双层幕墙热气流流体动力学热工模拟

 在强太阳热辐射条件下,双层幕墙强迫送风热气流（简称强化热气流）流量及热功率显著增加。建立三维流体动力学模型及边界条件,采用FLUENT软件对双层幕墙热气流及强化热气流进行热工模拟,求得双层幕墙在无遮阳、遮阳百叶全开、遮阳百叶封闭三种工况下的温度及速度分布图,解析强化热气流的成因。最后再通过实验验证。     

秦巴山地建筑外窗遮阳与自然通风耦合作用对夏季室内热环境影响分析

提高建筑室内热舒适度和降低建筑能耗是实现建筑可持续发展的主要途径。针对秦巴山区传统建筑夏季室内湿热现象,为改善室内热环境,提出对窗口加设遮阳构件,考虑遮阳与自然通风对室内热环境的耦合作用,对遮阳构件进行优化设计。首先利用Ecotect软件,模拟分析了常见遮阳构件、不同参数下的遮阳百叶对南向窗口太阳辐射的影响,得出百叶构件对综合辐射的遮挡效果最好。其次,利用三维有限元软件ANSYS CFX分析了不同叶宽及倾角下百叶构件对自然通风的影响,得出当采用叶片宽度为200 mm,倾角为30°的遮阳百叶时,建筑自然通风潜力最大。最后,综合考虑百叶构件与辐射得热量及自然通风的耦合关系,建议选用百叶宽度为200mm,倾角为30°的遮阳构件,遮阳系数达0.3,可有效遮挡南向窗口70%的太阳辐射得热量,同时通风潜力大幅提升。     

冬季DSF不同运行模式节能研究

介绍了冬季双层皮幕墙( Double skin facades,DSF)的两种运行模式,用能量平衡法模拟了这两种模式幕墙的热性能,然后介绍了通过DSF的得热量的计算方法,并用冷辐射系数法将得热量转化为室内负荷,以长沙地区某DSF为算例对其在冬季工况下的累计负荷进行了模拟,提出了一种优化的DSF冬季运行模式,计算结果表明该模式比封闭的DSF节能10%。     

冬季双层皮幕墙不同运行模式节能研究

介绍了冬季双层皮幕墙(double skin facades,DSF)的两种运行模式。用能量平衡法模拟了这两种模式幕墙的热性能,然后介绍了通过DSF的得热量的计算方法;并用冷辐射系数法将得热量转化为室内负荷。以长沙地区某DSF为算例对其在冬季工况下的累计负荷进行了模拟,提出了一种优化的DSF冬季运行模式;计算结果表明该模式比封闭的DSF节能10%。     

夏热冬冷地区VDSF自然通风实验研究与优化

以长沙作为夏热冬冷地区的典型城市,通过试验对位于长沙地区的一已搭建好的通风式双层皮玻璃幕墙自然通风和机械通风时热通道内的流场和温度场进行对比分析.研究表明,当玻璃间距分别为0.10,0.20,0.30和0.40m时,均可实现自然通风;当玻璃间距为0.30和0.40m时,自然通风和机械通风效果十分接近.对热通道内百叶的位置进行了试验研究,发现玻璃间距为0.40m,百叶位于离外玻璃0.10m或位于热通道正中间时,自然通风和机械通风效果基本一致.结合Fluent软件分别对自然通风状态下通风式双层皮玻璃幕墙玻璃间距为0.30和0.40m,百叶位置位于离外玻璃0.10m及位于热通道正中间的情形分别进行流场和温度场的模拟对比分析.结果表明,夏季,通风式双层皮玻璃幕墙自然通风下的最佳玻璃间距是0.30m,百叶离外层玻璃0.10m.     

