,联合Bell测量,腔衰减和热场的影响等.在本文中,首先介绍了一个单模腔,原子4、5,原子6、7和原子8、9的最大纠缠态被制备出来,从它的有效哈密顿量的形式,可以看出,热场和腔衰减可以消除掉,其次我们设计了一个未知的三粒子W态的隐形传输方案,从中可以发现,这个过程中不需要联合Bell测量,而且实现这个过程成功的概率是1.     

通过原子与腔场的非共振相互作用转移原子纠缠态

提出一个方案用于转移双原子纠缠态和W态.方案基于2个原子同时与一个单模腔场非共振相互作用的模型.转移过程中,原子与腔场之间不交换量子信息.腔场仅仅是被虚激发,所以方案对腔的品质因子的要求大大降低.不需要做任何测量,原子纠缠态可以直接转移给接收方的原子,成功几率为100%.