双层皮玻璃幕墙综合传热系数计算方法的研究

介绍了双层皮玻璃幕墙的类型,选取适用于夏热冬冷地区的箱体式结构作为研究对象,建立了物理模型。然后分析该形式幕墙的传热机理,建立了能量平衡方程,并给出方程中玻璃和遮阳装置总吸收率以及等效辐射换热系数的计算公式,采用CFD方法确定了通风腔中的平均气流速度。在此基础上结合该形式幕墙的传热机理,分析了热阻的构成,给出了总热阻的计算方法,最后求得综合传热系数。本文的工作为今后DSF建筑空调系统的设计提供参考和依据。     

基于光催化的TVOC净化效果研究及呼吸幕墙空气净化器设计

目的处理呼吸幕墙通道间流动的空气,研究解决工程中节能及室内空气净化的问题.方法设计一种光催化呼吸幕墙空气净化器装置,利用纳米TiO_2光催化技术,降解流经幕墙通道空气中的污染物,然后将净化后的清新空气送入室内;建立实验模型,设置对比试验,测试净化器在不同设置情况下室内TVOC的数值.结果不同条件下(风速、百叶角度、空气与TiO_2接触面积不同时)净化器的最优状态:当光催化呼吸幕墙空气净化器处于三挡风速,按有双层附着TiO_2的百叶窗帘并且百叶角度为180°时为最优状态.在最优状态下该净化器对TVOC的净化率可达84%.结论该净化器节能环保,净化能力强,无二次污染且充分利用了呼吸幕墙空间以及太阳能,展现出其节能环保的优势,推动净化产品的更新换代,具有广阔的市场前景.     

北外窗遮阳的必要性及遮阳设施的优化选择

首先分析了在空调季上海、厦门两地建筑各朝向表面的太阳直射和散射分布;其次,建立遮阳建筑模拟分析模型,利用Energy-plus软件,分析不同尺寸的固定遮阳板、不同性能的外遮阳卷帘以及不同倾角下的百叶对建筑北向房间的太阳辐射得热和建筑采光的影响,并对各种遮阳设施进行眩光分析,发现使用固定遮阳板和卷帘的眩光总小时数较多;最后,模拟分析北向房间外窗采用不同遮阳设施的全年建筑照明能耗和空调能耗;结果表明,上海地区北外窗采用中反射率中透过率的卷帘节能效果最明显,可调百叶节能效果与卷帘接近,固定遮阳板节能效果不明显;厦门地区北外窗采用可调百叶节能效果最明显,高反射率低透过率的卷帘次之,固定遮阳板节能效果最小;综合考虑节能效果和眩光,上海和厦门两地采用可调百叶遮阳效果最好。     

马堡煤矿高位钻孔布置参数的优化分析

为减少高瓦斯煤层的瓦斯灾害,提高高位钻孔瓦斯抽采效率,通过分析计算出马堡煤矿15#煤层上覆岩层移动"三带"高度,即:马堡煤矿15203工作面冒落带高度为10.06～14.46 m,裂隙带高度为38.75～49.95 m.再利用COMSOL数值模拟软件对高位钻孔的仰角、方位角、钻孔长度等因素进行模拟分析,并将确定的高位钻孔最佳布置参数在15203工作面进行工业试验.结果表明:数值模拟高位钻孔最佳布置参数为钻孔倾角宜控制在9°～12°,方位角以30°～45°为宜,钻孔长度为150 m;现场试验高位钻孔最佳布置参数为倾角在8°～11°,夹角在30°～42°,钻孔长度在145～155m,实测数据与模拟结果基本保持一致,为其他低渗透高瓦斯煤层的高位钻孔优化布设提供了参考价值.     

激光成像引信在空空导弹中的应用

针对激光成像引信在空空导弹中的应用要解决引信前倾角和引信探测距离的设计问题,在分析激光成像引信推扫成像原理的基础上,建立了激光引信脚印尺寸模型和引信前倾角与探测距离模型,通过仿真得到了最佳引信前倾角和探测距离的设计指标:最佳引信前倾角为15°～40°,相应最佳引信探测距离为70～24 m.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.